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180 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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α-metirosine
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R:Enzyme inhibitor//T:Phaeochromocytoma//ACT:blocks: Tyrosine → Levo DOPA. Stops A/NA overproduction by Adr medulla
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Carbidopa/ benserazide
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R:Enyme inhibitor//T:Parkinsons//ACT:blocks: Levo DOPA → Dopamine (periphery). Allows L-DOPA to cross BBB + Dopamine to brain
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Cocaine
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R://T:Antidepressant//ACT:Inhibits Uptake 1 in pre-synaptic varicosity
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tricyclic antidepressants (imipramine)
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R://T:Antidepressant//ACT:Inhibits Uptake 1 in pre-synaptic varicosity. CNS.
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isocarboxazid/phenelzine/ tranylcypromine
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R://T:Antidepressant//ACT:Monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Causes reversed uptake. CNS antidepressants.
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Moclobemide
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R://T:Antidepressant//ACT:Monoamine oxidase inhibitor. CNS antidepressants.
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Ephedrine
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R://T:reverse hypotension. Nasal decongestant //ACT:Displacing agent. Competes for uptake 1/vesicular uptake. - reverse uptake. ↑NA postsynaptic. Vasoconstiction. Decreased nasal oedema
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pseudoephedrine
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R://T:Nasal decongestant//ACT:Displacing agent.
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(met)amfetamine/ecstacy (MDMA)/ Tyramine (food)
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R://T://ACT:Displacing agents. Noradrenergic transmission in CNS and PNS.
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Methyldopa
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R:presynaptic α2. very weak α1 agonist.//T:last resort antihypertensive //ACT:Conversion to CH3-NA. α2 activation ↓ NA release. Sympatholytic effects. Activates a2 in medulla reducing basal sympathetic drive (action potentials)
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Adrenaline
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R:β1/α1/β2//T:CPResuscitation//ACT:↑heart rate + contraction/reverses vasodilation/brochodilation
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Phenylephrine/xlometazoline/oxymetazoline
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R:α1 agonst//T:Nasal decongestant//ACT:Vasoconstriction in the nose. Decrease of Oedema.
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Phenylephrine/metaraminol
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R:α1 agonst//T:emergency hypotension//ACT:Vasoconstriction
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Phenylephrine
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R:α1 agonst//T:To give mydriasis//ACT:Contraction of radial smooth muscle of eye - eye widening
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Clonidine/Moxonidine/ methyldopa
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R:α2 agonst//T:Hypertension//ACT:mainly centrally mediated ↓ SNS output to CVS. Clonidine for migrane.
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Isoprenaline
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R:β agonist//T:Bradycardia. Heart blaock (β1)//ACT:
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Dobutamine
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R:β1>β2//T:Cardiac infarction/surgery/shock//ACT:
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Dopamine
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R:β1>β2//T:Cardiogenic shock //ACT:Indirect NA release
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Salbutamol/Terbutaline
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R:β2 agonist//T:Asthma. Delay labour//ACT:bronchodilation. Relaxation of uterine muscle.
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Prazosin
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R:α1 antagonist//T:Hypertension. Raynauds. Urinary retention.//ACT:Blocks a1 in vascular smooth muscle. Blocks a1 in internal sphincter of bladder reducing contraction.
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Propanalol/atenolol
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R:β antagonist//T:Angina/arrhythmias/infarction/congestive heart failure//ACT:Also treats glaucoma inhibiting production of aqueous humour. Atenolol is β1 selective.
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Hemicholinium
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R://T://ACT:Blocks Na coupled Choline uptake to presynaptic varicosity
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Vesamicol
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R://T://ACT:Block ACh transport to vesicle in presynaptic varicosity
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Botulinum/α-latrotoxin/β-bugarotoxin
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R://T://ACT:Block ACh containing vesicle exocytosis in presynaptic varicosity. Botulinum - excessive saliva/facial wrinkles. A-latrotoxin = initial release + depletion. |
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Bethanechol
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R:M agonist//T:Urinary retention//ACT:contracts bladder smooth muscle (M3)
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Pilocarpine/ cevimeline(M3 selective)
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R:M agonist//T:Glaucoma. Xerohpthalmia. Xerostomia //ACT:Drainage channels for aqueous humour (M3 Ciliary muscles). Increased secretion (M3)
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Anticholinesterases
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R://T://ACT:Main effects on NMJ (relax). Parasympathomimetic - Bradycardia. Hypotension. Secretion. Broncho/pupil constriction.
