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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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American Colonization Society
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Founded in 1816 by Paul Coufee (An Native American Wompanog/West African)
- Favored graduation emancipation – Slave owners would receive compensation – Purpose of organization: Resettle free blacks in Africa - From 1821, thousands of free black Americans moved to Liberia from the United States. - Movement failed because there were too many freed blacks to move and there was a difficulty in finding locations were they would be accepted. |
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American Anti-Slavery Society
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- Co-founded by William Lloyd Garrison with the Tappan brothers in 1833
- Declaration of Sentiments – Endorsed nonviolence and rejected the use of weapons by abolitionists and slaves – Opposed colonization, compensated emancipation, and all laws upholding slavery – Slaves had every right to instant freedom and deserved compensation – Pledged to oppose all racial prejudice wherever it appeared -1840: split due to differences in politics and the use of female abolitionists as public lecturers. Garrison was more radical than others. |
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Strategies and tactics of the American Anti-Slavery Society
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• Moral suasion- Appeal to the conscience of slave holders
– Slavery wrong on moral and religious grounds – Slavery contradicted founding principles of the U.S. • Postal campaign- Pamphleteering campaign to inundate the North, as well as the South, with anti-slavery literature • Goal of the postal campaign: – Get slave holders to repent - Reaction of Southerners: – Attack on a post office in Charleston – Vigilance societies • Anti-Slavery fairs- Raised money for the abolitionist cause - Baked, sewed various items, and then donated the money raised to anti-slavery societies  • Petitions- Abolitionist petitions sent to Congress during the 1830’s – Message: Plantation owners sought to strengthen slavery at the expense of constitutionally guaranteed liberties • 1836: Gag Rule adopted by House ("tabled" all such petitions, preventing them from being read or discussed) • Anti-Slavery wafers |
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Temperance
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Why the need for a Temperance movement?
– Drinking widespread in early Nineteenth Century – Census of 1810: 14,000 distilleries produced 25 million gallons of alcoholic spirits each year – 1820’s: Per capita consumption of hard liquor reached 5 gallons |
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American Society for the Promotion of Temperance, 1826
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• Organized in Boston by a group of ministers
• Goal: Get people to abstain from alcohol • Tactics of the Temperance Society – Lectures, press campaigns, rallies, prize essay contests, and the organization of state and local societies |
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Arguments used in the fight against alcohol
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• Preachers condemned alcohol for violating the Sabbath
• Alcohol negatively impacted the mind and the body • Alcohol responsible for crime, disorder, and poverty • Factory owners claimed alcohol made their workers unreliable • Women claimed alcoholism caused the suffering of innocent mothers and children |
