Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Populists
|
Political doctrine or philosophy that aims to defend interests of the common people against a corrupt/elite government.
*More radical than progressives |
|
|
Jacob Riis
|
Photography pioneer: used photo journalism to help poor laborers/lower class
|
|
|
George Washington Plunkitt
|
Ward boss--NY's "Tammany Hall Machine"
|
|
|
tenement
|
a rundown apartment house barely meeting minimal standards--low income housing
|
|
|
urbanization
|
the process of human movement and centralization towards and into cities and urban areas
|
|
|
Jane Addams and Hull House
|
Jane Addams: founder of Hull house and social worker. Hull house was a settlement house for the poor and offered night schooling..almost like a community center
|
|
|
Progressives
|
Nativists that favored political reform, used populist ideas but less radically.
|
|
|
Lester Ward
|
1st president of American Sociological Association
|
|
|
Muckrakers
|
A journalist, author, or filmmaker that investigates and exposes societal issues. Ex: Upton Sinclair
|
|
|
Social Gospel movement
|
Reapplicator of Christian principles to social problems as seen in progressivism & "Christians Against Poverty"
|
|
|
Ida Tarbell
|
Leading muckraker, wrote "History of Standard Oil Company"
|
|
|
Walter Rauschenbusch
|
Christian Minister, part of social gospel movement. Wrote "Christianity and the Social Crisis"
|
|
|
Florence Kelley
|
abolitionist republican, went to Hull House, served as a factory inspector. Helped establish Food and Drug Act of 1906 and founded the National Consumers league.
|
|
|
National Consumers League
|
Founded in 1899. Set and produced standards to help consumer safety.
|
|
|
Ida B. Wells
|
Muckraker: exposed black lynchings in the South
|
|
|
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
|
Civil rights organization; fought Jim Crow laws, Ida B. Wells attended 1st meeting
|
|
|
Robert LaFollette
|
Progressive politician: 20th governer of wisconsin, ran for president. Anarchist that advocated election reforms. (Primaries, recall, workmen's compensation laws)
|
|
|
Initiative
|
A petition which can propose a constitutional amendment or persuade the posting of legislation
|
|
|
Muller v. Oregon
|
Restricted discrimination against women, a woman was forced to work more than 10 hour days. The case ended in favor of the woman.
|
|
|
Louis Brandeis
|
Supreme court justice, appointed by Woodrow Wilson. "The Brandeis Brief" provided supreme court in Muller v. Oregon w/info on how long working hours affected women.
|
|
|
John Dewey
|
Leading representative of US progressivism schooling. Founder of philosophical school of Pragmatism.
|
|
|
Margaret Sanger
|
Founder of American Birth Control League (became Planned Parenthood).
|
|
|
Knights of Labor & Terrence Powderly
|
Nativist organization founded by Terrence Powderly that sought to bring laboreres together: wanted to achieve "emancipation" from this slavish workplace.
|
|
|
J.P. Morgan
|
Formed G.E., U.S. Steel Corporation. Merged large companies to make one monopoly
|
|
|
Homestead Act
|
Law that gave 160 acres of land to settlers in West.
|
|
|
Restrictions of Immigration
|
Chinese Exclusion Act, Contract Labor Law
|
|
|
Mercantilisim
|
Government plays protecting role in society: encourages exports and discourages imports (esp. through tariffs)
|
|
|
Friedrich List
|
Economic philosophy that gov't sets standards that all factories must obey. Production, NOT consumption. More focus on common good.
|
|
|
Laissez-Faire
|
Free-market trade/economies: minimal gov't role. Individuals do what is best for nation.
|
|
|
Vertical Integration
|
Company owns every step in production; ex. Carnegie Oil
|
|
|
Horizontal Combination
|
Owns/sells one specific product to numerous markets; ex. Standard Oil
|
|
|
National Labor Union
|
Helped improve laborers' conditions by stabilizing wages and shortening hours.
|
|
|
Haymarket Square, the Haymarket 8
|
Riot for laborers rights and conditions when a bomb went off: end of Knights of Labor. 8 men convicted of throwing bomb; all German and were linked to anarchy.
|
|
|
Square Deal
|
1. Threatened to use army to keep mines open for miners
2. Used Sherman Anti-Trust Act to reduce monopolies 3. Added Dept. of Commerce and Labor 4. FDA 5. Meat Inspection. 6. Conservation of massive areas to Ntl. Forests |
|
|
Difference between Poplulist (People's Party) and Progressives
|
Populists: Lower classes, radical ideas
Progressives: Upper class whites with less radical populist ideas, nativists. |
|
|
Acts to Control Monopolies:
|
1. Sherman Anti-Trust Act
2. Interstate Commerce Act--regulated railroads, no discrimination 3. Hepburn Act--helped ICC, let gov't view railroad $ records 4. Clayton Act--eliminates price discrimination between purchasers |
|
|
Pullman Strike
|
In depression of 1893, want for cars dropped and Pullman cut wages by 28% and did not lower rents for apts. they owned. Sparked railroad workers across nation to strike.
|
|
|
Great Railroad Strike
|
B&O Railroad wagecuts provoked strike, extremely violent strike. National Guard forced to intervene.
|
|
|
Homestead Act
|
Battle between labor union and Carnegie Steel Co. in Homestead, PA. Pinkertons were sent to stop strikers, and failed. Ntl. Guard had to oppress strikers.
|
|
|
Lincoln Steffens
|
One of the most influential muckrakers--used journalism. Exposed city bosses, urban machines.
|
|
|
AFL, Samuel Gompers
|
Saw capitalism as path to bettering labor, aimed to better lives of workers but not by challenging corp. owners. S.G. founded org. and was opposed to socialist views.
|
|
|
Eugene Debs
|
Eugene Debs: Socialist, founded ILU and ran for president. Participated in Pullman Strike.
|
|
|
American Protective Association
|
Anti-Catholic secret society, made up of mostly Irish Protestants. Wanted to make English a prerequisite for immigrants.
|
