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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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freedmen
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men and women who were once slaves
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amnesty
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a government pardon
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black codes
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laws that severely limited rights of African Americans. African Americans could not own guns, vote, or serve on juries. The could legally marry.
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impeach
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to bring formal charges against an elected official.
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sharecopper
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person who farms land owned by someone else and is paid with a share of the crops. Farmers often remained poor.
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segregation
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separating people of different races in public places
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Reconstruction
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period in which the South was rebuilt following the Civil War.
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ratify
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approve
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Ten Percent Plan
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Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction which required 10% of voters to swear loyalty to the Union and abolish slavery
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Wade-Davis Bill
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majority of white men in the South had to swear loyalty to the Union. Anyone who had volunteered in the Southern army was excluded from holding office. Note: Lincoln would not sign this bill because he thought it was too harsh.
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Johnson Plan
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majority of white men must promise loyalty to the Union, ratify the 13th Amendment, and former Confederates could NOT hold office. This plan was rejected by Republicans because it was viewed as too lenient. Andrew Johnson's unwillingness to support Reconstruction Acts led to his impeachment. The 1886 election was a disaster for him because Republicans took control of both houses and were in a position to override any bill he tried to veto.
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Reconstruction Act
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State governments had to disband, write new constitutions, ratify the 14th Amendment, and African American men must be allowed to vote. Reconstruction finally ended because Northerners lost interest in it.
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Radical Republicans
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wanted to ensure that freedman had the right to vote. They tried to break the power of Southern planters.
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Ku Klux Klan
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a group formed by Southerners to help regain power over African Americans
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Hiram Revels
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became the 1st African American to serve in the US Senate.
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13th Amendment
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made slavery illegal throughout the US
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14th Amendment
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made all people born in the US citizens. Tennessee was the first state to ratify it.
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15th Amendment
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the vote cannot be denied to citizens because of their race, color, or prior enslavement.
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Plessy vs. Ferguson
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Supreme Court case which upheld segregation
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Amnesty Act of 1872
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restored the right to vote to nearly all white Southerners
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Freedmen's Bureau
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was formed to give aid to former slaves
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Voting
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Many Southern states tried to prevent freedmen from voting by requiring they pay poll taxes and making them pass literacy tests
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After the Civil War, the South had a variety of challenges. They included:
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1. Many farms had be destroyed.
2. Southern cities were in ruins 3. Freedmen needed jobs |
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The following groups gained power in the South
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1. African Americans
2. White Southerners who supported Republicans. 3. Northerners who had moved South |
