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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endogenous Neurotransmitters
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Enkephalin
Endorphins Produced by the body to inhibit pain |
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Agonist
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Cause an analgesic response
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Partial Agonist
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AKA: Partial Agonist, Agonist Antagonist, or Mixed Agonist
Produce a weaker pain relief that Agonists but shouldn't be mixed with Agonist |
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Opioid Indications
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Balanced Anesthesia
Treatment of Diarrhea Cough Suppression |
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Opioid Contridiction
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Drug allergy
Asthma or respiratory insufficiency Increased Intra cranial Pressure Pregnancy |
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Opioids (Adverse Effects)
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Euphoria, CNS depressions, N & V, Respiratory depression, urinary retention, diaphoreses & flushing, pupil constriction, constipation and itching
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Naloxone (Narcan)
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Opioid Antagonist
Reverse opioids |
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Naltrexone (Revia)
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Prevents opioids from binding through competitive inhibition. Partial of complete reversal of opiods
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Opiod Withdrawal (Abstinence)
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Anxiety, irritability, chills & hot flashes, joint pain, lacrimation, diaphoreses, N & V, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, confusion
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Acetaminophen
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Analgesic & antipyretic
Not an anti inflammatory Added to opiods Inhibits prostoglandins to create affect |
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Acetaminophen (Uses)
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Mild to Moderate Pain Control
Fever Alternative to Aspirin |
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Acetaminophen (Toxicity/overdose)
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Hepatic Necrosis
Nephropathy Antidose: (Acetylacysteine) Max does 4000 mg of Acetaminophen |
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Acetaminophen (Contraindications)
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Interacts with alcohol
Liver dysfunction Liver failure w/other hepatoxic drugs |
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Acetaminophen (OD signs)
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Breaths less than 12/min
Dysnea, shallow breathing Orthostatic Hypotension |
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Morphine Sulfate
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Opioid
Very Constipating Renal Toxic |
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Codeine Sulfate (methylmorphine)
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Less effective than morphine
Cough suppressant Added to acetaminophen often |
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Fentanyl
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Moderate to severe treatment of pain
High abuse tolerance Not for opioid naive Sublimaze(Tansdermal patch) Duragez(lozenge) Actiq (lollipop) |
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Meperidine Hydrochloride
(Demerol, Pethidine) |
Accumulates in body after 48 hrs
Toxic effects Contraindicated in ppl taking MAOI's Oral liquid and injectable form |
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Methadone Hydrochloride
(Dolophine) |
Sythetic opioid
Used for detoxification programs Readily absorbed through the GI tract Eliminated through the liver Short half life |
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Oxycodone Hydrochloride
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Very similar to Morphine
Only Available in tablet form Aspirin (Percodan) Acetaminophen (Percocet) Acetaminophen & hydrocodone (Vicoden, Lorcet, Lortab) |
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Agonist -Antagonist
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Some pain relief or competitive inhibition of Agonist
Partial Agonists: buprenorphine (Buprenex), butorphanol (Staldol), naluphine (Nubain), Pentazocine (Talwin) |
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Agonist-Antagonist (Indications)
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Short term pain treatments
Less addictive Fewer withdrawal symptoms |
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Opioid Antagonist
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Naloxone Hydrochloride (Narcan)
Naltrexone Hydrochloride (Re Via, Texan) |
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Tramadol Hydrochloride (Ultam)
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Treatment of Moderate to moderately severe pain management
Not currently classified as a controlled substance Not an opioid or NSAID |
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Tramadol (Side Effects)
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Similar to Opioid Side effects
Eliminated through kidneys |
