American History Chapter 6

Front 1

Administration

Back 1

Officials in the executive branch of government.

Front 2

President's Cabinet

Back 2

Advisers to the President who serve as he as of the Executive Departments.

Front 3

Judiciary Act of 1789

Back 3

Established the federal court system, 6 Supreme Court justices, and defined the Court's powers.

Front 4

Tariffs

Back 4

Taxes on imported goods.

Front 5

Loose Construction

Back 5

Interpretation of Constitution which allows actions which are NOT specifically prohibited.

Front 6

Strict Construction

Back 6

Interpretation of the Constitution which only allows action which is specifically detailed in the Constitution.

Front 7

Bank of the U.S. (BUS)

Back 7

Proposed by Alexander Hamilton to establish financial stability for national treasury.

Front 8

Whiskey Rebellion

Back 8

Pennsylvania corn farmers protest of high excise taxes on their product led to this event.

Front 9

Political parties

Back 9

George Washington warned that these would divide the country.

Front 10

Democratic-Republicans

Back 10

Political party started by Thomas Jefferson which wanted to limit the federal government.

Front 11

Neutrality Proclamation

Back 11

Declared the U.S. would be impartial toward France and Great Britain.

Front 12

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Back 12

Anthony Wayne won a decisive victory over the Miami's and Shawnee Indians (Little Turtle) at this battle

Front 13

Jay's Treaty

Back 13

Deal in which Great Britain agreed to leave forts in the Northwest Territory and pay for damages to U.S. ships in exchange for the U.S. paying off her war debt.

Front 14

Pinckney's Treaty

Back 14

Negotiations in which Spain gave the U.S. the right to use the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans for commerce purposes.

Front 15

XYZ Affair

Back 15

Diplomatic controversy in 1798 in which French officials demanded bribes of American diplomats.

Front 16

French Revolution

Back 16

Republican uprising against the French monarchy that began in 1789.

Front 17

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Back 17

Declared the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional.

Front 18

Buraucracy

Back 18

Government departments and workers.

Front 19

Judicial Review

Back 19

Supreme Court's right to declare a law unconstitutional.

Front 20

Marbury vs. Madison

Back 20

John Adams appointed William Marbury as a midnight judge. Secretary of state James Madison refused to install him. The court went in favor with Madison and declared the midnight judges unconstitutional.

Front 21

Louisiana Purchase

Back 21

Deal was secured April 30, 1803 which doubled the size of our country.

Front 22

Barbary War

Back 22

War between the Barbary States of Northern Africa and the United States.

Front 23

Impressment

Back 23

British sailors forced American sailors to serve in the British Royal Navy.

Front 24

Embargo

Back 24

Prohibited exports from going to certain foreign countries.

Front 25

Battle of Tippecanoe

Back 25

1811 battle between Indians and U.S. military in which Native Americans were defeated and forced out of the area.

Front 26

War Hawks

Back 26

Members of Congress who wanted to declare war against Great Britain in 1812.

Front 27

"Star Spangled Banner"

Back 27

Poem penned during the War of 1812 which eventually became our national anthem.

Front 28

Battle of New Orleans

Back 28

Famous battle during the war of 1812 which was actually fought after the war was officially declared over. It made Andrew Jackson famous.

Front 29

Treaty of Ghent

Back 29

Signed at the end of the War of 1812 in which all the land captured by either side was returned to pre-war status.

Front 30

Hartford Convention

Back 30

1814 meeting of Federalist's from New England who opposed the War of 1812. Demanded a constitutional convention

Front 31

George Washington

Back 31

The first president of the United States. He won the election unanimously.

Front 32

John Adams

Back 32

Nations first vice President; only Federalist president who served from 1797-1800

Front 33

Thomas Jefferson

Back 33

Served as Washington's Secretary of State resigned before Washington's presidential term was over.

Front 34

Alexander Hamilton

Back 34

Served as our nations first Secretary of the Treasury. He was later gunned down in a pistol dual.

Front 35

Little Turtle

Back 35

Indian chief who signed the treaty of greenville

Front 36

Anthony Wayne

Back 36

Revolution veteran who defeated Little Turtle in the Northwest Territory.

Front 37

John Jay

Back 37

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who traveled to Great Britain to negotiate a treaty.

Front 38

Aaron Burr

Back 38

Democratic Republican candidate who lost the tie-breaker to Thomas Jefferson murdered his political enemy.

Front 39

Thomas Pinckney

Back 39

U.S. Diplomat who negotiated a treaty with Spain in 1795.

Front 40

John Marshall

Back 40

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who ruled against Marbury; Established Judicial Review.

Front 41

William Marbury

Back 41

Midnight judge who took his case to the Supreme Court.

Front 42

James Madison

Back 42

Jefferson's Secretary of state who refused to deliver the final 17 commissions of midnight judges.

Front 43

Meriwether Lewis

Back 43

Jefferson's personal secretary who kept a journal of notes on the Core of Discovery.

Front 44

William Clark

Back 44

Served as navigator and cartographer on the Core of Discovery.

Front 45

Tecumseh

Back 45

Native American chief who was killed in the battle of Tippecanoe when he allied with the British in the war of 1812.

Front 46

John C. Calhoun

Back 46

South Carolina Congressman who led the War Hawks in demanding declaring war against Great Britain.

Front 47

Henry Clay

Back 47

Speaker of the House in 1801. His dream of American expansion into Canada and west caused him to lead cheers for war.

Front 48

Andrew Jackson

Back 48

He won a decisive victory at the Battle of New Orleans.

Front 49

Francis Scott Key

Back 49

He penned the Star Spangled Banner while being held captive on a British ship near Fort McHenry.

Front 50

Judiciary act of 1801

Back 50

Created new positions in the Judicial Branch in a last-ditch effort to maintain control.

Front 51

12th amendment

Back 51

Electors must cast separate ballots for president and vice president.

Front 52

Alien Act

Back 52

Allowed the president to order foreigners considered to be a threat to national security to be jailed or deported.

Front 53

Suddition Act

Back 53

Made it a crime to speak out against the government.

Front 54

James Monroe

Back 54

The main negotiator sent to France to negotiate the purchase of the New Orleans and West Florida.

Front 55

Sacagawea

Back 55

Shoshone Indian guide for the Core of Discovery.

Front 56

Midnight Judges

Back 56

42 judges appointed by John Adams in an attempt to maintain control of the Judicial Branch by the Federalist Party.

Front 57

Treaty of greenville

Back 57

Signed in 1795, the Native Americans (Little Turtle) agreed to give up large grants of land in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan.

Front 58

The Chesepeak

Back 58

U.S. ship from which British impressed 4 American sailors and forced them to serve in the British Royal Navy.

Front 59

Dolly Madison

Back 59

She saved valuables from the original White House including a famous painting of George Washington.

Front 60

Nepoleon

Back 60

French leader who sold the Louisiana Territory to the U.S. because he needed the money to fund his war against Great Britain.

Front 61

Prince Talleyrand

Back 61

French heir to the throne who insulted America by sending three minor diplomats to meet with the three American diplomats sent to France.