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Atropine (General muscarinic antagonist)
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R:Non selective parasympatholytic//T://ACT:Counteract anticholinesterases and (with aAChE) reverse non depolarising blockers. Overcome bradycardia (heart M2). Antispasmodic (IBS) (GI M3)
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Hyoscine (scopolamine)
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R:M3 antagonist//T:Motion Sickness//ACT:Inhibits M3Rs in CNS
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Dicycloverine
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R:M antagonist//T:IBS//ACT:Inhibits GI M3 receptors
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Ipratropim
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R:M antagonist//T:Asthma//ACT:Inhibits lung M3Rs causing bronchodilation
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Tropicamide cyclopentaolate
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R:M antagonist//T:Eye Drops to cause mydriasis//ACT:inhibits circular muscle M3Rs.
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Glycopyrronium
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R:M antagonist//T:Excessive perspiration//ACT:Inhibits M3Rs in thermoregulatory sweat glands.
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Tolterodine/Darifenacin (M3 selective)
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R:M antagonist//T:Urinary incontinence//ACT:Inhibits M3Rs in detrusor smooth muscle of bladder
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Procaine/Lignocaine
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R://T:Local Anaesthetic //ACT:Blocks Na channels. Blocks Firing of AP along sensory nerve.
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Articaine (septanest)
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R://T:Local Anaesthetic //ACT:Blocks Na channels. Used with Adrenaline
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Mepivcaine (scandonest)
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R://T:Local Anaesthetic //ACT:Blocks Na channels.
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Botulinum/tetanus toxins + Hemicholinium
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R://T://ACT:Presynamptic acting drugs. Reduce ACh in synaptic cleft.
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Tubocurarine (curare)
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R:Non dep blocker (comp antagonist)//T://ACT:Prevents summation to sufficent EPP. Flaccid paralysis - eye/facial/limbs/pharynx/respiratory.anti- AChE reverses.
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Pancuronium
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R:Non dep blocker (c.a)//T://ACT: (-) Also blocks PSNS ganglionic nAChR
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Gallamine
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R:Non dep blocker (c.a)//T://ACT:-
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Cistatracurium
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R:Non dep blocker (c.a)//T://ACT:-
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Vecuronium
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R:Non dep blocker (c.a)//T://ACT:-
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Suxamethonium
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R:Depolarising blocker//T:mm relaxant (surgery)//ACT:Binds to and desensitises nAChR. Causes initial fasciculations. Hydrolysed by plasma cholinesterase.
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Edrophonium
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R:anticholinesterase //T:MG Diagnosis//ACT:Does not cross BBB
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Neostigmine
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R:anticholinesterase //T:MG treatment//ACT:Does not cross BBB. Used to reverse non-depolarising block
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Pyridostigmine
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R:anticholinesterase //T:MG treatment//ACT:NMJ>PSNS. Does not cross BBB.
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Distigmine
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R:anticholinesterase //T:Bladder emptying//ACT:Crosses BBB
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Dyflos
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R:anticholinesterase //T:Chemical warfare//ACT:Irreversible. Organophosphate. Crosses BBB.
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Parathion/Malathion
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R:anticholinesterase //T:Insectcicide//ACT:Organophosphate. Crosses BBB.
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Pralidoxime
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R:anti-AChE antidote//T://ACT:More reactive to phosphate group than acetylcholinesterase.
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Lovastatin/atorvastatin (statins)
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R:MHG CoA reductase inhibitor//T:Artherosclerosis prevention//ACT:↓Liver cholesterol synth. Increase (V)LDL R expression = decreased blood LDL. Compensatory ↑HDL. ↑HDL/LDL ratio.
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bazafibrate/ciprofibrate (fibrates)
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R:PPAR-α R agonist//T:Hypercholesterolemia//ACT:↑β-oxidation in liver. ↓hepatic triglyceride secretion. ↑LPL activity (VLDL clearance). ↑HDL
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Cholestipol/ Cholestyramine
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R://T://ACT:Bind bile acid in gut (↑loss). ↓Bile recirculation. ↑bile synthesis. ↓liver cholesterol. ↑LDL R expression.
