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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
list G- anaerobes:
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Bacteroides fragilis
Prevotella Porphromonas Fusobacterium |
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list Anaerobic spore-forming, G+ rod:
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Clostridium
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list anaerobic non-spore forming G+ :
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G+ cocci:
Peptostreptococcus, Strepyococcus G+ rod: Propionibacterium acnes: acne Actinomyces |
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when can moderate anaerobes grow?
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grow when PO2 is 3% or less
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when can strict anaerobes grow?
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require PO2 under 0.5%
**aerointolerant |
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why are strict anaerobes so aerointolerant?
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Lack a superoxide dismutase to detoxify superoxide formed in the presence of oxygen
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where are anaerobes found?
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Mouth:
Gingival crevices, teeth, saliva Gastrointestinal tract:the colon anaerobes outnumber aerobes 1000:1 Nasal washing, endocervix, vagina Anaerobes outnumber aerobes 5:1 |
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what kind of infections are associated w/ anaerobes?
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Infections usually are endogenous
-usually occurs when there is a breach in the body surface or a failure of the immune system |
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what's bad about getting a breach in tissue?
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allows the organisms to leave their usual niche and spread into the tissues
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when there is a breach, how do infections start and how do they end?
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Infections often start as mixed infections (often with E. coli). As the infection progresses and the tissue becomes anoxic, the anaerobe predominates
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what kind of infecs can you get in mouth, sinuses and respiratory tract?
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aspiration or nosocomial pneumonia
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what kind of infections can you get in GI?
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appendicitis, intra-abdominal abscess
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what's prototypical endogenous anaerobic pathogen, ?
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Bacteroides fragilis
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what's Bacteroides fragilis a common cause of?
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abdominal abscesses
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what are Bacteroides fragilis' pathogenicity factors?
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-Capsule inhibits phagocytosis, interferes with intraleukocytic killing
-Secretes B. fragilis toxin (BFT) and extracellular enzymes |
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how do you diagnose a Bacteroides fragilis infection?
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specimens should be collected and transported to the laboratory in an oxygen-free system
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how do you treat a Bacteroides fragilis infec?
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antibiotics (metronidazole for anti-anaerobic infection)
+ surgery + antibiotics for anti-G- aerobic infection for mixed infection |
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what type of bacteria is Bacteroides fragilis?
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anaerobic
G- rod |
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what type of bacteria is Actinomyces israellii?
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Anaerobic
G+ Rods -Filamentous bacteria that fragment (not acid fast) |
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what does Actinomyces israellii colonize?
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upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, etc
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what type of disease does Actinomyces israellii?
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chronic, slowly developing disease
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what's Actinomycosis?
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development of chronic granulomatous lesions that become suppurative and form abscesses connected by sinus tract
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what are the symptoms of Actinomycosis?
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-Cervicofacial abscesses in patients with poor oral hygiene or undergone invasive dental procedure
-Sulfur granules: macroscopic colonies like grains of sand |
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what's the treatment for Actinomycosis?
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Pen G plus surgical intervention
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what kind of bac is Peptostreptococcus?
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Anaerobic
G+ Cocci |
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where can you find Peptostreptococcus?
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Indigenous flora of the mouth, GI tract, genital tract
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what symptoms can a Peptostreptococcus infection cause?
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Wound infections, aspiration pneumonia, lung abscesses, brain abscesses, chronic otitis media, OBGYN infections
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what are the "sulfur granules"?
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chunk of actinomycosis
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