Anatomy

Front 1

The word anatomy is derived from Greek and means what?

Back 1

“to cut up” or “to cut open.”

Front 2

What is the simplest level of organization within the body?

Back 2

The chemical level

Front 3

What is the smallest unit of matter?

Back 3

Atoms

Front 4

What is a molecule?

Back 4

Two or more atoms combime to form a molecule

Front 5

WHat are examples of a molecule?

Back 5

protein, a water molecule or a vitamin

Front 6

What is a macromolecule?

Back 6

LArger and more complex molecules such as dna and protein.

Front 7

Large molecules join in specific ways to form what?

Back 7

Cells

Front 8

What are tissues?

Back 8

Organizations of cells that perfrom specialized functions

Front 9

how many organ systems are in the human body?

Back 9

11

Front 10

All body systems function _________ in a single living himan being.

Back 10

interdependently

Front 11

_________ tissues covers exposed surfaces and lines body cavities

Back 11

Epithelial tissue
ex. the inner lining of the digestive system

Front 12

_____ tissue protects, supports and interconnects body parts and organ

Back 12

Connective.

Front 13

What are three types of connective tissue

Back 13

Solid (such as bone) Liquid( such as blood) or intermediate(such as cartilage)

Front 14

____ tissue produces Movement.

Back 14

Muscle

Front 15

Three types of muscle tissue is?

Back 15

Skeletal muscle, Smooth, and cardiac

Front 16

_____ tissue conducts impulses for internal communication

Back 16

Nervous

Front 17

WHat are examples of nervous tissue?

Back 17

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Front 18

______ provides protection, regulates body temp, site of cutaneous, vitamin D , prevents water loss

Back 18

Integumentary

Front 19

_____ provides support and protection. Stores calcium and allows for body movement

Back 19

Skeletal

Front 20

Muscle generates _____ when muscles contract

Back 20

heat

Front 21

A regulatory system that controls body movement

Back 21

Nervous

Front 22

Helps control all other systems of the body

Back 22

Nervous

Front 23

Responsible for consciousness, intelligence and memory

Back 23

nervous

Front 24

Consist of glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones

Back 24

Endocrine

Front 25

responsible for body and cellular growth, chemical levels and reproductive functions

Back 25

endocrine

Front 26

consists of a pump(the heart) that moves blood through blood vessels in order to distribute hormons, nutrients, gases, and pick up waste products

Back 26

Cardiovascular

Front 27

WHat is lymph

Back 27

Interstitial fluid

Front 28

______ transports and filters lymph.

Back 28

Lymphatic

Front 29

____ responsible for exchange of gases( oxygen, and carbon dioxide) between blood and the air in lungs.

Back 29

Respiratory

Front 30

______Mechanically and chemically digest food materials.

Back 30

Digestive

Front 31

_____ absorbs nutrients, gets rid of waste products

Back 31

Digestive

Front 32

_____Filters the blood and removes waste products from the blood.

Back 32

Urinary

Front 33

_____ produces male sex cells(sperm) and male hormons.

Back 33

Male reproductive system

Front 34

_____ produces female sex cells and female hormones.

Back 34

Female reproductive system

Front 35

what is the anatomic position?

Back 35

body position in which an individual stands upright with the feet parallel and flat on the floor. Palms facing front.

Front 36

A ____ is an imaginary surface that slices the body into specific sections.

Back 36

Plane

Front 37

What are the three major anatomic planes of reference?

Back 37

coronal, transverse and sagittal

Front 38

a ____ plane also called a frontal plane, is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.

Back 38

Coronal plane

Front 39

A _____ plane, also called a cross-sectional plane or horizontal plane, cuts perpendicularly along the long axis of the body or organ. seperating it into both superior(upper) and inferior(lower) parts.

Back 39

Tranverse

Front 40

A ___ plane or median plane extends through the body or organ vertically and divides the structure into right and left halves

Back 40

Sagittal

Front 41

correlative term means what?

Back 41

opposite

Front 42

Anterior is?

Back 42

in front of

Front 43

Posterior is?

Back 43

In back of

Front 44

Dorsal is?

Back 44

At the back side of the human body

Front 45

Ventral is?

Back 45

At the belly side of the human body

Front 46

superior is?

Back 46

Toward the head of above

Front 47

Inferior is?

Back 47

toward the feet

Front 48

Caudal is?

Back 48

At the rear or tail end

Front 49

Cranial is?

Back 49

At the head end

Front 50

Medial is?

Back 50

Toward the midline of the body

Front 51

Lateral is?

Back 51

Away from the body

Front 52

Deep is?

Back 52

On the inside

Front 53

Superficial is?