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Nitrates
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R://T:Angina//ACT:NO (EDRF). ↓Preload/afterload - ↓Heart work at the expense of some BP. ↑Coronary vasodilation/collateral flow. Anti platelet/thrombosis
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Propanolol/atenolol/ carvedilol (β-Blockers)
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R:β1+2/β1 selective/also blocks α1//T:Chronic stable angina//ACT:Reduce mycardial O2 demand. Carvedilol also improves coroonary perfusion.
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Phenylalkylamines (verapamil)
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R:L type VGCC (heart)//T:Angina//ACT:Blocks Ca channels. Coronary artery vasodilation. Reduce O2 demand of the heart. Quite heart selective.
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Dihydropedines (nifidipine)
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R:L type VGCC (mainly vasculature)//T:Hypertension//ACT:reduces Ca flow to smooth muscle. Reduces vasoconstriction
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Benzothiazepine (diltiazem)
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R:L type VGCC//T:moderate angina/ moderate hypertension//ACT:intermediate effect of dihydropedines and phenylalkylamines. Can treat mild forms of both
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Aspirin
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R:COX//T:NSAID. Recuces risk of second heart attack//ACT:Inhibits thromboxane production via COX - antiplatelet effect. Low dose only affects COX in platelets, not endothelium.
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Ranolazine
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R:Na+ channel//T:Cardiac dysfunction following ischemia//ACT:Blocks late entry of Na+ - reduces excitability of heart. ↓angina in those with CA disease. Exercise tolerance for those on atenolol/diltiazem. ↑QT
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Thiazides (hydrochlorothiazide/ chlorthalidone)
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R:Na+Cl- symporter (DCT)//T:Hypertension//ACT:Diuresis at CD following ↑Na+ and causing ↑K+loss. ↓uric acid/Mg/Ca excretion. Also direct vasodilator action.
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Dihydropyridines (nefedipine/amlodipine)
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R:VGCC blocker//T:Hypertension//ACT:Reduces peripheral resistance/filling pressure
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Prazosin/Doxazosin
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R:a1 blocker//T:Hypertension//ACT:antagonise effect of noradrenaline at a1 receptors
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ACE inhibitors (Captopril/ Enalapril)
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R:ACE//T:Hypertension//ACT:Anti Angiotensin II (vasoconstrictor/Na retention [actions blocked]) fast effect. Slow effect to block thirst - control of blood volume
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Ang II blocker (Losartan)
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R:AT1 receptor block//T:Hypertension//ACT:Similar to ACE inhibitors but blocks receptors rather than synthesis
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K+ activators (Minoxidil/ Pinacidil)
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R:K+ channels (smooth muscle cells)//T:Hypertension//ACT: K+ hyperpolariases the cell. Calcium entry is inhibited (dependent on membrane potential)
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Ganglion Blockers (guanadrel)
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R:Peripheral adrenergic neuron//T:Uncontrollable Hypertension//ACT:substitutes for NA in uptake 1. reduces SNS neurotransmission.
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α-methylydopa
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R://T:Hypertension not responsive to modern treatment//ACT:Converted to methyl-NA. not metabolised by MAO. Displaces NA in synaptic vesicles. Reduces renin secretion (β1 effect in Kidney). Reduces Ang II
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Class Ia (quinidine)
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R:Na+ channel blocker (moderate)//T:Ventricular arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation.//ACT:↑ AP duration/Effective refractory period. Moderate ↓ phase 0. Self targets active area (use dependent). Slows phase 4 (lower Na+ic)
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Class Ib (Lignocaine)
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R:Na+ channel blocker (weak)//T:After or during a MI. ventricular tachycardia//ACT:↓ APD. Small decrease in phase 0. Increases ERP (not common for Ib). Decrease conduction (especially ischemic tissue). Suppress automacity.
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Class Ic (Flecainide)
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R:Na+ channel blocker (strong) //T:WPW syndrome. Post MI. Tachyarrhythmias. //ACT:↓Phase 0. minimal APD effect. ↑ ERP. Also inhibits SR release channels. Suppress automacity.
