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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two main side effects with the aminoglycosides ?
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Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
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Name the aminoglcyosides
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Gentamicin, Tobramicin, Amikacin, Neomycin and streptomycin
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Which one is the MOST toxic ?
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neomycin
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Which one is the LEAST toxic ?
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streptomycin
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How do they work ?
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they disrupt protein synthesis and cause cell death
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What are two unique factors about the aminoglycosides as they relate to the action of the drug ?
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They are concentration dependent AND also have a post antibiotic effect
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How does concentration dependent and PAI affect prescribing ?
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Studies have shown these characteristics make once daily dosing just as (if not more) effective AND least toxic to the patient
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The major side effects of ototoxicity and nephrotocicity are related to peak or trough levels ?
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They are related to excessive trough levels
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Aminoglycosides are effective against...
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aerobic gram negative bacilli such as enterobacter; psuedemonas, klebsiella, serratia and E.coli
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Aminoglycosides are primarily used for what type of infection ?
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nosocomial infections
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What kind of adjustments would make for a renal patient when prescribing an aminoglycoside ?
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Either reduce the dose or increase the dosing interval
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What three factors increase the risk of ototoxicity ?
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renal impairment; use with ethacrynic acid; using > 10 days
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High peak levels will increase nephrotoxicity. True or False ?
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False..nephrotoxicity is related to excessive total cumulative doses and excessive trough levels
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Which two aminoglycosides are used in topical admin ?
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Bacitracin and neomycin
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What is another rare side effect of the aminoglycosides ?
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neuromuscular blockade
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