Am Studies Midterm Flashcards

Front 1

the Crusades changed Europe by:

Back 1

leading to increase trade with Asia

Front 2

what belief did Native Americans hold about land rights?

Back 2

the crops one grew were to be shared by all

Front 3

the cliff dewllings built by the Anasazi gave them protection against...

Back 3

Enemies

Front 4

the Hopewell and Mississippian mound builders were skilled

Back 4

Farmers and Traders

Front 5

Why was Plato significant

Back 5

because he wrote the Republic, which described an ideal society

Front 6

which of the following best describes the Olmac

Back 6

they developed the earliest known civilizations in Mesoamerica

Front 7

how do scientists think people first arrived in North America

Back 7

during the Ice Age, sea levels dropped and people crossing land

Front 8

duirng the Renaissance, the new emphasis on poeple rather than religion was called

Back 8

Humanism

Front 9

what made the slave trade important to the West African Economy?

Back 9

Slaves could be traded for valuable goods in the Middle East and Europe

Front 10

Why was the kingdom of Ghana significant

Back 10

it gained wealth from taxes and controlling trade in salt and gold

Front 11

The goal of the Iroquois League was to...

Back 11

Strngthen the alliance against invasion

Front 12

what does the image above indicate about Roman government during the Classical Period?

Back 12

that it was a Republic

Front 13

Evidence suggests that a group of people called ____ crossed from northeastern Asia to present-day Alaska between 38,000 B.C. and 10,000 B.C.

Back 13

paleo-indians

Front 14

a groups set of common Values and traditions is known as _______

Back 14

culture

Front 15

Mali's ____________ and Songhai's Asikia the Great were both Muslim

Back 15

Mansa Musa

Front 16

in the Mid- 1400's, _________ developed a printing press that used movable type

Back 16

Johannes Gutenberg

Front 17

In the Middle Ages, nobles exchanged land for military service with ______, or warriors who fought on horseback

Back 17

knights

Front 18

in 1324 Mansa Musa left Mali on a ___, or pilgrimage to Mecca

Back 18

Hajj

Front 19

The _______ developed the earliest known civilization in Mesoamerica

Back 19

Olmec

Front 20

the period of the _________ in Europe was more orderly and stable than the Middle Ages had been

Back 20

Renaissance

Front 21

The new focus on Human value and the Study of the humanities during the Renaissance was called ____

Back 21

humanism

Front 22

One of Songhai's greatest rulers was _________

Back 22

Askia the Great

Front 23

the people who migrated across the Bering land Bridge were _______

Back 23

hunter-gatherers

Front 24

____________ had scholars set up schools in Mali for the study of the Qur'an

Back 24

Mansa Musasa

Front 25

what advantage did the Viking ship have over earlier vessles?

Back 25

stability

Front 26

For which country did Jacques Cartier claim land during his two trips to Canada in 1534 and 1535?

Back 26

France

Front 27

How did enslaved Africans try to cope with life in the Americas

Back 27

They sought refuge in families, religion, art and dance

Front 28

which of the following best describes the Colombian Exchange?

Back 28

Plants and animals were transferred among AQsia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas

Front 29

Columbus's travels to the Americas created conflict between

Back 29

Spain and Portugal

Front 30

for which country did King Philip II lead the Catholic Reformation?

Back 30

England

Front 31

What was the conquistadors biggest advantage in defeating the Aztec and the Inca
?

Back 31

Steel armor and weapons

Front 32

Who was Malintzin

Back 32

an Indian woman who helped defeat the Aztec

Front 33

what was the function of the pueblo settlements set up by the Spanish in New Spain?

Back 33

they served as trading posts for commerce and somtimes as centers of government

Front 34

whose crew was the first to circumnavigate the glove

Back 34

ferdinand Magellan's

Front 35

Why did colonists in need of cheap labor turn to slaves from West Africa

Back 35

west African slaves had already built up immunity to European diseases

Front 36

Describe the Treaty of Tordesillas

Back 36

it moved the Line of Demarcation 800 miles further west

Front 37

A spanish conquistador named _________ led the destruction of the Aztec Empire

Back 37

Hernan Cortes

Front 38

Many _____ died as a result of the exposure to new diseases brought by European exploreres

Back 38

Native Americans

Front 39

the _____ aided explorers in finding new continents by alllowing ship navigators to check location by chrting the position ofhte stars

Back 39

Astrolabe

Front 40

____ the first European to discover a sea route to Asia

Back 40

Vasco da Gama

Front 41

New Netherland governor who conqurered New Sweden in 1655

Back 41

Peter Stuyvesant

Front 42

True or False:
the Vikings wre the first Euopeans to make contact with North America?