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Class II (Atenolol)
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R:β-blockers //T:Supraventricular tachycardia. ↑ Post MI survival.//ACT:Decrease SNS drive to heart. ↑ERP/APD. Decrease SAN/AVN conduction.
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Class III (Amiodarone)
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R:K+ channel blocker //T:WPW syndrome. V tachycardia. A fibrillation.//ACT:Increase K+ic. Prolongs ERP. Less haemodynamic depression than II.
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Class III (Solatol)
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R:K+ channel blocker //T://ACT:
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Class III Bretylium
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R:K+ channel blocker //T://ACT:
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Class IV (Verapamil)
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R:Ca2+ channel blocker (AVN)//T:Supraventricular tachycardia. Atrial fibrilation. //ACT:Blovks AVN (Ca dependent) ↓conduction velocity. Reduces O2 demand. Blocks atrial fibrilation by reducing ventricular work.
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Class IV (Nifedipine)
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R:Ca2+ channel blocker (Vasculature)//T:Hypertension//ACT:Acts on smooth muscle
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Class IV (Diltiazem)
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R:Ca2+ channel blocker (cadiac/vasculature)//T://ACT:Intermediat action of Verapamil + Diltiazem
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Physiological (Mg2+)
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R://T:Ventricular arrhythmia (ischemic cells) especially is there is hypomagnesemia//ACT:Reduce Ca2+ entry to sarcolemma. Regulates ATP production. Depleted in ischaemic cells.
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Physiological (Adenosine)
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R://T:SVT//ACT:Enhances K current in Atrial tissue to prolong ERP
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Class V Digoxin
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R:Vagal stimulant//T:SVT//ACT:↓HR. suppress AV conduction
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Digitoxin
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R:Na+/K+ pump//T:Heart failure. Atrial fibrillation//ACT:Na/K pump inhibition. ↑[Na]ic. ↑[Ca]ic (Na/Ca exchanger). SR CICR. Icreased contraction strength. Lipophilic. ↑Force/Excitability. ↓AVN conduction/rate of contraction. Effective/Toxic ranges very similar.
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Digoxin
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R:Na+/K+ pump//T:-//ACT:(-) lipophobic.
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Dopamine
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R:β-1 sympathomimetic //T:Acute heart failure (sepsis/post op). Shock//ACT:Given I.V. At high doses binds lowe affinity a1 receptors.
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Dobutamine
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R:B1/a1 cancelling //T:-//ACT:Net effect is cardiac stimulation with minimal vasodilation
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Milrinone/Amrinone (transduction SNSmimetics)
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R:cAMP phosphodiesterase//T:Only when all other treatments fail//ACT:Inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase. Increases PKA activity. Clinical trials show no real benefit.
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Nitrates
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R:Endothelium//T:Acute Heart failure. Ease angina. //ACT:Metabolised to produce NO. vasodilation causing preload and afterload decrease. Reduce cardiac load. lowers VR curve-↑CO when decompensated
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Furosemide
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R:Loop Diuretic (kidney)//T:Pulmonary/refractory oedema. Renal failure//ACT:Powerful diuretic. Up to 30% filtered Na. reduces Na reabsorption. Decreases venous pressure
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hydrochlorothiazide
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R:Thisazide (kidney)//T:HF with high BP//ACT:Mild diuretic (<10%). Acts at distal tubule. Direct vasodilator.
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Amiloride/spirononlactone
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R:K+ sparing (kidney)//T:Combination to recuce K loss//ACT:Weak diuretic (<5%). Useful for controlling K+ loss.
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ACE inhibitors (Captopril/ Analapril)
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R:ACE (kidney)//T:HF + high BP//ACT:Inhibits production of Ang II. Inhibit aldosterone production. Vasodilation (reduced bradykinin breakdown). Controls K loss.
