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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alcohol |
cns depressent absorbed rapidly initial effects relaxation and loss of inhibitions overdose fatal life threatening |
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Intoxication |
slurred speach unsteady gait lack of coordination impaired attention |
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Overdose |
excessive alcohol iintake in a short period vomiting unconsciousness respiratory depression aspiration pneumonia pulmonary obstruction |
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withdrawal |
begins 4-12 hours after withdrawal peaks at 2nd day and over in 5 days |
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Detox alcohol withdrawal is |
life threatening must be accomplished under medical supervision |
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Safe withdrawal alcohol |
usually accomplished with admin of benzo
must be tapered ciwa |
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long term effects of alcohol |
cardiac myopathy wernicke=korsakoff syndrome hepatitis cirhosis ascites |
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Sedative/hypnotics/anxiolytics |
includes all cns depressant drugs |
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sedative intoxication |
slurred speech lack of coordination unsteady gait |
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benzo overdose |
rarely fatal |
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benzo overdose sx |
lethargy confusion sx improve as drug is excreted |
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benzo treatment |
gastric lavage activated charcoal saline cathartic dialysis |
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Barbituates |
can cause coma resp arrest cardiac failure and death barb overdose life threatening |
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barb treatment |
lavage dialysis support resp and cardiac function |
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Sedative/hypnotics/anxiolytics withdrawal |
onset 6 hrs to 1 week |
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Sedative/hypnotics/anxiolytics withdrawal sx |
autonomic hyperactivity hand tremor insomnia anxiety nausea psychomotor aitation |
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Detox |
often accomplished by medically tapering over a period of days/weeks |
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tapering essential with barbituates |
to prevent coma death that occur if D/C abruptly |
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Stimulants |
include drugs that stimulate excite the cns limited clinical use high potential for abuse |
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Cocaine |
highly addictive produces immediate feeling of euphoria |
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methamphetamine |
very dangerous highly addictive causes psychotic behavior results in brain damage |
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stimulant intoxication |
develops rapidly high feeling hyperactivity hypervigilance talkativeness anxiety grandiosity hallucination anger fighting imparied judgement |
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stimulant physiologic sx |
tachycardia increased bp dilated pupils chills |
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stimulant overdose |
seizures coma death Rare |
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stimulant treatment |
antipspychotic meds controls hallucinations decreases bp relieves nausea |
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Marijuana |
most widely used illicit substance in the us |
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mj short term effects |
lowers intraocular pressure relieves nausea promotes appetite |
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opioids |
popular drug of abuse desensitizes the user to both physiologic psychologic pain and induces sense of euphoria well being |
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opioids include |
potent prescription analgesics and illegal substances |
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opioids overdose |
life threatenin overdose can lead to coma respiratory depression pupillary constriction unconsciousness death |
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opioid overdose tx |
narcan |
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opioid withdrawal |
anxiety restlessness aching back and legs cravings for more opioids not life threatening |
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opioids progressed withdrawal sx |
nausea/vomiting diarrhea dysphoria lacrimation rhinorrhea sweating |
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opioid detox methadone |
reduces sx to no worse than a mild case used as replacement for opioids dose is continuously decreased over 2 weeks |
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naltrexone opiate detox |
blocks effects of opiates may cause headache restlessness or irritability take with food or milk |
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catapres opiate detox |
suppresses opiate withdrawal sx take bp before each dose |
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halucinogens |
includes substances that distorts the users perception of reality and produce sx similar to psychosis ecstasy pcp |
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hallucinogens intoxication sx |
anxiety depression paranoid idealation ideas of reference fear of losing ones mind |
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hallucinogens physiologic sx |
sweating tachycardia plpitations blurred vision tremors lack of coordination |
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hallucinogens withdrawal |
no withdrawal syndrome can produce flashback |
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hallucinogens overdose |
toxic reactions to hall primarily psychologic overdoses do not occur |
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pcp toxicity |
seizures hypertension hyperthermia respiratory depression |
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hallucinogens detox |
pcp: medication used to control seizures and bp cooling devices mehcanical ventilation general treatment support isolation physical restraings |
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inhalants |
diverse group of drugs that include anesthetics nitrates and organic solvents |
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inhalants can cause |
significant brain damage peripheral nervous system damage and liver disease |
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inhalant intoxification |
dizziness nystagmus lack of coordination slurred speech unsteady gait tremor muscle weakness blurred vision |
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inhalant significant behavioral sx |
belligerence aggression apathy imparied judgement inability to function |
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inhalant overdose |
anorexia respiratory depression vagal stimulation dysrhythmias death |
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Inhalant treatment |
supporting resp cardiac functioning cranberry juice given to excrete substance faster no antidotes |