Back 53

on the outside

Front 54

_____ closest to point of attachment to trunk.

Back 54

Proximal

Front 55

______ Furthest from point of attachment to trunk

Back 55

Distal

Front 56

___ Includes the head, neck, and trunk.

Back 56

Axial region

Front 57

Our limbs or appendages, attach to the bodys axis and make up the ______

Back 57

appendicular region

Front 58

The ___ cavity is formed by the cranium and houses the brain

Back 58

Cranial

Front 59

A ____ canal is formed by the individual bones of the bertebral column and contains the spinal cord.

Back 59

Vertebral

Front 60

A ___ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall

Back 60

PAriental

Front 61

A ___ layer covers the external surface of organs within the cavity

Back 61

Visceral

Front 62

Between the pariental and visceral layers is a thin _____ cavity. containing film of serous fluid.

Back 62

Serous cavity

Front 63

the heart is enclosed by a two layed serous membrane called the ________.

Back 63

Pericardium

Front 64

the four quadrants are?

Back 64

Right upper, left upper, RIght lower quadrant, LEft lower quadrant.

Front 65

the study or cells is called

Back 65

Cytology

Front 66

one of the smallest cells in the body is?

Back 66

red blood cells

Front 67

The largest cell in the body is?

Back 67

Oocyte

Front 68

_____ the first two weeks starting with fertilization of the egg and the formation of the zygote.

Back 68

Pre- Embryonic period

Front 69

______ Includes the third through the end of the eight week.

Back 69

Embryonic period

Front 70

What happends during the embryonic period?

Back 70

All major organ systems develop into redimentary versions of the adult structures.

Front 71

_____ weeks 9 through 38.

Back 71

Fetal

Front 72

WHat happends in fetal period?

Back 72

Growth is the main feature of this 30 week period of time.

Front 73

______ is the process by which gametes(sperm and eggs) are produced.

Back 73

Gametogenesis

Front 74

Diploid has 23 chromosomes? TRUE OR FALSE?

Back 74

False. THey have 23 pair of chromosomes.

Front 75

A Haploid has 23 Chromosomes? T or F

Back 75

True

Front 76

_____ is a type of sex cell division that starts with a diploid parent cell and produces haploid daughter cells

Back 76

Meiosis

Front 77

____ starts with a diploid parent cell and results in two genetically identical diploid daughter cells.

Back 77

Mitosis

Front 78

A process called ____ ____ occurs in meiosis which allows an exchange in genetic material between paired chromosomes.

Back 78

Crossing over

Front 79

A paired chromosome is also known as?

Back 79

Homologous

Front 80

Crossing over results in what?

Back 80

genetic diversity among gametes

Front 81

The parents cells that produce haplod ooctyes through the process of meiosis are called?

Back 81

OOgonia

Front 82

Where are oogonia are located where?

Back 82

Ovaries

Front 83

the cell that receives very little cytoplasm is called?

Back 83

a polar body

Front 84

_____ - several layers of cuboidal cells

Back 84

Corona radiata

Front 85

_____ a clear layer of proteins between the ovum and the cells of the corona radiata

Back 85

Zona Pellucida

Front 86

The parent cells that produce haploid sperm through the process of meiosis are called?

Back 86

Spermatogonia

Front 87

Each spermatogonium divides by mitosis to produce two genetically identical cells is called?

Back 87

Primary spermatocytes

Front 88

How many cells is the body composed of approximately?

Back 88

75 trillion cells

Front 89

_______ matrix is a substance produced by the cells of a specific tissue and can contain protein fibers, salts, h2o and dissolved marcromolecules

Back 89

Extracellular matrix

Front 90

Where is the matrix located?

Back 90

On the outside of cells

Front 91

What are the four types of tissues?

Back 91

Epithelial, muscle, nervous, and connective

Front 92

All cells in your body belong to one of the four types of tissues. True or False

Back 92

TRUE

Front 93

Which tissue is this?
Cellular, polor, attached, avascular, innervated, high regeneration capacity

Back 93

Epithelial tissue

Front 94

Which tissue is this?
Diverse types, all contain cells, protein fibers, and ground substance

Back 94

Connective tissue

Front 95

Which tissue is this?
Contractile; receives stimulation from nervous system and /or endocrine system

Back 95

Muscle tissue

Front 96

What is the general functions on the epithelial tissue?

Back 96

Covers surfaces, lines insides of organs and body cavities

Front 97

What are the functions of connective tissue?

Back 97

Protects, binds together, and supports organs

Front 98

What are the functions of Muscle tissue?

Back 98

Facilitates movement of skeleton or organ walls

Front 99

The majority of glands are derived from which tissue?

Back 99

Epithelial

Front 100

Epithelial tissue possesses little to no extracellular matrix?
True or false

Back 100

TRUE