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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Flagellar function can be either ? or ?
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Chemotaxis or Phototaxis
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In ? , bacteria direct their movement according to certain chemicals in their environment either toward or away from them.
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Chemotaxis
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In ? , bacteria direct their movement according light stimulus either toward or away from it.
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Photaxis
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Chemotaxis must have some sort of ? for it to occur.
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gradient
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a purposeful movement made by a counterclockwise rotation is a ?
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RUN
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a random movement made by a clockwise rotation is a ?
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TUMBLE
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Bacteria have a MCP, which stands for ? that are located in the cell membrane
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Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein
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The cytoplasmic side of the MCP reacts with what 2 proteins?
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Che-A and Che-W
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The part of the MCP on the outside recognizes ? sources like glucose and lactose and sends a signal inside to the Che-A and Che-W which starts a ? effect that can cause the flagellum to move or not move.
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food
cascade/domino |
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If there is no gradient a cell will ? and look for food.
If there is a gradient a cell will ? |
tumble
run |
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Axial filaments are found in what species of bacteria?
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Spirochetes
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Spirochetes are ?-shaped bacteria with endo/flagellum that can ? into surfaces
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corkscrew
burrow |
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Spirochetes may be an ancestor to ? flagellum due to endosymbiosis.
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eukaryotic
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Spirochetes show an unusual, wriggley mode of locomotion caused by #? or ?, coiled threads.
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2 or more
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? cause a movement much like we saw in the vinegar eel helminthes
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Axial filament/periplasmic flagella/endo-flagella
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What two external appendages are used for attachment or adhesion?
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Pili and Fimbriae
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? are elongated, rigid tubular structures, like a straw.
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Pili
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Pili are made of the protein ?
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Pilin
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Pili are found on gram ? bacteria
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negative
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Pili are used in bacterial sex, called ?
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conjugation
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Smaller than Pili, ? are small, bristle like fibers.
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Fimbriae
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Most Fimbriae contain ?
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Protein
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Fimbriae tend to stick to ? and ?
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each other and surfaces
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There are no ? in prokaryotes
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Cilia
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During bacterial conjugation, ? material called ? are exchanged through the ?
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genetic
plasmids pili |
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E.coli use ? to attach to microvilli in the intestinal wall
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Fimbriae
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