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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
list G- anaerobes:
Bacteroides fragilis
Prevotella
Porphromonas
Fusobacterium
list Anaerobic spore-forming, G+ rod:
Clostridium
list anaerobic non-spore forming G+ :
G+ cocci:
Peptostreptococcus, Strepyococcus
G+ rod:
Propionibacterium acnes: acne
Actinomyces
when can moderate anaerobes grow?
grow when PO2 is 3% or less
when can strict anaerobes grow?
require PO2 under 0.5%
**aerointolerant
why are strict anaerobes so aerointolerant?
Lack a superoxide dismutase to detoxify superoxide formed in the presence of oxygen
where are anaerobes found?
Mouth:
Gingival crevices, teeth, saliva
Gastrointestinal tract:the colon
anaerobes outnumber aerobes 1000:1
Nasal washing, endocervix, vagina
Anaerobes outnumber aerobes 5:1
what kind of infections are associated w/ anaerobes?
Infections usually are endogenous
-usually occurs when there is a breach in the body surface or a failure of the immune system
what's bad about getting a breach in tissue?
allows the organisms to leave their usual niche and spread into the tissues
when there is a breach, how do infections start and how do they end?
Infections often start as mixed infections (often with E. coli). As the infection progresses and the tissue becomes anoxic, the anaerobe predominates
what kind of infecs can you get in mouth, sinuses and respiratory tract?
aspiration or nosocomial pneumonia
what kind of infections can you get in GI?
appendicitis, intra-abdominal abscess
what's prototypical endogenous anaerobic pathogen, ?
Bacteroides fragilis
what's Bacteroides fragilis a common cause of?
abdominal abscesses
what are Bacteroides fragilis' pathogenicity factors?
-Capsule inhibits phagocytosis, interferes with intraleukocytic killing
-Secretes B. fragilis toxin (BFT) and extracellular enzymes
how do you diagnose a Bacteroides fragilis infection?
specimens should be collected and transported to the laboratory in an oxygen-free system
how do you treat a Bacteroides fragilis infec?
antibiotics (metronidazole for anti-anaerobic infection)
+ surgery
+ antibiotics for anti-G- aerobic infection for mixed infection
what type of bacteria is Bacteroides fragilis?
anaerobic
G- rod
what type of bacteria is Actinomyces israellii?
Anaerobic
G+ Rods
-Filamentous bacteria that fragment (not acid fast)
what does Actinomyces israellii colonize?
upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, etc
what type of disease does Actinomyces israellii?
chronic, slowly developing disease
what's Actinomycosis?
development of chronic granulomatous lesions that become suppurative and form abscesses connected by sinus tract
what are the symptoms of Actinomycosis?
-Cervicofacial abscesses in patients with poor oral hygiene or undergone invasive dental procedure
-Sulfur granules: macroscopic colonies like grains of sand
what's the treatment for Actinomycosis?
Pen G plus surgical intervention
what kind of bac is Peptostreptococcus?
Anaerobic
G+ Cocci
where can you find Peptostreptococcus?
Indigenous flora of the mouth, GI tract, genital tract
what symptoms can a Peptostreptococcus infection cause?
Wound infections, aspiration pneumonia, lung abscesses, brain abscesses, chronic otitis media, OBGYN infections
what are the "sulfur granules"?
chunk of actinomycosis