Back 42

TRUE

Front 43

True or False:
Vikings were skilled sailors who developed a new style of ship, called the longship

Back 43

TRUE

Front 44

True or False:
Prince Henry the Navigator was an explorer who set out on many voyages

Back 44

FALSE

Front 45

True or False:
A caravel is a device that enabled navigators to learn thier ship's location by charting the position of the Stars

Back 45

FALSE

Front 46

True or False:
the Portuguese sent many enslaved Africans to Europe to the island in the atlantic, where they endure brutal living conditions

Back 46

TRUE

Front 47

This was a powerful alliance of the Algonquian League

Back 47

Powhatan Confederacy

Front 48

thes system of granting land gave colonists who paid thier own way 50 acres of land, and an additional 50 acres for each person brought with them.

Back 48

headright system

Front 49

True or False:
the Puritains' Mayflower Compact was an agreement to create fair laws to protect the genral good.

Back 49

FALSE

Front 50

True or False:
the Pilgrims settled with thier families, who worked together to help survive in Plymouth

Back 50

TRUE

Front 51

True or False:
Anne Hutchinson disagreed with the Puritan leaders who believed that poeple who needed the guidance of a minister and that women should not play an active role in the church

Back 51

FALSE

Front 52

True or False:
the New ENgland economy was based on agriculture, trade, and fishing

Back 52

TRUE

Front 53

True or False:
Education in the New England colonies was important becuase parents wanted thier children to be able to run their buisnesses successfully

Back 53

FALSE

Front 54

Columbus asked King ____ and Queen ____ of Spain to pay for an expedition across the Atlantic

Back 54

Ferdinand , Isabella

Front 55

Without intending to do so, the explorers introduced deadly new ___ to the Americas

Back 55

diseases

Front 56

Europeans shipped millions of enslaved _____ to work the colonies in the New World

Back 56

Africans

Front 57

True or False:
Henry the NAvigator was the first European to make contact with North America

Back 57

False

Front 58

True or False:
the Portuguese developed new ships called longships that were lighter, smaller, and easier to steer

Back 58

Flase;
Vikings

Front 59

True or False:
the Portuguese sent many enslaved Africans to Europe and to the islands in the Atlantic, where they endured brutal living conditions

Back 59

True

Front 60

what was the eventual result of the efforts of the Portuguese setting out to find new lands?

Back 60

they found a new route to Asia

Front 61

What significant effect did Portuguese exploration have on Africa

Back 61

the Atlantic Slave Trade started.

Front 62

These were used in colonies to control local affairs and rotect individual freedoms

Back 62

Colonial Courts

Front 63

these organizations were created in some colonies to pass laws

Back 63

Assemblies

Front 64

What middle colony was origionally founded by the Dutch, but later taken over by the English?

Back 64

New York

Front 65

Why did William Penn create the colony of Pennsylvania?

Back 65

to provide a home for the Quakers

Front 66

Thanks to Penn's work, Pennsylvania became an important example of what?

Back 66

Representative government

Front 67

What is the term for crops that are always Needed?

Back 67

Staple Crops

Front 68

What job did women in the Middle colonies NOT hold?

Back 68

Lawyer

Front 69

The British prime minister asked Parliamnet to tax the American colonists to help pay for _____

Back 69

A standing Army

Front 70

in 1764 Parliament passed the ____ which set taxes on molasses and sugar imported by colonists

Back 70

Sugar Act

Front 71

Many colonists believed that Great Britain had no right to tax them without thier _____

Back 71

consent/permission

Front 72

__________ helped found the Committees of Correspondence to share ideas and information aobut challenging the Brittish Laws

Back 72

Samuel Adams

Front 73

A popular method of protesting British laws was to _____ , or refuse to buy Brittish goods

Back 73

Boycott

Front 74

the _________ required coloists to pay for an official stamp, or seal, whenever they bought paper items

Back 74

Stamp Act

Front 75

Colonists formed a secret society known as the ________ that used violence to frighten tax collectors

Back 75

Sons of Liberty

Front 76

The "Bloody Massacre perpetrated in King Street" is also known as the ________

Back 76

Boston Massacre

Front 77

In response to the Tea Act, the Sons of Liberty organized the ___________ to Protest the British Law

Back 77

Boston Tea Party

Front 78

The ______ closed Boston Harbor, cancelled Massachusetts's charter, and forced colonists to house and supply British troops.

Back 78

Intolerable Acts

Front 79

who warned the colonists of the British advane toward Concord

Back 79

Paul Revere

Front 80

Delagates signed the _________ Petition as a final attempt to restore harmony

Back 80

Olive Branch

Front 81

Who ws the Author of a 47-page pamphlet called Common Sense

Back 81

Thomas Paine

Front 82

What document formally announced the colonies' break from Great Britain

Back 82

Declaration of Independence

Front 83

Those who chose to side with the brittish were called

Back 83

Loyalists

Front 84

who tried to influence her husband to include womans rights in the Declaration of Independence?

Back 84

Abigail Adams

Front 85

By the 1780's, which colonies were taking a step to end slavery?

