Anatomical Terms Ch1 A&p Lab

Front 1

median plane

Back 1

divides the body into equal left and right halves

Front 2

sagittal plane

Back 2

divides the body into left and right parts that are not necessarily equal

Front 3

transverse plane

Back 3

dividues the body into cranial and caudal parts

Front 4

dorsal plane

Back 4

dividues the body into dorsal and ventral parts

Front 5

left

Back 5

the animal's left

Front 6

right

Back 6

the animal's right

Front 7

cranial

Back 7

-towards the head

-also toward the "front surface of a limb proximal to the carpus or tarsus

Front 8

caudual

Back 8

-towards the tail

-also the "back" surface of a limb proximal to the carpus or tarsus

Front 9

rostral

Back 9

toward the tip of the nose (used only on the head)

Front 10

dorsal

Back 10

-toward the top (backbone) surface of the body

-also the top/front surface of a limb distal to the carpus or tarsus

Front 11

ventral

Back 11

toward the bottom (belly) surface of the body

Front 12

medial

Back 12

toward the median plane

Front 13

lateral

Back 13

away from the median plane

Front 14

deep

Back 14

toward the center of the body or a body part

Front 15

superficial

Back 15

toward the surface of the body or a body part

Front 16

proximal

Back 16

toward the body (used for appendages)

Front 17

distal

Back 17

away from the body (used for appendages)

Front 18

palmar

Back 18

ground/back surface of front limb distal to the carpus

Front 19

plantar

Back 19

ground/back surface of hind limb distal to the tarsus

Front 20

dorsal recumbency

Back 20

the position an animal is lying in when lying on its back with its belly facing upward

Front 21

sternal recumbency

Back 21

the position an animal is lying in when lying on its sternum with its back facing upward

Front 22

lateral recumbency

Back 22

the position an animal is lying in when an animal is lying on its side

Front 23

oblique recumbency

Back 23

the position an animal is lying in when an animal is tilted between dorsal or sternal recumbency and lateral recumbency; referred to by a combination of the other position terms

Front 24

left lateral recumbency

Back 24

the animal is lying on its side with its left side down

Front 25

right lateral recumbency

Back 25

the animal is lying on its side with the right side down

Front 26

barrel

Back 26

trunk of the body, formed by the rib cage and the abdomen

Front 27

flank

Back 27

lateral surface of the abdomen between the last rib and the hind legs

Front 28

brisket

Back 28

area at the base of the neck between the front legs that covers the cranial end of the sternum

Front 29

poll

Back 29

top of the head between the bases of the ears

Front 30

muzzle

Back 30

rostral part of the face formed mainly by the maxillary and nasal bones

Front 31

withers

Back 31

area dorsal to the scapulas

Front 32

tailhead

Back 32

dorsal part of the base of the tail

Front 33

hock

Back 33

tarsus

Front 34

stifle

Back 34

femorotibial/femoropatellar joint - equivalent to human knee

Front 35

fetlock

Back 35

joint between cannon bone (large metacarpal/metatarsal) and the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

Front 36

knee

Back 36

carpus of hoofed animals

Front 37

cannon

Back 37

large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals

Front 38

pastern

Back 38

area of the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

Front 39

dental arch

Back 39

the complete arched arrangement of upper or lower teeth

Front 40

dental arch is aka

Back 40

dental arcade

Front 41

dental quadrant

Back 41

the left or right half of each dental arch

Front 42

incisor teeth

Back 42

the most rostral group of teeth

Front 43

canine teeth

Back 43

the teeth located just lateral to the incisor teeth

Front 44

premolar teeth

Back 44

the rostral cheek teeth

Front 45

molar teeth

Back 45

the caudal cheek teeth

Front 46

crown

Back 46

the exposed part of a tooth above the gum line

Front 47

root

Back 47

the hidden part of a tooth below the gum line

Front 48

coronal

Back 48

toward the crown of a tooth

Front 49

apical

Back 49

toward the tip of the root of a tooth

Front 50

gingival

Back 50

toward the gingiva (gum)

Front 51

furcation

Back 51

the area where the roots of a multirooted tooth join the crown

Front 52

Mesial (for canine, premolar, & molar teeth)

Back 52

the surface or edge of the canine, premolar or molar teeth facing toward the rostral edge of the mouth

Front 53

Mesial (for incisor teeth)

Back 53

the surface or edge of the incisor teeth facing towards the center (midline)

Front 54

Distal (for canine, premolar, & molar teeth)

Back 54

the surface or edge of the canine, premolar or molar teeth facing toward the caudal end of the mouth

Front 55

Distal (for incisor teeth)

Back 55

the surface or edge of the incisor teeth farthest from the center (midline)

Front 56

buccal

Back 56

surface of a tooth facing the cheeks

Front 57

palatal

Back 57

surface of an upper tooth facing the hard palate

Front 58

labial

Back 58

surface of a tooth facing the lips

Front 59

lingual

Back 59

surface of a lower tooth facing the tongue

Front 60

incisal edge

Back 60

the cutting edge of a sharp tooth's crown

Front 61

occlusal surface

Back 61

the flat grinding surface of molar teeth

Front 62

interproximal space

Back 62

space between adjascent teeth

Front 63

interproximal surface

Back 63

surface of a tooth that faces an adjacent tooth