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Ang II receptor inhibitor (Lorsartan)
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R:At1 receptor block//T:HF + high BP//ACT:Recuces effects of Ang II
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Warfarin
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R:Vit K Reductase//T://ACT:Inhibits Y-Carboxyglutamic acid presentation on tissue factor surface. (TF 2/7/9/10). Metabolised in liver (t1/2 ~ 40hours). [long term therapy]
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Heparin (Heparin/calciparine/ minihep/monoparin)
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R:Antithrombin III//T://ACT:I.V. Binds and activates +ve charged ATIII. Removes TF2a/10a from blood stream before it complexes with fibrin. Binds plasma proteins/mphage/endothelial cells reducing binding sites (initial saturating bolus given). Platelet factor 4 released and inhibits. [short term therapy]
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LMW Heparin
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R:Antithrombin III//T://ACT:Works on TF10a only. Doesn’t bind plasma proteins.
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Hiruden (hirugen/angiomax)
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R:Thrombin//T://ACT:Binds thrombin active site. Fewer bleeding s/a. no greater efficacy over heparin. Used with antibody patients/coronary angioplasty.
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Aspirin
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R:COX //T:Acute MI combination with fibrinolytic drugs. //ACT:Alters balance of TXA2 (from platelets-activates platelets) and PGI2 (from endothelial cells-inhibits platelets). Platelets take a week to replace.
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ADP receptor antagonists (Ticlopidine/Clopidogrel/ Prasugrel/Ticagrelor)
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R:P2Y12R//T:reduce stroke ~ MI/Stroke //ACT:Ticlodipine has an efficacy similar to Aspirin. Others are all similar but Clopidogrel slightly lower so less bleeding risk.
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Ilb/ Illa receptor antagonists (Abciximab/Tirofiban)
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R://T:coronary Angioplasty ~//ACT:ab fragment ~ mimicing peptides
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Epoprostenol
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R:Prostaglandin agonist//T://ACT:PGI2 has an inhibitory effect on Ca levles in the platlet
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Dipyridamole
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R:Phosphodiesterase inhib//T://ACT:increases cAMP levels. cAMP has an inhibitory effect on platelet Ca
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Streptokinase
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R:Plasminogen activator//T:Acute MI/Thrombolyic stroke/ thromboembolism//ACT:Fibrinolytic peptide. Activates plasminogen to plasmin which cleaves fibrin.
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Recombinant tPA (alteplase/ duteplase/reteplase)
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R:Plasminogen activator//T://ACT:Fibrinolytic peptide. More active at bound plasminogen so 'clot specific'
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Tranexamic Acid
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R:Plasminogen inhibitor//T:Small surgery//ACT:Antifibrinolytic drugs.
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Aprotinin
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R:Plasmin inhibitor //T:High risk of loss after heart S//ACT:Antifibrinolytic drugs.
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Salbutamol/Terbutaline
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R:B2//T:Used in asthmatic attack by inhalation as required//ACT:Bronchospasmolysis. Increased ciliary clearance of mucous. Mast cell mediators inhibited.
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Salmeterol
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R:B2//T:Used prophylactically//ACT:used for permanent bronchoconstriction
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Ipratropim
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R:M3 antagonist//T://ACT:Inhalation. Bronchospasmolysis - relaxation of smooth muscle. ↓ mucous
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Methylxanthines (theopylline/aminophylline)
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R:not sure (maybe phosphodiesterase inhibition)//T:Status asthmaticus//ACT:In caffeine. ↑mucous clearance. Some anti-inflammatory action. Slow I.V. Low therapeutic index.
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Glucocorticoids (-sone suffix)
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R://T://ACT:Decrease Th2 IL release. Induction of Lipocortin - inhibition of Phospholipids>A Acid (↓leukotrine/prostaglandins). Counteract B2 downregulation.
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Mast cell stabilisers (nedocromil/cromogligate)
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R://T://ACT:Prevent mast cell degranulation. Reduce early and late phases. Used for prophylaxis. Inhalation.
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Leukotrine R antagonists (lukast suffex)
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R:LT1 antagonist//T://ACT:add on therepy to corticosteroids in moderate uncontrolled asthma
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NSAID. B-Blocker. Anti-cholinesterases
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R://T://ACT:Drug induced asthma. Careful use in asthmatics.
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Lidocaine (lignocaine)/ procaine
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R://T://ACT:most applications. Infiltration/nerve block/intravenous. Also used to treat arrhythmias. Procaine poor absorption - not infilatration
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Cocaine
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R://T://ACT:Vconstrict. Sympathomimetic. Surface anaesthesia.
