Alphabet Soup

Front 1

What does the spleen do with the blood?

Back 1

It stores and produces blood, but most importantly, removes old blood cells from circulation

Front 2

What are the three types of bloodwork?

Back 2

PCV, CBC and Chemistry Panel

Front 3

Average percentage of blood in the PCV tube that is made of cells is?

Back 3

35%-50%

Front 4

What if the cells in the PCV tube are higher than 50%?

Back 4

the pet is dehydrated

Front 5

What if the cells in the PCV tube are lower than 50%?

Back 5

the pet is anemic

Front 6

What is included in a CBC?

Back 6

A complete blood count includes a hematocrite but look sat the three type of cells in the blood: RBC, WBC, and platelets

Front 7

Can the blood be clotted, when doing a CBC?

Back 7

The blood cannot be clotted, if the cells are bound together then you can't look at them well

Front 8

What keeps the blood from clotting in a lavender top tube?

Back 8

EDTA (ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid)

Front 9

What can larger RBC's show in CBC?

Back 9

If the cell show a larger RBC is shows its immature and is likely response to anemia

Front 10

What parasite can be shown in the CBC on the RBC?

Back 10

Hemobartonella

Front 11

What does HGB on the erythrocyte show?

Back 11

HGB is hemoglobin, and the oxygen carrying molecule with in the erythrocyte (RBC)

Front 12

What does the MCHC stand for in relation to a cropuscle or erythrocyte?

Back 12

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration

Front 13

What does the MCV stand for in relation to RBCs on a CBC?

Back 13

Mean Corpuscular Volume

Front 14

What is the retics in relation to the corpuscle analysis in a CBC?

Back 14

Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells that indicate a response by the body to anemia

Front 15

Types of White Blood Cells: Neutrophils

Back 15

most common type of white blood cell

Front 16

Types of White Blood Cells: Bands

Back 16

Immature neutrophils: their presence indicates a severe infection that requires the body to release cells before they are fully developed

Front 17

Types of White Blood Cells: Eosinophils

Back 17

When these cells are present in high numbers they often indicated the existence of an allergy or parasite

Front 18

Types of White Blood Cells: Basophils

Back 18

Least Common type of WBC

Front 19

What does a chemistry panel look at?

Back 19

the liquid portion of the blood, so the liquid must be separated out

Front 20

When doing a Chem Panel, what can happen if you don't use a SST?

Back 20

If you don't use an SST, the red blood cells will continue to use the glucose in the serum and give an artificially low glucose

Front 21

What do most of the chemistry panels test require the ability to do in there test? How can this be a problem ?

Back 21

Require the ability to detect a color change in the blood; If red blood cells are ruptured during the blood draw (hemolysis) then the color of the serum will be red (hemolytic) instead of the usual clear to straw color.

Front 22

Color change can occur because of hemolysis in a Chem Panel, and all because of what?

Back 22

If the pet have recently eaten, which causes a milky creamy appearance known as lipemia

Front 23

Chem Panels: ALP (Alk Phos)

Back 23

Elevation can indicate liver disease, adrenal gland disease, steroid usage, OR active bone growth in young pets

Front 24

Chem Panels: ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase)

Back 24

Sensitive indicator of liver damage, but doesn't indicate cause or reversibility

Front 25

Chem Panels: AST (Aspartate Transferase)

Back 25

Increased levels indicate liver dx or skeletal muscle damage

Front 26

Chem Panels: GGT (Gamma Glutamyl Transferase)

Back 26

Liver enzyme that can indicate liver disease or cortisol excess

Front 27

Chem Panels: T. BILI (Total Bilirubin)

Back 27

Elevations may indicate liver disease or hemolysis. Helpful in diagnosing types of anemia or bile duct disease

Front 28

Chem Panels: BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)

Back 28

An elevation indicates an increased level of metabolic waste products in the blood. Caused by kidney disease, dehydration or inability to urinate

Front 29

Chem Panels: CRE (Creatinine)

Back 29

This is value is more sensitive than the BUN

Front 30

Chem Panels: TP (Total Protein)

Back 30

Indicates hydration status as well as providing information regarding the liver, kidney, and infectious dx among others

Front 31

Chem Panels: ALB (Albumin)

Back 31

Serum protein that helps evaluate hydration, enteritis, hemorrhage, liver and kidney disease

Front 32

Chem Panels: GLOB (Globulin)

Back 32

Blood protein that often increases with chronic inflammation and certain disease status

Front 33

Chem Panels: Ca (Calcium)

Back 33

Abnormalities can occur with a variety of diseases including cancer and kidney disease

Front 34

Chem Panels: Cl (Chloride)

Back 34

This electrolyte is often lost with vomiting or Addison's disease, elevations can indicate dehydration

Front 35

Chem Panels: K (Potassium)

Back 35

Lost with vomiting, diarrhea or excessive urination. Increased levels are associated with kidney failure, Addison's disease, dehydration, and urinary obstruction. Very high levels can be fatal.

Front 36

Chem Panels: Na (Sodium)

Back 36

Electrolyte lost

Front 37

Chem Panels: PHOS (Phosphorus)

Back 37

Elevations associated with kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, and bleeding disorders

Front 38

Chem Panels: Na:K

Back 38

When this ratio is low Addison's disease is indicated

Front 39

Chem Panels: AMYL (Amylase)

Back 39

Elevations often associated with pancreatitis or kidney disease

Front 40

Chem Panels: LIP (Lipase)

Back 40

Pancreatic enzyme; may indicate pancreatitis or abnormal blood fats

Front 41

Chem Panels: GLU

Back 41

Glucose or blood "sugar" that is often elevated with stress or diabetes mellitus. When glucose is too low collapse and coma or possible

Front 42

Chem Panels: CORT (Cortisol)

Back 42

Hormone produced by the adrenal gland. Too high suggests Cushing's disease, too low suggests Addison's disease

Front 43

Chem Panels: CHOL (Cholesterol)

Back 43

Elevation can indicate recent meal or hyperthyroidism, liver disease, diabetes, Cushing's etc

Front 44

Chem Panels: CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase)

Back 44

A sensitive but not specific indicator of smooth muscle damage or atrophy

Front 45

Chem Panels: Osmolality

Back 45

Can help differentiate causes of low sodium, can aid in diagnosing anti-freezing poisoning