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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why did the American government continue to make treaties with the Indians as in the Treaties of Fort Laramie and Atkinson, if it intended to continuously restrict the allotted Indian territory, making it smaller and smaller?
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Because that seemed like a humane thing to do, to the outside world. It seemed fair to some extent, and the only other alternative would have been killing the Native Americans, which would not have been pleasant.
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Why did Indian assimilation fail?
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In the end, it was simply because the color of their skin that Native American were confined to their own territories, even when willing to assimilate.
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Why are there still Native Americans on reservations right now?
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Native Americans have been allowed to continue in their old traditions and ways of life, because of the Indian territories.
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What caused the Native Americans to attack?
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They had to either attack and defend their traditional way of life or fade into submission. Though their efforts were futile, it showed that the Native Americans saw injustice in the ways of the Americans, and also saw the change that was occurring. The change was incompatible with their traditional style of living. Also, they were excluded from white society. They were defending the land that they believed was rightly theirs.
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Native Americans accepted land being taken away from them in return for food and supplies. However, even these were manipulated by profiteers. How could the Native Americans protest?
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They could protest only by fighting. Their voices would not be heard, because they were not represented. It was like the Indian Revolution, where the Native Americans declare their independence from the US
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Even Indians who were harmless were killed in the Indian Wars. (Sand Creek, General Chivington). The bison were destroyed on purpose in order that the Indians might run out of food.
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This shows that once the vicious cycle of the Indian wars was never once quelled.
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Why were the Indians so easily exterminated? Elaborate on the effect of the railroads
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the railroad: modernization: their land was being taken away from them by the encroaching settlements that got closer and closer. The US govt permitted and even encouraged the settling of the West to the cost of the Native Americans. There were wars, but there were also many times when the Native American signed treaties out of their own volition. This was because the Native Americans did not understand the concept of fixed territory lines and did not answer to any chief. Instead, they had strong ties with their family leaders.
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Why were the Indians so easily exterminated? Elaborate on the effect of disease
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Disease was the ultimate example of culture clash, because the Native Americans did not have previous immunity to the diseases that American settlers brought with them.
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Why were the Indians so easily exterminated? Elaborate on the effect of the decimation of bison.
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With the Indian way of living, the bison had continued to flourish. The Native Americans relied on the bison for food, yet they did not kill them all at the same time, as evidenced by the millions of bison living in the West. The clash of culture came when the Westerners brought their new technology, their guns, and did not choose to respect nature or animals. Many killed the bison out of sport or because of the new modes of fashion, leaving the rest of the buffalo to rot. After the civil war, 15M will were still living. Another reason that the buffalo were decimated was because of the newly built railroads.
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For what reasons was the Indian land made smaller?
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For the gold rush.
For the railroads. For farming. This showed that the Indians were treated as disposable as the government. They were treated as a conquered colony. |
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How effective were the movements that were posed in order to help the Indians?
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Helen Hunt Jackson could make people feel guilty. There were also missionary organizations and government-funded schools for Indians. However, these movements tried to suppress Indian culture and to assimilate Indians, above all else. They did not respect the Indian culture, as shown when the government outlawed the Sun Dance.
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What did the goverment do in order to undermine Native American culture? What did this show?
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First, the government fought the Battle of Bighorn in 1876 in order to suppress the Ghost Dance. Then, the government outlawed the Indian Sun Dance in 1884.The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 further showed the government's attempts to assimilate Native Americans by doing away with the concept of tribe-based land ownership. This showed how the US govt treated the Native Americans like a conquered people.
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In 1889, Oklahoma was opened to settlement. From 1889-1890, new states were admitted, and by 1890, the Census Bureau declared that the fronier line had ended.
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The opening of Oklahoma was a decrease in the size of the Indian reservations originally given to the Cherokee after the Trail of Tears. The land was opened, because of its fertility, showing that the Native Americans were treated with as inferior and unimportant by the American govt.
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Citizenship was offered to the Indians in 1924
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The Native Americans obtained their right to citizenship almost a century later than the African-American. This showed that they were essentially lower than African-Americans.
