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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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? is the study of the inheritanceg/? of living things
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Genetics
heredity |
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Genetics explores the transmission of biological ? from parent to offspring along with the expression and ? of those traits and the structure and ? of the genetic material and how this material changes.
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traits
variation function |
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What are the 3 levels that the study of genetics takes place on?
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organismal
chromosomal molecular |
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? genetics observes the heredity of the whole organism or cell
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Organismal
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? genetics examines the characteristics and actions of chromosomes.
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chromosomal
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? genetics deals with biochemistry of the genes
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molecular
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For a species to survive, it must have the capacity to ?
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self-replicate
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Because the genetic material is responsible for ?, it must be accurately ? and separated into each daughter cell to ensure normal function
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inheritance
duplicated |
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plasmids don't contain genes to make a new individual they are just extra ? of genes
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pieces
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most of the genome exists in the form of ?
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chromosomes
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In general, a ? is a discrete cellular structure composed of a neatly packaged DNA molecule.
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chromosome
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In eukaryotic chromosomes DNA molecules are tightly wound around ? proteins and located in the ? and can very in number fro a ? to ?
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histone
nucleus few to hundreds |
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In eukaryotic cells chromosomes can occur in pairs known as ? or singles known as ? and they appear ? in shape
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diploid
haploid linear |
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Bacterial chromosomes are condensed and secured by means of ? proteins
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histone-like
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Most bacteria have a ? circular ? stranded chromosome although many have multiple circular chromosomes and some have linear chromosomes
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single
double stranded |
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The chromosomes of all cells are subdivided into basic informational packets called ?
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genes
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A ? is a certain segment of DNA that contains the necessary code to make a protein or ? molecule
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gene
ribosomal |
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Genes fall into 3 basic categories?
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structural genes
genes that code for RNA regulatory genes |
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structural genes code for ? while some genes code for ? and ? genes control gene expresion.
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proteins
RNA regulatory |
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The expression of the genotype creates traits called the ?
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phenotype
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All organisms contain more genes in their ? than are manifested as a ? at a given time
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genotype
phenotype |
