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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In a repressible operon the switch is normally in the ? mode and will be turned ? only when the nutrient is no longer required
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on
off |
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Excess nutrients serve as a ? needed to block the action of a ? operon
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co-repressor
repressible |
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Example of repressible operons are the ? and ? operons
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trip and arg
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When nutrients are no longer being used in a repressible operon they act as ? by attaching to the repressor and allowing it to attach to the ?
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co-repressors
operator |
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Some infection therapy is based on the concept that certain drugs react with DNA, RNA, or ribosomes and alter ? expression.
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genetic
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Blocking gene expression is based on the premise that growth of the infectious agent will be inhibited by blocking its ? synthesizing machinery selectively
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protein
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Drugs that inhibit protein synthesis exert their influence on ? or ?
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translation
transcription |
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Antibiotics often target the ? inhibiting ribosomal function and ultimately protein synthesis.
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ribosome
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Genetic change is the driving force of ?
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evolution
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Mutation happens when phenotypic changes are due to changes in the ?
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genotype
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A change in the genotype is due to and alteration in the ? sequence of DNA
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nitrogen-base
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A microorganism that exhibits a natural, non-mutated characteristic is the ? type.
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wild
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When a microorganism bears a mutation it is known as a ? strain, and these are good for tracking genetic events, unraveling organization, and pinpointing genetic markers
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mutant
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A random change in the DNA arising from errors in replication is a ? mutation
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spontaneous
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A mutation that results from exposure to known mutagens is a ? mutation
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induced
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? mutations involve addition , deletion. or substitution of single bases.
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Point
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A ? mutation is any change in the code that leads to placement of a different amino acid.
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missense
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A missense mutation can create a ?, nonfunctional protein or a protein that function in a ? manner or it might cause no significant alteration in protein ?
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faulty
different function |
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A ? mutation changes normal codon into a stop codon like ?
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nonsense
UAA/UAG |
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A ? mutation alters a base but does not change the amino acid and thus has no effect
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silent
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A ? mutation is when a gene that has undergone mutation reverses to its original base compostition
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back
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Mutations that occur when one or more bases are inserted into or deleted from a newly synthesized DNA strand are ? mutations
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frameshift
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Frameshift mutation changes the ?- frame of the mRNA and nearly always results in a ? protein.
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reading
non-functional |