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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the bones of the shoulder girdle?
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Scapula & clavicle
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What is the only energy source for contractile activities?
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ATP
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What is the difference between isotonic and isometric?
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Isotonic: a contraction in which tension remains constant as muscle shortens or lengthens
Isometric: a muscle contraction that produces tension in a muscle |
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What is the difference between concentric vs eccentric?
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Concentric: muscle shortens, must overcome antigravity or resistance
Eccentric: muscle lengthens, yields to gravity on resistance |
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What does the long thoracic nerve do?
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Innervates serratus anterior, weakened protraction, upward rotation, contributes to winged scapula
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What are the fiber arrangements that make the strongest muscles?
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Multipennate
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In a pushup, what are the muscles that act on the scapula?
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Protraction: pec minor & serratus anterior
Retraction: middle traps & rhomboids |
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All movements of the scapula take place at which joint?
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Sternoclavicular joint (SC)
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Which muscles attach to the greater tubercle of the humerus?
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Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
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Which muscle attaches to the lesser tubercle of the humerus?
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Subscapularis
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What does the brachial plexus consist of?
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C5-C8, T1 ventral rami
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What is the origin of biceps?
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Short head: coracoid process
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle |
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What is the insertion of biceps?
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Radial tuberosity
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What is the action of biceps?
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Flexion
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What is the origin of triceps?
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Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head: above spiral groove Medial head: below spiral groove |
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What is the insertion of triceps?
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Olecranon process
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What is the action of triceps?
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Extension
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Which muscles make up the walls of the axilla?
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Anterior wall: pec major
Posterior wall: latissimus doris & teres major |
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Which shoulder muscles medially rotate?
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Subscapularis, anterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, pec major
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Which shoulder muscles laterally rotate?
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Infraspinatous, teres minor, posterior deltoid
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What are the locations of the tubercles on the humerus?
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Greater tubercle: Medial
Lesser tubercle: Lateral |
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What is the origin of coracobrachialis?
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Coracoid process
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What is the insertion of coracobrachialis?
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Medial middle third of the humerus
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Which muscles insert on the bicipital groove?
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Latissimus dorsi, teres major, pec major
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What does the anatomical snuffbox consist of?
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Extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus, radial artery
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What structures does the hypothenar eminance consist of?
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Flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi
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What structures make up the thenar eminance?
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Flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis
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What is the strongest elbow flexor?
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Brachialis
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Which carpal bone forms the saddle joint of the thumb?
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Trapezium
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What adducts the lesser fingers?
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Palmar interossei
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What abducts the lesser fingers?
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Dorsal interossei
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Which muscles are involved in carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Flexor retinaculum, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus
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Which structures make up the funny bone?
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Medial epicondyle and ulnar nerve
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What is the only thumb muscle solely innervated by the ulnar nerve?
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Adductor pollicis
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Which muscles attach to the iliotibial band?
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TFL & gluteus maximus
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What is your sit to stand muscle?
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Gluteus maximus
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Which exercise strengthens iliopsoas?
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Straight leg sit ups
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Which muscles attach to the greater trochanter?
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Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus & deep six lateral rotators
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Which muscles attach to the lesser trochanter?
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Iliopsoas
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What is the strongest hip flexor?
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Iliopsoas
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What is the strongest hip extensor?
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Gluteus maximus
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The sciatic nerve mostly supplies which side of the thigh?
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Posterior side (hamstrings)
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What attaches to the linea aspera?
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biceps femoris, adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis & pectineus
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What is the common action for the pes anserine muscles?
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Flex the knee
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What attaches to the gluteal tuberosity?
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Gluteus maximus
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What do you do at the joints to stretch the hamstrings?
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Extend the knee and flex the hip
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What attaches to the ASIS?
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Sartorius
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What attaches to the AIIS?
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Rectus femoris
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Which tarsal has no muscular attachments?
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Talus
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What attaches to the adductor tubercle?
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Adductor magnus
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What is the femoral triangle made up of?
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Sartorius, inguinal ligament, adductor longus
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What are the actions of TFL?
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Abduction, medial rotation
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What is the common origin for hamstrings?
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Ischial tuberosity
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Which muscles are innervated by the sciatic nerve?
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Hamstrings, posterior head of adductor magnus
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Which muscles are innervated by the femoral nerve?
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Quadriceps, sartorius, pectineus, iliopsoas
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Which muscles attach to the iliac crest?
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Gluteus minimus, gluteus maximus
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Which muscles pass behind the lateral malleolus?
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Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis
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What is the deepest posterior crural muscle?
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Tibialis posterior
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Injury to the common peroneal nerve affects which muscles?
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Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus
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Injury to the deep peroneal nerve affects which muscles?
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Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius
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Injury to the superficial peroneal nerve affects which muscles?
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Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis
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How do you stretch quads?
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Flex the knee
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Which muscle maintains the longitudinal arch?
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Flexor digitorum longus
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What is the action of popliteus?
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Flexion & medial rotation
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Which muscle is important for propulsion during ambulation?
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Flexor hallucis longus
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Which muscles attach to the Achilles Tendon?
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Gastrocnemius & plantaris
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What is the strongest plantarflexor?
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Soleus
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What is the strongest dorsiflexor?
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Tibialis anterior
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Which muscle opens the eye?
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Levator palpebrae superioris
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Which muscle closes the eye?
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Orbicularis oculi
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Which muscles elevate the corners of the mouth?
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Levator anguli oris, zygomatic major
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Which muscles depress the corners of the mouth?
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Depressor anguli oris, depressor labi inferioris
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What is another term for Bell's Palsy?
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Paralysis of facial muscles
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What is the suck and blow muscle?
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Buccinator
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What inserts into the capsule of the TMJ?
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TMJ capsule
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The brachial plexus exits through these muscles?
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Anterior and middle scalenes
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Entrapment of the suboccipital nerve causes what?
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Headaches
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What is Morton's Neuroma?
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Nerve growth between metatarsals
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What is pes cavus?
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High arch
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What is pes planus?
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Flat foot
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What is an inversion sprain?
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Most common ankle injury
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What is plantar fasciitis?
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Heel spur
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What is ITB Friction Syndrome?
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Runners Knee (Lateral Femoral Epicondylitis)
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What is tennis elbow?
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Lateral epicondylitis
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What is golfer's elbow?
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Medial epicondylitis
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What are the lumbricals?
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Writing muscles
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