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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are red nuclei used for and what does it contain?
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-used for posture reflexes
-high in iron content |
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What does substantia nigra contain, what is it's function, and what does it use?
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-high in melanin content
-performs graceful skeletal muscle movement -uses dopamine as neurotransmitter |
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How is Parkinson's disease caused adn how can it be controlled?
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-caused by the lack of dopamine
-can be controlled by L-dopa (dopamine precursor) -Dopamine can't cross the BBB |
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What is the function of the reticular formation?
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-keeps the brain aroused
-keeps the brain in a functional state |
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What are the pons?
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-relay/transmission center
-several cranial nerves originate within pons |
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What is the medulla, what does it contain, and its function?
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-transmission/relay center
-contains many nuclei that begin cranial nerves -contains nuclei involved in autonomic regulation of vicera -Inc/Dec heart rate and respiratory rate -houses reflex centers |
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What is the cerebellum and what does it do?
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-2 hemispheres
-coordination of skeletal motor impulses -stores memeory of previously learned motor patterns -adjusts muscle activity to maintain posture -receives proprioceptive information |
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Where are preprioceptors found and what does it do?
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-found in skeletal muscles
-also in tendons, ligaments, and synovial joints - monitors thick/thin filament overlap -measures tension placed on a muscle |
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What is the limbic system?
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-"emotional brain"
-affects behavior and emotion -principle part of brain involved in emotion |
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What's in the spinal cord?
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-cranial nerves
-thoracic nerves -lumbar nerves -sacral nerves -coccygeal nerves -"tube" ends at L1 -nerves fan-out in cauda equina (horse's tail) -nerves continue through vertibral foramena |
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What is the vertabral foramena?
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-hole in center of spine that holds spinal cord
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What is the Epidural space
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-adipose tissue that protects cord from bone
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What are spinal nerves?
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-on either side of spinal cord
-attached by anterior and posterior roots---> each have rootlets--->connected to nuclei on spinal cord |
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Why is the spinal cord separated in half by sulci?
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-lets us have more mobility and twists
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What is the cervical plexis?
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-place where several cervical nerves branch off and splice together
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Where is the brachial plexus located and and where do they go?
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-found in shoulder
-nerves go to arms |
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Where is the lunber plexus located and where do they go?
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-in lower back
-nerves go to legs |
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Where is the sacral plexus located and where do they go?
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-in pelvis
-nerves go to legs |
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What is the conus medialis?
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-Where cord ends and caudal equina begins
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Why do we have plexis's?
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-If a nerve is diseases or damaged, can send motor info from another nerve to the area where the damaged nerve was
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What is the grey matter in the spinal cord?
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-anterior horn
-lateral horn -posterior horn -grey comissive |
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What white matter is in the spinal cord?
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-anterior funiculus
-lateral funiculus (bulge) -posterior funiculus -white commissive (lets horns communicate) |
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What are the mixed nerves?
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-somatic sensory (from senses)
-viseral sensory (from internal organs) -autonomic motor (goes to internal organs) -somatic motor (goes to muscles) |
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How do impulses travel to the spinal cord?
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-impulses go through axons of sensory neurons, which go throuhg posterior root and end in posterior horn of grey matter
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How do impulses travel away from the spinal cord?
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-Dendrites of motor neurons start in lateral and anterior horns of grey matter and go out through anterior root
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How do sensory and motor neurons communicate with each other?
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-Through interneurons in cord
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