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183 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a-, an- (abiotic, anaerobic)
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absence, lack
In the absence of life, in the absence of oxygen |
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-able (viable)
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able to, capable of
Having the ability to live or exist |
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actino- (actinomycetes)
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ray
Bacteria that form star-shaped (with rays) colonies |
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aer- (aerate)
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air
To add air |
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albo- (Streptomyces albus)
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white
Streptomyces albus produces white colonies |
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amphi- (amphitrichous)
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around
Tufts of flagella at both ends of cell |
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amyl- (amylase)
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starch
An enzyme that degrades starch |
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ana- (anabolism)
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up
Building up |
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ant-, anti- (antimicrobial)
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opposed, preventing
A substance that prevents microbial growth |
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Archae- (archaeobacteria)
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ancient
"Ancient" bacteria thought to be like the first form of life |
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aur- (Staphylococcus aureus)
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gold
Gold pigmented colonies |
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aut-, auto- (autotroph)
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self
Self-feeder |
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bacillo- (bacillus)
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a little stick
Rod-shaped |
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basid- (basidum)
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base
A cell that bears spores |
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bio- (biology)
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life
The study of living things |
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blast- (blastospore)
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bud
Spores formed by budding |
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bovi- (Myicobacterium bovis)
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cattle
A bacterium found in cattle |
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brevi- (Lactobacillus brevis)
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short
A bacterium with short cells |
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campylo- (Campylobacter)
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curved
Curved rod |
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carcin- (carcinogen)
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cancer
A cancer causing agent |
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caseo- (Caseous)
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cheese
Cheeselike |
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cerato- (keratin)
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horn
The horny substance making up skin and nails |
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chlamydo- (chlamydoconidia)
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covering
Condidia formed inside hyphae |
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chloro- (chlorophyll)
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green
Green-pigmented molecule |
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Chrom- (chromosome, metachromatic)
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color
Readily stained molecule, Intracellular colored granules |
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cocci- (coccus)
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a berry/spherical
A spherical cell |
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co-, con- (concentric)
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together
Having a common center, Together in the center |
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cili- (cilia)
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eyelash
A hairlike organelle |
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-cide (bactericide)
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killing
An agent that kills bacteria |
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chryso- (Streptomyces chryseus)
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golden
Bacteria with golden colonies |
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col-, colo- (Escherichia coli)
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colon
A bacterium found in the large intestine |
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conidio- (conidia)
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dust
Spores developed at the end of aerial hypha, never enclosed |
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-cul (particle)
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small form
A small part |
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-cut or cut- (Firmicutes)
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the skin
Bacteria with a firm cell wall, gram positive |
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cyano- (cyanobacteria)
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blue
Blue-green pigmented bacteria |
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cyst- (cystitis)
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bladder
Inflammation of the urinary bladder |
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cyt- (cytology)
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cell
The study of cells |
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de- (deactivation)
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undoing, reversal, loss, removal
Becoming inactive |
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di-, diplo- (diplococci)
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twice, double
Pairs of spherical bacteria |
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dia- (diaphragm)
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through, between
The wall through or between two areas |
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dys- (dysfunction)
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difficult, faulty, painful
Disturbed function |
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ec- (excrete)
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out, outside, away from
To remove materials from the body |
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ex- (excrete)
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out, outside, away from
To remove materials from the body |
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ecto- (excrete)
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out, outside, away from
To remove materials from the body |
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en-, em- (encysted)
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in, inside
Enclosed in a cyst |
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entero- (Enterobacter)
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intestine
A bacterium found in the intestine |
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eo- (Eobacterium)
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dawn, early
A 3.4 billion-year-old fossilized bacterium |
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epi- (epidemic)
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upon, over
Number of cases of a disease over the normally expected number |
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erytho- (erythema)
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red
Redness of the skin |
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eu- (eukaryote)
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well, proper, new
A cell with a proper "kernel"/nucleus |
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exo- (exogenous)
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outside, outside layer
From outside the body |
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extra- (extracellular)
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outside, beyond
Outside the cells of an organism |
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firmi- (Bacillus firmus)
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strong
Forms resistant endospores |
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flagell- (flagellum)
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a whip
A projection from a cell; In eukaryotes it pulls cells in a whiplike fashion |
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flav- (Flavobacterium)
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yellow
Flavobacterium cells produce yellow pigment |
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fruct- (fructose)
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fruit
Fruit sugar |
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-fy (magnify)
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to make
To make larger |
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gamet- (gamete)
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to marry
Reproductive cells |
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gastr- (gastritis)
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stomach
Inflammation of the stomach |
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gel- (gel)
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to stiffen
A solidified colloid |
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-gen (pathogen)
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an agent that initiates
An agent that produces disease |
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-genesis (pathogenesis)
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formation
Production of disease |
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germ, germin- (germ)
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bud
