Am. History Chapters 12 And 13

Front 1

Prejudice/Discrimination

Back 1

the thoughts, feelings, or actions made by someone that unfairly judges someone else based on race, ethnicity, sex, political beliefs, religion, or other reasons

Front 2

Nativism

Back 2

a feeling of prejudice toward foreign-born people

Front 3

Isolationism

Back 3

a policy of pulling away from involvement in world affairs

Front 4

Communism

Back 4

an economic ideology that all property is government-owned, lacks motivation for improvement

Front 5

Red Scare

Back 5

event where communist Russians overthrew their czarist regime

Front 6

U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer

Back 6

leader in combat against Red Scare

Front 7

Palmer Raids

Back 7

raids led by Palmer against anarchists

Front 8

Anarchists

Back 8

people who oppose any form of government

Front 9

Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti

Back 9

two influential Italian immigrants charged with murder during the Red Scare

Front 10

Quota System

Back 10

established the maximum number of immigrants that could come to America from each foreign country

Front 11

John L. Lewis

Back 11

In protest of low wages and long workdays, Lewis called his union’s members out on strike on November 1, 1919.

Front 12

A. Philip Randolph

Back 12

In 1925, A. Philip Randolph founded the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters to help African Americans gain a fair wage.

Front 13

Warren G. Harding

Back 13

When the silver-haired Ohio senator assumed the presidency in 1921, the public yearned for what Harding described as
“normalcy,” or the simpler days before the Progressive Era and the Great War. His words of peace and calm comforted the healing nation.

Front 14

"normalcy"

Back 14

the simpler days before the Progressive Era and the Great War

Front 15

Disarm

Back 15

to stop manufacturing war goods

Front 16

Kellog-Briand Pact

Back 16

renounced war as a national policy

Front 17

1922 Fordney-McCumber Tariff

Back 17

raised taxes on some U. S. imports to 60 percent, the highest level ever

Front 18

Dawes Plan

Back 18

Through what came to be known as the Dawes Plan, American investors loaned Germany $2. 5 billion to pay back Britain and France with annual payments on a fixed scale.

Front 19

Charles Evans Hughes

Back 19

At the conference, Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes urged that no more warships be built for ten years. He suggested that the five major naval powers the United States, Great Britain, Japan, France, and Italy scrap many of their battleships, cruisers, and aircraft carriers.

Front 20

Andrew Mellon

Back 20

Andrew Mellon, one of the country’s wealthiest men, became secretary of the treas-ury and set about drastically cutting taxes and reducing the national debt.

Front 21

Ohio Gang

Back 21

the president’s poker-playing cronies, who would soon cause a great deal of embarrassment.

Front 22

Charles R. Forbes

Back 22

the head of the Veterans Bureau, was caught illegally selling government and hospi-tal supplies to private companies

Front 23

Colonel Thomas W. Miller

Back 23

an American businessman, lawyer and politician, from Wilmington, Delaware, and Reno, Nevada. He was a veteran of World War I and a member of the Republican Party, who served as U. S. Representative from Delaware.

Front 24

Teapot Dome Scandal

Back 24

The government had set aside oil-rich public lands at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California, for use by the U. S. Navy. Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall, a close friend of various oil executives, managed to get the oil reserves transferred from the navy to the Interior Department. Then, Fall secretly leased the land to two private oil com-panies, including Henry Sinclair’s Mammoth Oil Company at Teapot Dome. Although Fall claimed that these contracts were in the government’s interest, he sudden-ly received more than $400,000 in
“loans, bonds, and cash.”
He was later found guilty of bribery and became the first American to be convicted of a felony while holding a cabinet post.

Front 25

Albert B. Fall

Back 25

a close friend of various oil executives, managed to get the oil reserves transferred from the navy to the Interior Department.

Front 26

Model T

Back 26

an automobile that was produced by Henry Ford's Ford Motor Company from September 1908 through May 1927

Front 27

Urban Sprawl

Back 27

an event in wheach cities spread out in all directions

Front 28

Will Rogers

Back 28

an American cowboy, comedian, humorist, social commentator, vaudeville performer, film actor, and one of the world's best-known celebrities in the 1920s and 1930s

Front 29

Charles Lindbergh

Back 29

an American aviator, author, inventor, explorer, and social activist, first pilot to fly solo nonstop form New York to Paris

Front 30

Amelia Earhart

Back 30

first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean

Front 31

Pan American Airways

Back 31

commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier in the United States from 1927 until its collapse on December 4, 1991

Front 32

Installment Plan

Back 32

made it easy for people to buy goods over an extended period

Front 33

Prohibition

Back 33

time where all alcoholic products were banned form production, sale, and use in the U.S.

Front 34

Speakeasies

Back 34

an establishment that illegally sells alcoholic beverages

Front 35

Bootleggers

Back 35

one who conceals alcoholic beverages in leg of his pants

Front 36

Al Capone

Back 36

an American gangster who led a Prohibition-era crime syndicate

Front 37

Clarence Darrow

Back 37

an American lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, best known for defending teenage thrill killers Leopold and Loeb in their trial for murdering 14-year-old Robert "Bobby" Franks (1924) and defending John T. Scopes in the Scopes Trial (1925), in which he opposed William Jennings Bryan (statesman, noted orator, and 3-time presidential candidate)

Front 38

William Jennings Bryan

Back 38

lawyer who opposed Clarence Darrow in the Scopes Trial

Front 39

Flagpole Sitting

Back 39

the practice of sitting on a pole for extended lengths of time, generally used as a test of endurance. A small platform is often placed at the top of the pole.

Front 40

Bessie Smith

Back 40

an American blues singer, sometimes referred to as The Empress of the Blues

Front 41

Bobbed Hair

Back 41

a short haircut for women, popular during the 1920s

Front 42

Lost Generation

Back 42

a term used to refer to the generation, actually a cohort, that came of age during World War I

Front 43

Expatriate

Back 43

a person temporarily or permanently residing in a country and culture other than that of the person's upbringing

Front 44

NAACP

Back 44

the new, more militant voice of African Americans

Front 45

W.E.B. Du Bois

Back 45

an American sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, author, and editor

Front 46

1914 Universal Negro Inprovement Association (UNIA)

Back 46

established by Marcus Garvey in Jamaica in 1914

Front 47

Rhodes Scholar

Back 47

study any full-time postgraduate course offered by Oxford University