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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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? very significantly from animal viruses in their methods of absorption, penetration , site of replication and method of exit from host cells
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bacteriophages
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? is a condition in which viral DNA is inserted into the bacterial chromosome and remains inactive for an extended period.
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lysogeny
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Some bacteria express virulence traits that are coded for by the bacteriophage DNA in their chromosomes. This phenomenon is called ? conversion
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lysogenic
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The most widely studied bacteriophages are those of the intestinal bacterium ?
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E. coli
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? is a less deadly form of parasitism than the full lytic cycle and is thought to be an advancement that allows the virus to spread without killing the host.
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Lysogeny
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? viruses must be studied in some type of host cell environment such as laboratory animals, bird embryos, or tissue cultures
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Animal
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Virus growth in cell culture is detected by the appearance of ?
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plaques
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Primary purposes for viral cultivation are ?
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To isolate & identify viruses in clinical specimens
To prepare viruses for vaccines To do detailed research |
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What 3 ways are typically used for cultivating animal viruses?
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Live animal inoculation
using bird embryos isolated cultures of host cells(cell cultures) |
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Most viruses are propagated in some sort of cell ?
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culture
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Cell tissue cultures must be developed and ?
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maintained
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Animal cell cultures are grown in sterile ? with special ?
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chambers
media |
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Cultured cells grow in the
form of a ? |
mono-layer
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A ? tissue culture is cultured directly from a subject and has a limited lifespan. It can only ? a certain number of times.
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primary
divide |
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A ? tissue culture can grow over and over like cancer cells.
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continuous
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Because ? cells stop following the rules of regular cells they offer a good environment for growing viruses.
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cancer
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CPE = ?
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Cytopathic effect
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Areas on a mono-layer where cells are dead, lysed, balled up show up as ?
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plaques
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Most viruses must run their course, host must treat the ?
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symptoms
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Viruses are the most common cause of ? infections that do not result in hospitalization.
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acute
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Most viruses do not cause ? but those that do can have very high ? rates.
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death
mortality |
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Some viruses can lead to long term ? and even cancer
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debility
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? target bacterial cell wall components.
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antibiotics
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