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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anaerobes:
(1) natural habitat (2) def colonization resistance (3) physiologic role (4) infections seen w/...? |
(1) mucocutaneous
(2) prevent colonization of more pathogenic bacteria (3) vit K, bile production (4) antibiotics, mucosal disruption |
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Clostridium tetani
Features: (1) gram stain (2) sporulation (3) environ habitat (4) O2 requirement |
(1) gram-pos
(2) yes spores (3) soil (4) strict anaerobe |
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Clostridium tetani
Clinical Manifestations: (1) name of tetanus toxin (2) mech of toxin entry (3) mech of toxin action (4) clinical sx (5) treatment (6) vaccine |
(1) tetanospasmin
(2) presyn lower motor neuron -> retrograde to soma of inhib itory cells (3) degrade synaptobrevin -> no neurotrans docking (4) muscle rigidity (5) benzodiazepenes (6) tetanus toxoid |
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Clostridium botulinum
Features: (1) gram strain (2) sporulation (3) toxins (4) O2 requirement |
(1) gram-pos
(2) yes spores (3) toxins A to G (4) strict anaerobe |
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Clostridium botulinum
Clinical Manifestations: (1) toxin acts on what part of CNS? (2) mech of action (3) clincal subtypes (4) clincial sx (5) treatment |
(1) periph NMJ + ANS
(2) prevent Ach release (3) foodborne, infant, wound (4) symmetric DESCENDING weakness; intact sensory (5) antitoxin, wound debridement |
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Clostridium perfringens
Features: (1) natural habitats (2) O2 requirement (3) gas production (4) infections/clincal sx |
(1) soil, vertebrate GIs
(2) aerotolerant (3) H2, N2 gas (4) enteritis necroticans (pig bel), gas gangrene, food poisoning |
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Clostridium perfringens
Pig Bel (enteritis necroticans): (1) Endemic in which country? (2) clincal presentation |
(1) Papua New Guinea
(2) segmental GI necrosis |
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Clostridial myonecrosis (gas gangrene):
(1) clinical features (2) two toxins + functions |
(1) rapid muscle necrosis, no bleeding
(2) α-toxin = tissue necrosis, Ɵ-toxin = hemolysis |
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Clostridium septicum:
(1) common infection (2) usu pts (3) 80% association w/...? |
(1) Neutropenic enterocolitis (typhilitis)
(2) necrosis, hemorrhage of cecum (3) underlying GI malignancy |
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Clostridium difficile:
(1) associated sx (2) risk factors |
(1) nosocomial diarrhea
(2) antimicrobials, hospital stay, elderly pts |
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Bacteroides:
(1) gram stain (2) synergy (3) virulence (4) syndromes |
(1) gram-neg (only one we learned!)
(2) usu co-infect w/ other species (3) capsule, pili; -ases (hyalorunidase, collagenase, neuraminidase, heparinase) (4) Lemierre = neck Vincent = floor of mouth Ludwig = gingivitis |
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Anaerobic Cocci:
(1) gram stain (2) species #1 (3) species #2 |
(1) gram-pos
(2) Peptostreptococcus = abscess of brain, lung, female GU (3) Veillonella = usu contaminant; osteomyelitis, periodontitis |
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Gram-Positive Non-Spore Anaerobes:
(1) examples (2) pathogenicity (3) natural habitats |
(1) Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium, Bifidobacterium
(2) rarely pathogenic (3) skin, oral, bowel, GU mucosa |
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Actinomyces israelii:
(1) gram stain (2) O2 requirement (3) normal colonization (4) classic sx (5) assoc diseases (6) Treatment |
(1) gram-pos
(2) microaerophilic (3) vagina, colon, mouth (4) wooden lesion, slow growth, sulfur granules, lumpy jaw (5) oral-cervicofacial, thoracic = chest wall mass, abd = can lead to sinus tract, pelvic = IUCD (6) surgery + antibiotics for 6-12 mos |
