American History B Unit 2:

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fraud

Back 1

dishonesty or cheating

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political machine

Back 2

an unofficial government that exists alongside a real government

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civil case

Back 3

a court case to settle an argument when no law has been broken

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criminal case

Back 4

a court case involving a violation of the law

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prejudice

Back 5

dislike of another ethnic group, gender, race, or religion

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temperance

Back 6

avoiding intoxicating liquor

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Jim Crow

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a common name for segregation laws, some of which forbade intermarriage and ordered business owners and public institutions to keep black and white patrons separated

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Plessy v. Ferguson

Back 8

an 1896 Supreme Court case in which the court ruled that segregation (Jim Crow) laws were constitutional

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segregation

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the practice of separating racial, ethnic, or religious groups from one another, especially in public places

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lynching

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kidnapping and execution of a person by a mob

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vigilante

Back 11

one who takes or advocates the taking of law enforcement into one's own hands

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anti-Semitism

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hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group

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NAACP

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the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, an organization of blacks and whites formed to fight racial injustice

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W.E.B. DuBois

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believed that academic education was more important that trade education. He thought Washington's emphasis on industrial education actually kept African-Americans trapped in lower social and economic classes by suggesting they were best suited to service occupations.

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Boss Tweed

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a corrupt man who controlled New York City's political machine, Tammany Hall.

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Thomas Nast

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known as the "Father of the American Cartoon," having created satirical art during the 19th century that critiqued slavery and crime.

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Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain)

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an American author and humorist. He wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885),

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The Gilded Age

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the late 19th century, from the 1870s to about 1900. The term was coined by writer Mark Twain in The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (1873), which satirized an era of serious social problems masked by a thin gold gilding.

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German and Irish

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the two largest groups of immigrants during the late nineteenth century

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Why did immigrants come to the United States during the second half of the nineteenth

century?

Back 20

to e

scape political unrest, famine, lack of work, and religious persecution.

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What difficulties did immigrants face in leaving their homes and making a new life in the

United States?

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immigrants faced dirty, crowded conditions and sickness. Many did not speak English, so there was a language barrier when they

reached the States.

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Jacob Riis

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an immigrant from Denmark. He photographed immigrant life to make

people aware of the problems immigrants faced.

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Chinese Exclusion Act

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a law that restricted Chinese immigration into the United States.

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Wyoming

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the first U.S. territory to grant women the right to vote and to hold office.

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suffrage

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the right to vote.

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Susan B. Anthony

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a reformer who fought for decades so American women could have the same rights as men.

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Ida B. Wells

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a newspaperwoman who fought passionately for the protection of African Americans.

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Booker T. Washington

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called for avoiding confrontation over segregation and instead putting more reliance on long-term educational and economic advancement in the black community.