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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amino Acid |
building blocks of proteins and intermediaries essential for metabolism. 20 present in proteins.Each protein had unique characterization determined and chem property determined by amino acid sequence |
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10 amino acids produced by the body |
alanin, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glysine, proline, serine, tyrosine |
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amino acids that must be ingested (essential) |
arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylinine, threonine, tryptophan, valine |
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branch-chained amino acid |
(3) isoleucine, leucine, and valine 35% of a.a in muscle tissue used to metabolize source of fuel during exercise nitrogen balance |
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nitrogen balance of bcaa |
sufficient nitrogen= pos. enviro ideal for growth insufficient= neg. enviro impossible for growth macronutrient be increased during training |
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Arginine (essential aa) |
stimulate release of growth hormone precursor to creatine aids body in liver detoxification |
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Histidine (essential aa) |
essential for infants and athletes growth and repair of tissues digestion and production of gastric juices formation of red and white blood cells |
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Isoleucine (essential) |
BCAA source of energy metabolized in muscle tissue during exercise formation of hemoglobin regulating blood sugar level |
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Leucine(essential) |
BCAA primary aa used for energy higher concentrations at rest 90% used for energy(endurance athletes) may stimulate insulin may be involved in protein synthesis |
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Lysine(essential) |
growth and development repair connective tissue proper development of bone tissue formation of collagen and certain enzymes |
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Methionine (essential) |
growth and development process of transmethylation removal of waste from liver breakdown of fats and prevents build up essential for synthesis of choline and lecithin |
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Phenylalinine (essential) |
appetite control precursor to epinephrine and norepinephrine which are vital for memory and tissue growth and repair precursor to tyrosine |
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Threonine (essential) |
prevention of fatty acid build up formation of collagen and elastin |
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Tryptophan (essential)) |
supporting role of B vitamins increasing GH increase cardio capacity and endurance |
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Valine (essential) |
BCAA energy source during exercise needed for tissue repair nitrogen balance and muscle metabolism |
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Alanine (non-essential) |
converts glycogen and pyruvate into energy (Glucose-Alanine Cycle) supplementation helpful in prevention of muscle breakdown and minimizing glycogen depletion |
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Asparagine (non-essential) |
aids the central nervous system prevents from extreme nervousness or calmness |
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Aspartic Acid |
involved in Krebs cycle and urea cycle reduces blood ammonia after exercise increase stamina and reduce fatigue |
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Cysteine (non-essential) |
precursor to glutathione rid body of toxins and preserve cells assists in destroying free radicals aids in weight loss energy production |
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Glutamic Acid (non-essential) |
involved in Krebs cycle assists in removing ammonia needed when energy is produced by BCAA source of brain fuel conditionally essential important during intense training and power exercises counter balance cortisol |
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Glutamine (non-essential) |
proper functioning of brain can act as neurotransmitter (glutamic acid) essential to immune system vital role in cellular replication |
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Glycine (non-essential) |
precursor to numerous vital substances needed for proper function (protein, DNA,phospholipids, creatine) eliminate phenols from liver CNS acts as neurotransmitter with inhibitory response |
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Proline (non-essential) |
role in collagen- high concentrations in the form of hydroxyproline healing of collagen and cartilage strengthen joints, tendons and hrt muscle |
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Serine (non-essential) |
precursor to many substances (choline and phospholipids) metabolism of fats and fatty acids aids in muscle growth and production of immunoglobins and antibodies promotes healthy immune system |
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Tyrosine (non-essential) |
precursor for neurotransmitters (dopamine,norepinephrine) appetite control melatonin production |
