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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Frequency of resonation of casium ion
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Measurement of time
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Distance traved per uint of time
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Velocity
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Rate of change of velocity
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acceleration
m/sec^2 |
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Gives acceleration to mass
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Force
F= ma kg/m/sec^2 or Newton |
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Mass per unit volume
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Density
= kg/m^3 |
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Force per unit area
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Pressure
= F/A Pascal or Newton/m^2 |
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Force moving an object to a distance
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Work
= F x distance Newton meter or Joules |
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Capacity to do work
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Energy
Joules |
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Rate of performing work
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Power
= Joules/sec or Watt |
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Mass that have certain velocity
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Momentum
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At constant temperature,
Volume is inv to absolute pressure |
Boyles law
V=k 1/P or PV=k |
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At constant pressure,
Volume is direct to absolute temp |
Charles law
V=k T |
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At constant volume,
pressure is direct to temperature |
Gay lussac's law
P=k T |
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Combined gas law
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PV=nRT
or P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 |
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In a mixture of gases, the pressure exerted by each gas is the same as that it would exert if it alone occupied the container
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Dalton Law of partial pressure
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Equal volumes of gasses
at same temp & pressure contain same number of molecules |
Avogardo hypothesis
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At STP, 1 gm of any gas occupies
22.5 L and contains 6.022 x 10^23 molecules |
Avogardo number
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Amount of gas in N2O cylinder that weighs 3kg
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(using Avogardo)
44g will give 22.5 L 1g = 22.5/44 3000 g= (22.5/44)x3000 = 1534 L |
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-118 C
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Critical temp of Oxygen
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36.4 C
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Critical temp of Nitrous
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-147
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Critical temp of Nitrogen
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-142
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Critical temp of Air
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-7 C
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Pseudo critical temp of Entonox
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Mass of nitrous oxide in cylinder divided by mass of water that the cylinder could hold
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Filling ratio
0.67 ( 90% liquid 10% vapour) |
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Pressure conversion
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760 mm Hg =
100.325 kpa 1.01 bar 14.7 PSI 10.33 meter of H2O |
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Heidbrink valve
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Pressure relief valve
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Property of fluid that resists the flow.
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Viscocity or n
=Pressure x[velocity grad/ layer distance ] ( Pascal seconds) |
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Increases with increase in temperature for gases
Decreases with increae in temprature for liquids |
Viscocity
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Hagen Poiseuile
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Laminar flow in tube=
pi/8 [ dP x r^4 /nl] |
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-point beyond which flow is turbulent
-Reynolds number |
- Critical point
RN=[ Density xVelocity xRadius]/n |
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Flow through orifice depends upon
1. 2. 3. |
1. Density
2. Sq root of pressure 3. Sq of diameter ( D of He=0.16 vs O2=1.3) |
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A phenomenon whereby
gas flow throgh a tube with two venturi tends to cling on one side. |
Coanda effect
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1. Tendency to loose or gain heat
2. A form of energy |
1. Temperature
2. Heat |
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Temperature at which water exists in solid, liquid and gas.
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Triple point
0.01 C or 273.15 K |
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Energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of substance by one degree
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Specific heat
less for dry gas humidification necessary |
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Energy required to convert a unit of liquid into vapour without change in temperature
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Latent heat of vapourization
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Output of vapourizer depends upon
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1. saturated vapour pressure
2. Temperature 3. Splitting ratio 4. Area 5. Flow rate 6. Duration of use |
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1. Mass of water vapour in a given volume of gas
2. Mass of water vap present to a mass reuired to fully saturate the gas at given temperature |
1. Absolute Humidity
2. Relative humidity (Hair Hygrometer, wet/dry, Regnaults) 6.3kpa/47mmHg --> 44mg/L @37C |
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At given temperature,
amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is directly propotional to its partial pressure |
Henry's law
Hen-Pressure cooker |
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Solubility coefficients
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Bunsen:
vol of gas dissolve in a unit vol of liquid at given Temp and at 1 ATM. Ostwald: vol of gas dissolve in a unit vol of liquid at given Temp. |
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Ratio of amount of substance in one phase compared with a second phase when both pases are of equal volume and in equilibirium,
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Partition coefficint:
Applied to gas and liquids (cf Oswald) define Temp but not pressure |
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Diffusion depends uopn concentration of a substance
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Fick law
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Diffusion is inversely propotional to sqaure root of MW
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Graham law
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Osmosis
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1g of solute in 22.5 L of solvent @ 273 K exerts 1 bar of pressure
Oncotic: 1 mosmol Total = 300 mosmol (6.5bar) |
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Quantity of electric charge that passes at some point when one Amp current flows for 1 sec
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Coulomb= Amp x sec
Defibrilator Joules= C x Voltage |
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Coherence
Collimation Monochromacity |
Laser
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Concentration of O2 and fuel at which combustion utlises all the substance
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Stochiometric concentration
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Mixture in which solvents are present in such a ratio that they cannot be seperated by simple distilation.
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Azeotrope
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Resistance of floor of operating system
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25-50 kilo ohum
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