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Articaine/mepivicaine
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R://T://ACT:dentistry and mepivicaine for intra-articular anaesthesia
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Bupvicaine
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R://T://ACT:infiltration/merve block/epidural (surgery/labour)
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Prilocaine
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R://T://ACT:Surface/epidural/nerve block/intravenous. Low toxicity
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Benzocaine
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R://T://ACT:Permanently uncharged. Surface anaesthesia
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Glutamate:
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R://T:Excitatory //ACT:Ketamine (NMDA channel blocker) Memantine (NMDA R antgonist-memory)
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GABA:
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R://T:Inhibitory //ACT:Vigabatrine (GABA TA inhib) Benzodiazepines/barbituates (sedative) Baclophen (GABAb agonist muscle relaxant) GHB (abuse)
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Stroke:
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R://T://ACT:Fibrinolytics (alteplase) if caused by haemmorhage. Na channel inhib
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Parkinsons:
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R://T://ACT:Levodopa (replace dopa) Paramipexole/Ropinirole/Bromocriptine (mimic dopa) amantidine (release dopa) selegiline/rasegiline (MAO-B inhib) benzatropine (ACh antagonist)
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Huntingtons:
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R://T://ACT:Baclofen (GABAb agonist) Tetrabenazine (dopamine depleting)
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Barbiturates (phenobaritone)
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R:GABAA receptor//T://ACT:Potentiates GABA. Increases duration of Cl- ion channel opening. Block AMPA. Inhibit Ca2+ NT release.
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Benzodiazepines
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R:GABAA receptor//T://ACT:Increase probability of channel opening. Treats anxiety/insomnia/seizurre and dental pre-med. Short/intermediate (insomnia). Long (anxiety). Long term psychological? Inhibit NMDA/nAChR. ↑toxicity with alcohol/opiates
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Midazolam
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R:BDZ//T://ACT:Hypnotic/pre-med
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Lorazepam
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R:BDZ//T://ACT:Hypnotic/sedative/anxiolytic/muscle relaxant
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Diazepam
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R:BDZ//T://ACT:Hypnotic/anxiolytic/anticonvulsant
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fluoxetine/citalopram
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R:SSRI//T://ACT:Antidepressants/anxiogenic.
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Buspirone
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R:5HT1A partial agonist //T://ACT:less sedation/motor incoordination/tolerance/dependence. Similar efficacy to BDZ. Action takes days/doesn’t stop BDZ withdrawal/adaptive changes
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Hypnotics
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R:GABAA receptor//T://ACT:Zolpiadem potentiates at BDZ site. Zopiclone at non BDZ site
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Gabapentin
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R:GABA //T://ACT:GABA mimetic/agonist
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Valproate
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R://T://ACT:Potentiate at GABAA. Inhibit GABA-T. Inhibit SSA dehydrogenase
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Vigabatrin
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R://T://ACT:Inhibit GABA T
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Tigabine
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R://T://ACT:Inhibit GABA reuptake (neuronal/glial)
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Carbamazepine/phenytoin
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R://T://ACT:Na+ channel blockers. Prefferentially bind inactive form. Reduces firing of active neurons. Blocks high frequency repetitive firing. C for trigem neuralgia
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Ethosuximide/lamotrigine/ gabapentin
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R://T://ACT:Block voltage-activated calcium channels. Ethosuxamide for absence seizures.
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Talampanel/Tezampanel
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R:AMPA antagonists//T://ACT:
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Partial seizure drugs
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R://T://ACT:Carbamazepine/Lamotrigine 1st line. Also sodium valproate/phenobarbitone/phenytoin/ritagabine
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General seizure drugs
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R://T://ACT:Carbamazepine/valproate/phenytoin/phenobarbitone/lamotrigene (not myoclonic)
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Topiramate
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R://T://ACT:GABA potentiation. AMPA/Kainate antagonist
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Levetiracetam
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R://T://ACT:Bind synaptic vesicle protein 2A. Prevent hypersynchronisation/propagation
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Felbamate
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R://T://ACT:Weak potentiation of GABAA. NMDA antagonist
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Myoclonic seizures
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R://T://ACT:Sodium valproate/levetiracetem/topiramate
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1st generation
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R:H1 antagonists//T://ACT:Treat allergy/nausia/vomiting. Sedative. Promethazone. Diphenhydramine. Also can be used as dental sedatives.
