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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1566-1625 Charles James Stuart was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland and was the first to style himself King of Great Britain. He was the first monarch of England from the House of Stuart, succeeding the last Tudor monarch, Elizabeth I, who died without an heir.
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King James I of England
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1632-1704 English philosopher whose Treatises of Government espousing natural rights, consent of the governed, and social compacts greatly influenced the Founding Fathers.
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John Locke
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England's first political party, organized in political opposition to the King. Americans later formed their own similar party during the Jacksonian democracy era, but the two parties did not hold the same ideology.
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Whig Party
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John Locke's work arguing that true political authority comes not from God or precedent but from the people.
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Second Treatise of Government
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1650-1702 acceded the throne with his wife Mary (daughter of James II) in 1689, and became William II of England.
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William of Orange
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1688 bloodless English revolution against the King, making the King, making the King subject to Parliament; considered a true founding of government.
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Glorious Revolution
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A set of metalegal principles developed by the English legal system as a way of distinguishing whether a particular law supported freedom or not.
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Rule of Law
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Law that classical Greeks believed resided in the human heart and reflects our innate sense of right and wrong.
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Natural Law
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Fundamental rights granted by nature that government cannot abrogate and which government is bound to protect.
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Natural Rights
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106-43 An orator, statesman, political theorist, lawyer and philosopher of Ancient Rome.
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Cicero
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Law that is considered to be from natural law principles but that is framed in a form that can be interpreted more concretely.
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Common Law
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Rule of law principle that states when laws are made they must apply to broad categories of people and must not single out individuals or groups for special treatment.
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Generality
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Rule of law principle that states laws must apply to future action and not past action.
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Prospectivity
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Rule of law principle that states laws must be known and certain, such that everyone knows of their existence and their enforcement is reasonably reliable.
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Publicity
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Rule of law principle that states laws must be generally acceptable to those who must live by them.
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Consent
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1754-1763 Britain and her colonies fought against the French with their respective native allies. The French were defeating, solidifying British control of North America.
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French and Indian War
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Rule of law principle that states when laws are applied they must be administered impartially.
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Due Process
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1689-1755 French political thinker who favored the British system of rule and lauded the idea of separation of powers.
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Montesquieu
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The idea that the "Country party" had the best strategy and opportunity to preserve liberty against the "Court party"
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Commonwealth Ideology
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English royal court and the center of British political power; characterized by corruption and subversion.
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Court Party/Tories
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English opposition to the "Court party" that consisted of commonwealth men (everyday citizens); considered morally independent with pure motives.
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Country Party
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1735-1826 John Adams' unequivocal belief in the importance of the rule of law led him to defend the British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre. His defense demonstrated to the world that the colonists were civilized and could therefore govern themselves.
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John Adams
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Dividing powers of government between the separate branches.
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Separation of Powers
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