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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is blood alcohol concentration(BAC)?
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The amount of alcohol in in the blood in terms of weight per unit volume; used as a measure of intoxication.
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Where is the main site of blood alcohol metabolism(BAM)?
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The liver. However a small amount is metabolized through the stomach. About 2-10% is excreted unchanged by the lungs kidneys and sweat glands.
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Blood alcohol absorption(BAA). How does it occur/ were is alcohol absorbed?
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About 20% is rapidly absorbed from the stomach.
About 75% through the upper part of the small intestine. The rest further along the gastrointestinal tract. |
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What is alcohol?
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The intoxicating ingredient in fermented or distilled beverages; a colorless, pungent liquid.
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What is proof value?
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Two times the percentage of alcohol by volume
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How much alcohol does one drink(standard drink) typically contain?
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About 0.6 ounces of alcohol.
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What is metabolism?
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The chemical transformation of food and other substances in the body into energy and wastes.
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What is cirrhosis?
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A disease in which the liver is severely damaged by alcohol other toxins or infection.
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What is cardiac myopathy?
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Weakening of the heart muscle through disease.
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What is fetal alcohol syndrome(FAS)
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A characteristic group of birth defects caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother.
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What is alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder(ARND) ?
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Cognitive and behavior problems seen in people whose mothers drank alcohol during pregnancy.
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What is alcohol abuse?
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The use of alcohol to a degree that causes physical damage, impairs functioning, or results in behavior harmful to others.
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What is alcohol dependence or alcoholism?
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Use of alcohol characterised by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms.
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What is binge drinking?
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Drinking alcohol to the point of intoxication in a small amount of time. About 5 drinks rapidly.
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What is a hallucination?
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A false perception not corresponding to external reality.
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What are delirium tremens(the DTs)?
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A type of withdrawal symptom like confusion.
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What is nicotine?
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A poisonous addictive substance found in tobacco and responsible for many tobacco effects.
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What is cigarette tar?
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A brown sticky mass made when particles in tobacco smoke condense.
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What is a carcinogen?
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Any substance that causes cancer.
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what is a cocarcinogen?
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A substance that works with a carcinogen to cause cancer.
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What is sidestream smoke?
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The uninhaled smoke from a burning cigarette.
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What is the cerebral cortex?
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The outer layer of the brain which controls complex behavior and mental activity.
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What is coronary heart disease(CHD) or coronary artery disease?
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A disease caused by the hardening of the arteries that supply oxygen to the heart muscle.
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what is atherosclerosis?
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A disease caused by plaque.
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What is plaque?
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A deposit on the inner walls of blood vessels
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What is myocardial infarction?
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A heart attack caused by the complete blockage of a main coronary artery.
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What is emphysema?
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A disease with lung tissue elasticity loss, and breakup of the air sacs that cannot obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
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What is chronic bronchitis?
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Chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
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What is environmental tobacco smoke?(ETS)
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Secondhand smoke
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What is mainstream smoke?
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Smoke thats blown out of a smoker's mouth.
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