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2nd generation
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R:H1 antagonists//T://ACT:Less CNS depression (drowsiness). Fexofendine/certirizine (hayfever/allergy/ angiodema/urticaria)/loritadine/cinnarizine
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Cimentidine/ranitidine
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R:H2 antagonist //T://ACT:Cimentidine treats heartburn/peptic ulcers. Ranitidine ulcers/GERD/urticaria
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Salicylic acid (aspirin)
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R:COX inhibition//T://ACT:Weak acid. Low dose (antiplatelet) medium dose (analgesic) high dose (antiinflammatory).
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Paracetamol
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R://T://ACT:weak antipyretic/anti-inflammatory. Mild analgesic. Peroxide acting. 2/3x dose is toxic - saturates glucuronidiation/sulfation - metabolised by CYP450 - produces NAPQI. If not glutathione conjugated - toxic to DNA/proteins
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Ibuprofen
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R://T://ACT:Antiinflammatory/antipyretic/analgesic. Mild antiplatelet. Vasodilation.
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Rofecoxib/meloxicam/ celecoxib
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R:COX2 inhibitor//T://ACT:reduces risk of peptic ulceration.
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Zairlukast/montelukast
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R:CycLTR antagonist//T://ACT:reduce CysLTR (bronchoconstrict/vasodilate/extravasation/hayfever)
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morphine
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R:mew partial agonist//T://ACT:agonist to high enough level to cause analgesia
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Buprenorphine/Naloxone
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R:mew partial agonist//T://ACT:also antagonist at kappa/delta
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Pentazocine
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R:K agonist. M antagonist//T://ACT:analgesia but no euphoria. Can cause depression/withdrawal symptoms
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Disulfiram
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R://T://ACT:Aversive therapy for alcoholics
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Baclofen
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R:GABAb agonist//T://ACT:Reduces alcohol/opioid/stimulant craving
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Methadone
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R:mew agonist//T://ACT:Not as potent as morphine/heroin. Not as many withdrawal symptoms - stabilise the person then maintain or withdraw
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anandamide
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R://T://ACT:endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist
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Ecstasy (MDMA)
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R://T://ACT:Seratonin transprter reuptake inhibitor
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Rimonabant
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R:CB1 antagonist //T://ACT:anti-obesity anti-smoking.
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LSD/Psilocybin
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R:5HT2A agonists//T://ACT:Hallucinogen
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Phencyclidine(PCP)/Ketamin
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R:NMDA antagonist//T://ACT:inhibition of neurons in nucleus accumbens
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Leptin
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R://T://ACT:Produced with increased adipose. Reduces apetite. Receptors may not work or be stopped. Orexin works the other way
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Orestat
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R://T://ACT:Pancreatic lipase inhibitor. Prevent lipid absorption
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Methylcellulose
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R://T://ACT:Bulk-forming agent (not absorbed)
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5HT2 antagonists/fluoxetine
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R://T://ACT:Side effect of increased apetite
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MAOI (Iproniazid/ moclobemide)
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R://T://ACT:Typical
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TCA (Imipramine/ amitriptyline)
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R://T://ACT:Typical
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SSRI (fluoxetine/citalopram)
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R://T://ACT:Typical
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NARI (reboxetine)
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R://T://ACT:Typical
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venlafaxine
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R://T://ACT:Atypical. 5HT-NA reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
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Trazodone
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R://T://ACT:Atypical. 5HT2 antagonist + SSRI
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Nefazedone
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R://T://ACT:Atypical. 5HT2 antagonist + SSRI + SNRI
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Mirtazapine/Mianserin
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R://T://ACT:Atypical. a2 adrenoceptor + 5HT antagonist
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Lithium
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R://T://ACT:anti epileptic to control mania
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1st line
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R://T://ACT:Atypical (5HT2 and D2 antagonist). Risperidone. Quetiapine. Zotepine
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2nd line
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R://T://ACT:Clozapine (atypical). Haloperidol (typical - D2-receptor antagonist)
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