Am History Chap 17

Front 1

Great Plains

Back 1

broad expanse of prairie, steppe and grassland which lie west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada.

Front 2

Crowd Nobody

Back 2

Part of a speech that Horace Greeley gave, claiming that by movie out West you will crowd out nobody and harm nobody.

Front 3

Indian Country

Back 3

The land west of the Mississippi that served as one large reservation.

Front 4

Chivington Massacre

Back 4

1864, Chief Black Kettle led his tribe to camp on Sand Creek when they were attacked by Colorado Militia.

Front 5

Red Cloud

Back 5

Sioux Chief who wanted to stop the Bozeman Trail that cut through Sioux hunting territory.

Front 6

Fetterman Massacre

Back 6

December 1866-Red Cloud lured Cpt. Fetterman into wilderness and killed all 82 troops. Caused skepticism over countried Indian Policy.

Front 7

Buffalo Soldiers

Back 7

9/10th regiments of soldiers (Black and White) to protect farms, stages, trains and work crews.

Front 8

Red River War

Back 8

1874-75; Buffalo Soldiers crushed rampaging Kiowa and Comanche Indians.

Front 9

Sitting Bull

Back 9

Well-respected Sioux chief/medicine man-last to surrender to White man. Led people to CA for a time.

Front 10

Crazy Horse

Back 10

1875-led Sioux with Sitting Bull to stop mining rush into Black Hills. 1876-Custer's Last Stand.

Front 11

George Armstrong Custer

Back 11

Custer's Last Stand-1876 Little Bighorn River, he and entire regiment slaughtered by band of indians due to poor judgement on his part.

Front 12

7th Cavalry

Back 12

Cavalry that was at Little Big Horn

Front 13

Nez Perce Tribe

Back 13

Plains Indians led by Chief Joseph; nearly fled to Canada; Appaloosa Horses.

Front 14

Chief Joseph

Back 14

Chief of Nez Perce; led tribe in nearly succesfull attempt to escape to Canada

Front 15

Wovoka

Back 15

Paiute messiah who saw visions that told him to perform/teach the Ghost Dance

Front 16

Ghost Dance

Back 16

indians believed that dancing the Ghost Dance would bring together all Native Americans, the Buffalo would return, white men dissapear.

Front 17

Wounded Knee Massacre

Back 17

Army attempr to stop dances, Sitting Bull killed; Native Americans flee to Big Foot's group of Ghost Dancers but were tracked down, taken to army camp where a struggle broke out and killed aprox 200 m,w, and ch.

Front 18

Assimilation

Back 18

the attempt to eradicate tribal society and turn N.A more like Whites.

Front 19

Court of Indian Offenses

Back 19

1882, created by congress because Indians no longer had chiefs/judicial systems-used for those N.A who broke gov. laws

Front 20

Dawes Severalty Act

Back 20

1887-aimed to end tribal life; 160/80/40 acre land plots to each Indian family/man/child

Front 21

EXTERMINATION OF THE BUFFALO

Back 21

Whites killed for sport, did not use all or any of buffalo-harm indians=harm buffalo

Front 22

BUFFALO BILL CODY

Back 22

professional Buffalo Hunter; 1883-began wild west show useing romanticised version of Indians/plains

Front 23

GOLD RUSH OF 1849

Back 23

began rush of pioneers to Oregon/California

Front 24

OVERLAND TRAIL

Back 24

trail used to get to Oregon/California; people walked, rode horses or took wagon trains

Front 25

HOMESTEAD ACT OF 1862

Back 25

gave away 48 mil acres, sold 100 mil to private citizens, 128 mil to railroad companies

Front 26

TIMBER CULTURE ACT OF 1873

Back 26

attempt to adjust homestead act so it would work better. 160 acres if plant trees on quarter of it w/in four years of settlement

Front 27

TIMBER AND STONE ACT OF 1878

Back 27

used for land not conducive to civilize beyond lumber and stone. allow anyone in CA, OR, WA to buy land 2.5 an acre

Front 28

NATIONAL RECLAMATION ACT

Back 28

1902-set aside most proceeds from lands in W. states to finance irrigation

Front 29

"HYDRAULIC" SOCIETY

Back 29

created from dams, canals and irrigation systems.

Front 30

ROMUALDO PACHECO

Back 30

1875-seve as gov. of CA and went to Congress

Front 31

LAS GORRAS BLANCAS

Back 31

secret org. of Spanish-Am attack movement of of Anglo Ranchers. cut fences, scatter livestock.

Front 32

INSTANT CITIES"

Back 32

cities that appeared extremely quickly due to gold rushes, railroads and other opportunites

Front 33

PLACER MINING

Back 33

to gert gold; not much skill or money needed to begin.

Front 34

COMSTOCK LODE

Back 34

Nevada ore (blackish blue) almost entirely gold/silver; Henry P.T Comstock talked his way into partnership of claim

Front 35

CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT

Back 35

Forbade Chinese from immigrating to America for 10 yrs

Front 36

FOREIGN MINERS TAX

Back 36

required all non-white miners to purchase mining license

Front 37

VAQUEROS

Back 37

original 'Cowboys'-Mexican; perfected use of brands, roundups, and roping

Front 38

WYOMING STOCK GROWERS ASSOCIATION

Back 38

largest/strongest association used to enforce rules for cowboys.

Front 39

EXODUSTERS

Back 39

Black families who moved to west in hopes of better/les segragated life

Front 40

DRY FARMING

Back 40

farming technique to help compensate for lack of water.

Front 41

NATIONAL GRANGE

Back 41

167 founded by Oliver h. Kelley who wanted to bring social, cultural, and educationalactivites to West.

Front 42

BONANZA FARMS

Back 42

1870s-huge famrs run by new machinary disintegrated in 1885/1890 due to little/no rain

Front 43

TURNER'S THESIS

Back 43

believed West shaped individualism, charcterand customs; foster invention/adaptation