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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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100-kb element that confers resistance to sulfonamides (sul2). This island is transferrable between other V. cholerae isolates and between V. cholerae and E. coli. STX is an example of an Integrative Conjugative Element (ICE) |
SXT |
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in the pandemic of Salmonella Typhimurium; __ , a 43-kb SGI1 island exists in the chromosome. This is responsible for the ACSSuT phenotype. |
DT104 |
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in the pandemic Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 a 43-kb SGI1 island exists in the chromosome. This is responsible for the __ phenotype. |
ACSSuT |
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in Staphylococcus aureus five __ elements are recognised. All carry the mecA gene that encodes resistance to methicillin (mediated by the PBP2a protein). |
SCCmec |
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in Staphylococcus aureus five SCCmec elements are recognised. All carry the __ gene that encodes resistance to methicillin (mediated by the PBP2a protein). |
mecA |
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in Staphylococcus aureus five SCCmec elements are recognised. All carry the mecA gene that encodes resistance to __ (mediated by the PBP2a protein). |
methicillin |
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recently identified in Pasteurella multocida. This novel mobile element confers resistance to more than three different classes of antimicrobial compound |
ICEPmu1 element |
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markers that are being reported in Salmonella and other zoonotic food-borne bacterial pathogens –a feature which may increase the risk of therapeutic failure in vulnerable humans |
ESBL (Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) |
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Full-blown resistance from __ with single point mutation. |
campylobacter |
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campylobacter exhibits a __ which results in the rapid emergence of resistance and lacks many of the enzymes that function in the repair of damaged DNA |
hypermutable phenotype |
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same genes or closely related genes are identified in bacteria of different species --- suggests that __ is occurring between bacteria of the same species as well as among un-related species |
Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) |
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all play an important part in HGT |
plasmids, transposons, integrons and gene cassettes along with choromosomal genomic islands |
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act as vector for transposons and intergenes |
Plasmids |
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do not possess replicative systems and therefore these gene structures must integrate into either the chromosome of a bacterium or a resident plasmid |
transposons |
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smallest version of a transposon |
insertion sequences |
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insertion sequences (IS) elements are the smallest version of a transposon structure and these contain a__, which catalyses the integration and excision of the element |
transposase enzyme-encoding gene |
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usually contain one central antibiotic resistance-encoding gene (such as Tn5; Tn10) |
Composite Transposons |
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characterised by terminal inverted repeats |
Complex Transposons |
