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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What % of the population have a food allergy? |
8% |
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What percentage of children have a food allergy? |
6-10% |
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Why is food allergy increasing? |
Environmental factors changing the way our immune system is programmed e.g. higher intake of processed food, less fruit/veg, 'cleaner' environment, decreased exposure to vitamin D |
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What 8 foods cause 90% of food allergies? |
My Sexy Emu Was Poledancing To Street Funk 1. Milk 2. Soy 3. Egg 4. Wheat 5. Peanut 6. Treenuts 7. Shellfish 8. Fish |
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How does an IgE food allergy trigger an allergic response in the body? |
1. Eat the food protein 2. Abnormal immune response 3. IgE antibodies bind to mast cells --> mast cells produce histamine (rather than tolerance). 4. High lvls of histamine causes reactions e.g. skin (hives), GI (vomiting), respiratory (SOB), general reaction = anaphylaxis |
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What is anaphylaxis? |
A generalised multi-system severe allergic reaction characterised by one or more symptoms or signs of: - Respiratory and/or cardiovascular involvement - Involvement of other systems such as the skin and or GI tract |
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What are some features of anaphylaxis? |
- Symptoms can start within minutes of exposure -Very small amounts can trigger a reaction -Possibly life-threatening |
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How does a non-IgE food allergy trigger an allergic response in the body? |
1. Eat the food protein 2. Immune response >2hrs (slower onset reaction) 3. Changes in the GI lining, inflamed mucosa, GI bleeding etc |
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What are 5 symptoms of a non-IgE mediated food allergy? |
1. Vomiting 2. Diarrhoea 3. Abo pain 4. Irritability 5. Poor growth |
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How is an IgE allergy diagnosed? |
Skin prick test Positive test anything >3mm |
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Does a positive skin prick test mean you will be allergic to that food? |
Nay! <50% positive SPT = allergy |
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How are non-IgE allergies diagnosed? |
No specific test available Often diagnosed through 1. ruling out other causes 2. exclusion diets and challenges |
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How are food allergies treated? |
1. Mild = antihistamine 2. Anaphylaxis = adrenaline |
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What is an appropriate alternative to cow's milk for an infant with a milk allergy? |
1. Soy-based infant formula 2. Extensively hydrolysed formula 3. Amino acid based formula |
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Is soy-milk an appropriate replacement for cow's milk for an infant with a cow's milk allergy who is <6 months old? |
No you big idiot! Becaussseee... 25% of infants <6 months old also have a soy allergy 5% of infants >6 months old also have a soy allergy So once they're past 6 months go for it! (unlucky if you're in the 5%) |
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Do food additives, that are derivatives of an allergen, require mandatory labelling as an allergen e.g. glucose as a derivative of wheat? |
No way baby! Only the proteins need to be avoided if you're allergic and these don't got em! |
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If a label says 'ALLERGEN, may be present' should a person with that allergy consume that product? |
NO ******* WAY! This means there has been as assessment of the product that means there is a risk if it is consumed Any other statement e.g. 'may be processed on equipment that contains' is voluntary and unregulated so can consume depending on their risk of consuming the product |
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What is the dietitian's role in food allergy? |
1. Advise how to eliminate foods known to cause problems 2. Ensure nutritional adequacy and variety in light of dietary restrictions 3. Ensure adequate growth and development 4. Practical advice regarding eating behaviour, shopping, cooking, label reading etc 5. E sure on-going follow-up |
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What is the difference between an immunological and a nonimmunological reaction to food? |
Immunological = food allergy Nonimmunological = food intolerance |
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What % of adults have a food allergy? |
5% |
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What % of peanut allergy persists into adulthood? |
80% |
