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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Civil cases |
Those lawsuits deciding disputes between private parties over noncriminal matters, such as personal injuries or contracts. |
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Criminal cases |
Those in which the government punishes individuals for committing crimes. |
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Bail |
Money or property posted as security to obtain release from jail pending trial. |
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Aggravating circumstances |
Factors that increase the severity of a crime. |
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Mitigating circumstances |
Factors that decrease the severity of a crime. |
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Felony-murder rule |
Legal doctrine by which accomplices are convicted of murder-- even if another person actually killed the victim-- when it was committed as part of a felony such as kidnapping or robbery. |
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Habeas corpus |
A court order directing that an officer who has custody of a prisoner show cause why the prisoner is being held. |
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Unenumerated rights |
Those rights not specifically listed in the Constitution. |
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Federalism |
The system of shared power between national and state governments. |
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States' rights |
Doctrine that the states have sovereign powers equal to the national government. |
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Nationalism |
The supremacy of the federal government over the states. |
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Nullification |
Doctrine that states can declare an act of the federal government to be null and void; also known as interposition. |