Back 85

New England Colonies

Front 86

What delegate from Virginia encouraged colonists to fight independence from Britain in support of the Patriot cuase?

Back 86

Patric Henry

Front 87

Among the list of 10 resolutions included the Declaration of Rights, one was to

Back 87

Ensure the colonists' right of "life, liberty, and property."

Front 88

The Battle of Lexington is important because it

Back 88

was the first battle of the Revolutionary War

Front 89

When voicing thier opinions to the Second Continental Congress delegates were

Back 89

completely at odds and failed to come to a consensus

Front 90

Colonists who chose to side with the British were known as

Back 90

Loyalists

Front 91

What inspired colonists to draft the Declaration of Independence?

Back 91

Thomas paine's Common Sense

Front 92

Why was teh Battle of Saratoga a turing point for the Patriots?

Back 92

the Patriots gained the Support of France and Spain

Front 93

What is the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?

Back 93

it was the last major battle of the Ameican Revolution.

Front 94

As a result of the First Continental Congress

Back 94

the Declaration of Rights was Drafted

Front 95

"Although many women were Patriots, the Declaration did not address thier rights" was whom's statement

Back 95

Abigail Adams

Front 96

As ______ prepared to lead the colonists agianst the British, Congress tried to make peace with King George III

Back 96

George Washington

Front 97

The Battle of _______ was a turining point for the Patriots becuse they gained the support of France, Spain, and Holland

Back 97

Saratoga

Front 98

the winter at ________ was a difficult time for the Continental Army, which lacked protection and supplies

Back 98

Valley Forge

Front 99

The patriots' victory at Yorktown was made possible by a strategic error on the part of ______, who moved his troops in the hope of maintaining communication with the British Navy

Back 99

Charles Cornwallis

Front 100

British troops, also known as ____, made easy targets as they retreated from Boston

Back 100

redcoats

Front 101

Common Sense, a pamphlet written by _____, inspired coloial leaders to challenge British Authority

Back 101

Thomas Paine

Front 102

Native Americans mostly sided with the ____ in supporting the war effort

Back 102

British

Front 103

True or False:
as a result of the 1783 Treaty of Paris, land west of the thirteen colonies was given to France

Back 103

False

Front 104

True or False:
the main issue debated during the Second Continental Congress was whether foreign allies would be beneficial

Back 104

Flase

Front 105

True or False:
Thomas Jefferson felt the colonists had the right to break away from Great Britain becuase he did not believe in the Idea of a social contract.

Back 105

False

Front 106

True or False:
The Battle of Trenton was different from previous battles becasue the Patriots went on the offensive

Back 106

true

Front 107

True or False:
the Declaration of Independence did not address the rights of Native Americans

Back 107

True

Front 108

True or False:
the rejection of the Olive Branch petition led to the meeting of the First Continental Congress

Back 108

False

Front 109

True or False:
Bernardo de Galvez was one of many foreigners hired by the Patriots to fight as a mercenary during the American Revolution

Back 109

False

Front 110

Thousands of African American Slaves signed on with the British Army becuase they were promised their freedom

Back 110

True

Front 111

this person was dressed as a woman and fought in several battles

Back 111

Deborah Sampson

Front 112

Controlled the land west of the appalachians

Back 112

American Indians

Front 113

What problems did the US have with Britain following the Revolutionary War?

Back 113

Britain restricted trade with the United States

Front 114

What led farmers in Massachusetts to rebel?

Back 114

high taxes

Front 115

what are creditors ?

Back 115

people who loan money

Front 116

What was to blame for economic and other problems in the US after the Revolution

Back 116

Weak Central Government

Front 117

What nation was the most important trade partner of the US?

Back 117

Britain

Front 118

He was the New Jersey delegate who presented the small-state Plan

Back 118

William Paterson

Front 119

True or False:
Many Antifederalists did not want the Constitution to include the bill of rights

Back 119

False

Front 120

True or False:
Federalists were those who did not support the Constitution

Back 120

False

Front 121

True or False:
the Bill of Rights protects the rights of individuals

Back 121

True

Front 122

True or False:
The Federalist Papers were a series of essays that helped to persuade people to support the Constitution

Back 122

True

Front 123

True or False:
Checks and Balances are official languages that can be added to the constitution

Back 123

False

Front 124

Identify 3 STRENGTHS of the Constitution and 3 WEAKNESSES of the Articles of Confederation

Back 124

a. Constitution
1. Power held by National gov,system of checks & balances,popular sovereighty
b. Articles of Confederation
2.power held by states, no checks & balances, 1 branch of government.

Front 125

Identify 3 characteristics of the Virginia Plan

Back 125

1. 2 houses
2. based on population
3. national government

Front 126

Identify 3 Characteristics of the New Jersey Plan

Back 126

1. based on equal votes
2. 1 house
3. state government