Part of an organism capable of developing |
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-gony (schizogony)
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reproduction
Multiple fission producing many new cells |
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Pathway and toxicities of metabolism of: ethanol
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Alcohol dehydrogenase converts ethanol into acetaldehyde
Nausea, vomiting, headache, hypotension. |
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halo- (halophile)
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salt
An organis that can live in high salt concentrations |
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haplo- (haploid)
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one, single
Half the number of chromosomes |
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hema-, hemato-, hemo- (Haemophilius)
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blood
A bacterium that requires nutrients from the blood |
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hepat- (hepatitis)
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liver
Inflammation of the liver |
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herpes (herpes)
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creeping
Lesions appear to creep along skin |
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hetero- (herterotroph)
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different, other
Obtains organic nutrients from other organisms |
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hist- (histology)
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tissue
The study of tissues |
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hom-, homo- (homofermenter)
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same
An organism that produces one type of acid from carbohydrate fermentation |
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hydr-, hydro- (dehydration)
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water
Loss of body water |
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hyper- (hypertonic)
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excess
Having a lesser osmotic pressure in comparison to water |
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Hypo- (hypotonic)
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below, deficient
Having a lesser osmotic pressure in comparison with another |
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im- (impermeable)
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not, in
Not permitting passage |
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inter- (intercellular)
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between
Between cells |
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intra- (intracellular)
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within, inside
Within a cell |
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io- (iodine)
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violet
A chemical element that produces violet vapor |
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iso- (isotonic)
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equal, same
Having the same osmotic pressure in comparison with another |
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-itis (colitis)
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inflammation of
Inflammation of the large intestine |
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-karyo (eukaryote)
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a seed, nut
A cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus |
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-caryon (eukaryote)
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a seed, nut
A cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus |
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kin- (streptokinase)
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movement
An enzyme that lyses or moves fibrin |
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lacti- (lactose)
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milk
The sugar of milk |
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leuko- (leukocyte)
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whiteness
A white blood cell |
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lip-, lipo- (lipase)
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fat, lipid
An enzyme that breaks down fat |
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-logy (pathology)
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study of
The study of changes in structure and function brought on by disease |
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lute-, luteo- (Micrococcus luteus)
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yellow
Microcossus luteus has yellow colonies |
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-lysis (hydrolysis)
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loosening
Chemical decomposition of a compound into other compounds as a result of taking up water |
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macro- (macromolecules)
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largeness
Large molecules like lipids, proteins and carbohydrates |
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meningo- (meningitis)
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membrane
Inflammation of the membranes of the brain |
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meso- (mesophile)
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middle
An organism whose optimum temperature is in the middle range |
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meta- (metabolism)
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beyond, transition, between
Chemical changes occurring within a living organism |
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micro- (microscope)
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smallness
An instrument used to make small objects appear large |
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-monas (Methylomonas)
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a unit
A unit (bacterium) that utilizes methan as its carbon source |
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mono- (monotrichous)
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singleness
Having one flagellum |
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morpho- (morphology)
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form
The study of the form and structure of organisms |
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multi- (multinuclear)
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many
Having several nuclei |
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mur- (murein)
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wall
A component of bacteria cell walls |
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mus- (murein typhus)
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mouse
A form of typhus endemic in mice |
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muri- (murein typhus)
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mouse
A form of typhus endemic in mice |
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mut- (mutation)
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to change
A sudden change in characteristics |
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myco-, mycetoma-, myces- (Saccharomyces)
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a fungus
Sugar fungus, a genus of yeast |
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myxo- (Myxobacteriales)
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slime, mucus
An order of slime-producing bateria |
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necro- (necrosis)
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a corpse
Cell death or death of a portion of tissue |
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-nema (Treponema)
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a thread
Treponema has long, threadlike cells |
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nigr- (Aspergillus niger)
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black
A fungus that produces black conidia (reproductive structures) |
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ob- (obstruction)
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before, against
Impeding or blocking up |
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ob- (obstruction)
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before, against
Impeding or blocking up |
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oculo- (monocular)
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eye
Pertaining to one eye |
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-eocium, ecium (perithecium)
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a house
An ascus with an opening that encloses spores |
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-oid (coccoid)
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like, resembling
Resembling a coccus |
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oligio- (oligosaccharide)
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small, few
A carbohydrate composed of a few (7-10) monosaccharides |
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-oma (lymphoma)
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tumor
A tumor of the lymphatic tissues |
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ortho- (orthomyxovirus)
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straight, direct
A virus with a straight tubular capsid |
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-osis, -sis (lysis, symbiosis)
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condition of
The condition of loosening, The condition of living together |
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pan- (pandemic)
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all universal
An epidemic affecting a large region |
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para- (parasite)
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beside, near
An organism that "feeds beside" another |
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peri- (peritrichous)
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around
Projections from all sides |
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phaeo- (Phaeophyta)
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brown
Brown algae |
