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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the components of the Paediatric Assessment Triangle |
Appearance Tone Interactivity Consolability Look/Gaze Speech/Cry Work of Breathing Abnormal Breath Sounds Abnormal Posturing Retractions Nasal Flaring Circulation to the Skin Pallor Mottling Cyanosis The Paediatric Assessment Triangle provides an accurate method for a simple "first impressions" assessment to guide urgency of care, particularly to the non-verbal child. |
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What are the signs of a well child using the appearance section of the assessment triangle |
Tone - Active, Reaching, Moving, Strong Grip Interactivity - Interested in the environment, looking, smiling Consolability - Easily comforted/consolable Look/Gaze - Looks at caregiver or items of interest. Speech/cry - Cries |
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What are the signs of an unwell child using the appearance section of the assessment triangle |
Tone - still, floppy, quiet Interactivity - not interested in their surrounds Consolability - inconsolable Look/Gaze - staring, not engaging in eye contact Speech/cry - moan, grunting or quiet |
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Paediatric definitions |
Newborn - Birth to 24 hours
Large Infant - 3 - 12 months Small Child - 1 - 4 Year Old Medium Child - 5 - 11 year Old Large Child - 12 - 16 year old |
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Paediatric Weight Calculations |
For children various treatments are based on weight, such as drugs, defibrillation joulage and fluid volume. It is ok to ask a parent the patients weight. If weight is unknown, it can be estimated using the below values. <24 hours - 3.5kg 3 Months - 6kg 6 Months - 8kg 1 year - 10kg 1-9 year old - Age x 2 + 8 (kg) 10 - 14 year old - Age x 3.3 (kg) |
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What are the signs of adequate perfusion for a paediatric
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Normal Blood Volume Newborn - 80ml/kg Infant and Child - 70ml/kg Adequate Perfusion Newborn (<24hrs old) - 110-170bpm. >60mmHg systolic BP Small infant ( <3 Months old) - 110-170bpm. >60mmHg systolic BP Large Infant ( 3-12 Months old) - 105-165bpm. >65mmHg Systolic BP Small Child (1-4 Year old) - 85-150bpm. >70mmHg systolic BP Medium Child (5-11 year old) - 70-135bpm. >80mmHg systolic BP Large Child (12-16 year old) - 60-120bpm. >95mmHg systolic BP Skin - Warm Pink + Dry Conscious state - Alert + Active |
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What are the signs of inadequate perfusion for a paediatric |
Any deviation from normal perfusion values is a source of concern Skin - Cool, Pale, Clammy in the setting of an unwell child, mottled skin, cold feet and hands are an early sign that correlates with an ICU admission. This should always be treated as a significant finding Conscious state - Patient may respond to your voice, pain or be unresponsive. May present as restless or agitated |
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What are the Normal Paediatric Respiratory values |
Newborn - 25-60 breaths/min Small Infant - 25-60 breaths/min Large infant - 25-55 breaths/min Small Child - 20-40 breaths/min Medium Child - 16-34 breaths/min Large Child - 14-26 breaths/min |
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What are signs of respiratory distress in a paediatric patient |
Any deviation from normal values is a source for concern - Tachypnoea - Chest wall retraction - Accessory muscle usage - Tracheal tugging - Abdominal breathing Patients <2 years of age with a wheeze are unlikely to be suffering asthma due to developing smooth muscles in the airways. Ventolin for these patients may not be useful. Oxygen should only be applied (other than nebulised driving) to patients with hypoxaemia |