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1885: fewer than a 1000 buffalo!
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the different relationships with nature of the Native Americans and the whites caused conflict.
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How effective were the movements that were posed in order to help the Indians?
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Helen Hunt Jackson could make people feel guilty. There were also missionary organizations and government-funded schools for Indians. However, these movements tried to suppress Indian culture and to assimilate Indians, above all else. They did not respect the Indian culture, as shown when the government outlawed the Sun Dance.
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What did the goverment do in order to undermine Native American culture? What did this show?
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First, the government fought the Battle of Bighorn in 1876 in order to suppress the Ghost Dance. Then, the government outlawed the Indian Sun Dance in 1884.The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 further showed the government's attempts to assimilate Native Americans by doing away with the concept of tribe-based land ownership. This showed how the US govt treated the Native Americans like a conquered people.
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In 1889, Oklahoma was opened to settlement. From 1889-1890, new states were admitted, and by 1890, the Census Bureau declared that the fronier line had ended.
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The opening of Oklahoma was a decrease in the size of the Indian reservations originally given to the Cherokee after the Trail of Tears. The land was opened, because of its fertility, showing that the Native Americans were treated with as inferior and unimportant by the American govt.
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Citizenship was offered to the Indians in 1924
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The Native Americans obtained their right to citizenship almost a century later than the African-American. This showed that they were essentially lower than African-Americans.
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Battle of Wounded Knee the same time as when the Census Bureau declared that the frontier line had ended.
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The Battle of Wounded Knee was a response to the encroachment of the Americans on Indian land. The ghost dance, an attempt to return to the "old ways" and the traditions in response to the confiscation of their land, was stamped out by American troops. The American troops saw this resurgence in Native american culture as important, because the American culture and the Native American culture could never coexist, and the Americans did not want further opposition of a spirit of rebellion aroused.
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Why did the government outlaw the Sun Dance?
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They saw the Sun Dance as that much of a threat to "American progress."
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The Carlisle School was founded after the Nez Perce Indian War.
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Though the school and the white matrons seemed like the ultimate solution for the conquered tribes, it did not succeed in Americanizing the Native Americans as shown by further attempts to wrench Native Americans away from their traditional culture: outlawing the Sun Dance, passing the Dawes Severalty Act; the Battle of Wounded Knee
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What was the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 like? (Indians had been granted US citizenship in 1924)
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The Reorganization Act of 1934 reversed the Dawes Severalty Act. It restored land to the Native americans and attempted to give them a solid foundation for economic growth. It focused more on tribal ownership of land. It restored over 2M acres to the Native Americans and prevented Native American land from being sold to settlers
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3. The railroads made the cattle herding business prosper, but it also destroyed it, for the railroads also brought sheepherders and homesteaders who built barbed-wire fences that were too numerous to be cut through by the cowboys.
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This showed how quickly the West was being settled. It was a disadvantage.
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Why did the government outlaw the Sun Dance?
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They saw the Sun Dance as that much of a threat to "American progress."
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The Carlisle School was founded after the Nez Perce Indian War.
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Though the school and the white matrons seemed like the ultimate solution for the conquered tribes, it did not succeed in Americanizing the Native Americans as shown by further attempts to wrench Native Americans away from their traditional culture: outlawing the Sun Dance, passing the Dawes Severalty Act; the Battle of Wounded Knee
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However, the Indian Reorganization Act provided a sharp contrast in the relationship between the US govt and Native Americans.
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yes it did
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What was the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 like? (Indians had been granted US citizenship in 1924)
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The Reorganization Act of 1934 reversed the Dawes Severalty Act. It restored land to the Native americans and attempted to give them a solid foundation for economic growth. It focused more on tribal ownership of land. It restored over 2M acres to the Native Americans and prevented Native American land from being sold to settlers
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3. The railroads made the cattle herding business prosper, but it also destroyed it, for the railroads also brought sheepherders and homesteaders who built barbed-wire fences that were too numerous to be cut through by the cowboys.
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This showed how quickly the West was being settled. It was a disadvantage.
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