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phago- (phagocyte)
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eat
A cell that engulfs and digests particles or cells |
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-phil, philo- (thermophile)
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liking, preferring
An organism that prefers high temperatures |
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-phore (conidophore)
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bears, carries
A hypha that bears conidia |
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-phyll (chlorophyll)
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leaf
The green pigment in leaves |
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-phyte (saprophyte)
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plant
A plant that obtains nutrients from decomposing organic matter |
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-pil (pilus)
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a hair
A hairlike projection from a cell |
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plankto- (plankton)
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wandering, roaming
Organisms drifting or wandering in water |
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-pnoea, -pnea (dyspnea)
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breathing
Difficulty in breathing |
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pod- (psuedopod)
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foot
Footlike structure |
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poly- (polymorphism)
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many
Many forms |
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post- (posterior)
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after, behind
A place behind a (specific) part |
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pre-, pro- (prokaryote)
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before, ahead of
A cell without a nucleus; pregnant, before birth |
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pseudo- (pseudopod)
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false
False foot |
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psychro- (psychrophile)
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cold
An organism that grows best at low temperatures |
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pyo- (pyogenic)
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pus
Pus forming |
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rhabdo- (rhabdovirus)
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stick, rod
An enlongated ,bullet shaped virus |
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rhin- (rhinitis)
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nose
Inflammation of mucous membranes in the nose |
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rhizo- (Rhizobium, mycorrhiza)
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root
A bacterium that grows in plant roots; A fungus that grows in or on roots |
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rhodo- (Rhodospirillum)
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red
A red-pigmented spiral shaped bacteria |
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rubri- (Clostridrium rubrum)
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red
Clostridium rubrum has red pigmented colonies |
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rumin- (Ruminococcus)
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throat
A bacterium associated with a rumen (modified esophagus) |
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saccharo- (disaccharide)
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sugar
A sugar consisting of two simple sugars |
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sapr- (Saprolegnia)
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rotten
A fungus that lives on dead animals |
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schizo- (schizomycetes)
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split
Organisms that reproduce by splitting and an early name for bacteria |
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scolec- (scolex)
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worm
The 'head' of a tapeworm |
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-scope, -scopic (microscope)
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watcher
An instrument used to watch small things |
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semi- (semicircular)
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half
Having the form of a half a circle |
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sept- (septic)
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rotting
Presence fo bacteria that could cause decomposition |
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siphon- (Siphonaptera)
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tube
The order of fleas, insects with tubular mouths |
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soma- (somatic cells)
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body
Cells of the body other than gametes |
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speci- (species, specify)
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particular things
The smallest group of organisms with similar properties; To indicate exactly |
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spiro- (spirochete)
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coil
A bacterium with a coiled cell |
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sporo- (sporangium)
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spore
A structure that holds spores |
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staphylo- (Staphylococcus)
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clusters
A bacterium that forms grape-like structures of cells |
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-stasis (bacteriostasis)
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arrest, fixation
Cessation of bacterial growth |
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strepto- (Streptococcus)
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twisted
A bacterium that forms twisted chains of cells |
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sub- (subcutaneous)
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beneath, under
Just under the skin |
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super- (superior)
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above, upon
The quality or state of being above others |
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sym-, syn- (synapse, synthesis)
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together, with
The region of communication between two neurons, Putting together |
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-taxi (chemotaxis)
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to touch
Response to the presence (touch) of chemicals |
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therm- (Thermus)
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heat
A bacterium that grows in hot springs |
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thio- (Thiobacillus)
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sulfur
A bacterium capable of oxidizing sulfur-containing compounds |
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-tone, -tonic (hypotonic)
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strength
Having less strength (osmotic pressure) |
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tox- (antitoxin)
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poison
Effective against poison |
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trans- (transport)
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across, through
Movement of substances |
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tri- (trimester)
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three
Three-month period |
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trich- (peritrichous)
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a hair
Hairlike projections from cells |
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-troph (autotroph)
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food
Organism that can make its own food |
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-ty (immunity)
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condition of, state
The condition of being resistant to disease or infection |
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undul- (undulating)
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wavy
Rising and falling, Presenting a wavy appearance |
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uni- (unicellular)
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one
Pertaining to one cell |
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vaccin- (vaccination)
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cow
Injection of a vaccine (first true vaccine used cow pox virus) |
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vacu- (vacuoles)
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empty
An intracellular space that appears empty |
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vesic- (vesicle)
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bladder
A bubble |
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vitr- (in vitro)
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glass
In culture media in a glass (or plastic) container |
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-vorous (carnivore)
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to eat
An animal that eats other animals |
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xantho- (Xanthomonas)
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yellow
Produces yellow colonies |
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xeno- (axenic)
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strange
Sterile, Free of strange organisms |
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xero- (xerophyte)
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dry
Any plant that tolerates dry conditions |
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zoo- (zoology)
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animal
The study of animals |
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-zyme (enzyme)
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ferment
Any protein in living cells that catalyzes chemical reactions |
