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145 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Area on land or water that is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and includes its buildings and facilities, if any.
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Airport
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___________ are runways, taxiways, and other selected areas of an airport/ heliport that are used for takeoff and landing aircraft, taxing, hover taxing, and air taxing. |
Movement Areas
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_______ are taxiways and apron (ramp) areas on the airport which are not under the control of ATC.
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Non-movement Areas
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What color are the markings for runways and landing areas?
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White
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What color are the markings for taxiways, closed and hazardous areas, and holding positions?
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Yellow
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What are Runway Designators?
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Identifies runways by a number, or a number and a letter determined by the direction of approach.
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_______ identifies the physical center of the runway and provides alignment guidance to pilots during takeoffs and landings operations.
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Runway Centerlines
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What color are Runway Centerlines Markings?
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White
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How long are the stripes in a Runway Centerlines Markings
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120 ft
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The gaps in a Runway Centerline are ________ in length.
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80 ft
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What is the marking that closely identifies the actual beginning point of the runway used for landings?
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Runway Threshold
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Markings that consists of a pattern of longitudinal stripes of uniform dimensions spaced symmetrically about the runway centerline
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Runway Threshold Markings
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What color are Runway Threshold Markings
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White
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The standard length of Runway threshold stripes are...
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150 ft
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What is the name of the markings that provide a visual aiming point for landing operations and is also included in the touchdown zone on a runway?
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Runway Aiming Pont Markings
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What color are the Runway Aiming Point Markings?
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White
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How far is the Runway Aiming Point Markings from the landing threshold?
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1000 ft
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How long are the Runway Aiming Point Markings?
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150 ft.
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What are the symmetrical arranged pairs of rectangular bars in groups of one, two, and three along the runway centerline?
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Touchdown Zone Markings
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Runway touchdown zone markings identify the touchdown zone along a precision runway in ____ increments?
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500-foot
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Who is responsible for balancing air traffic demand with the system's capacity to ensure that the maximum and most efficient utilization of the NAS is maintained?
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Traffic Management System (TMS)
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An Automated Flight Service Station has the primary function of providing ________.
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Pilot briefings and receiving and processing flight plans
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Which position in the Tower ensures separation?
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Local and Ground Controllers
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In a Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) facility, who has the responsibility for the safe and efficient operation of a sector?
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Radar team
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What lighting system consists of a pair of synchronized white flashing strobe lights located laterally on each side of the runway?
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Runway End Identifier Lights (REIL)
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To apply the lateral departure divergence rule, departing aircraft must be assigned specified headings which diverge by at least _____ degrees.
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45 degrees
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Radar separation at or above FL600 requires how many miles of separation between aircraft?
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The two subsystems for disseminating aeronautical information are _______.
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AIS and NOTAMs
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Responsibility for validating NOTAM data and operating the National NOTAM System belongs to _______.
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Every person and thing required to successfully get a plane from one location to another.
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National Airspace System (NAS)
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Who is responsible for managing the NAS?
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FAA
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What regulates all modes of transportation such as railroads, highways, waterways, and airways?
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Department of Transportation (DOT)
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What manages the Air Traffic Organization (ATO)?
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Chief Operating Officer (COO)
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How many regional offices are there?
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9
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Who leads the regional offices located across the country and the Mike Aeronautical Center in OKC?
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Office of the Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regions and Center Operations (ARC) |
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Who is responsible for ensuring the safety, efficiency and security of air traffic operations across the entire National Airspace System?
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Air Traffic Organization (ATO)
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What is Bernoulli's Principle?
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The internal pressure of a fluid (liquid or gas) decreases at points where the speed of the fluid increases
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Flow through a tube with a reduced cross sectional area ________ fluid speed and ________ fluid pressure. |
increases; decreases
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When there is a pressure difference between opposing sides of a surface
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Pressure Differential
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What is the primary source of lift around an airfoil?
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Pressure Differential
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What causes the higher pressure area below the airfoil to try to equalize pressure by pushing (lifting) airfoil toward the lower pressure area above?
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Pressure Differential
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"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction"
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Newton's Third Law of Motion
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A secondary source of lift is an ______ force generated by air striking the underside of an airfoil and being deflected _________
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upward; downward
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the direction of the airflow produced by an object moving through the air.
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Relative Wind
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The relative wind for an aircraft in flight flows in a direction ______ with and ______ to the direction of flight.
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parallel; opposite
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the actual flight path of the aircraft determines the direction of the _____
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relative wind
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What are the 3 principle airfoils that produce lift on an aircraft?
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Wing, Horizontal tail surface, propeller
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What are the 3 parts of the airfoil?
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Leading edge, trailing edge, chord line
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An imaginary line drawn from the leading edge to the trailing edge of a cross section of an airfoil
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Chord Line
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the acute angle formed between the chord line of an airfoil and the direction of the air striking the airfoil (relative wind).
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Angle of attack
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The angle of attack is based on the _______
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Relative Wind
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curvature of the airfoil from the leading edge to the trailing edge
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Camber
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Why is the camber or curvature of a wing designed?
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Type of aircraft, Planned speed of the aircraft, weight of the aircraft, and the planned use of the aircraft.
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The shape or form of a wing as viewed from above is called the?
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Wing platform
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The ____ _____ is dependent on the use of the aircraft.
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planform design
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What are the factors of lift generated by the wing?
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Speed of the wing through the air, angle of attack, planform of the wing, wing area, density of air, camber
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What are the 4 forces affecting flight?
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Lift, Weight, Thrust, Drag
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What is theminimum non- radar longitudinal separation with two air craft using DME in miles and minutes?
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10 minute or 20 miles
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What is the minimum degree of divergence that may be assigned for the departure divergence rule?
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45 degrees
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The minimum terminal radar separation required for two aircraft 30 NM from the antenna is __________ miles?
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3 |
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The minimum en route radar separation required for two aircraft below FL 600 is ________ miles?
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5
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For a tower to provide visual separation between two arriving IFR aircraft, what condition has to exist?
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Both aircraft must be visually observed by the tower.
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Holding is used for?
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Traffic En Route Arrive Delays Weather at Destination Flow Control Spacing |
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What are the two subsystems for disseminating aeronautical information?
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Airmen's Information System and NOTAM system
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Relatively strong winds concentrated within a narrow, horizontal band in the upper troposphere. |
Jet Stream |
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Jet streams flows from ______ to _______, but the flow often shifts to the __________ and ________ due to weather systems and seasonal changes. |
West;east North; south |
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What are the two identifiers for jet streams? |
Polar jet stream and subtropical jet stream |
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Polar jet stream is located between _____ and _____ _______? |
30 degrees; 60 degrees latitude |
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Subtropical jet stream are located between ______ and ______ ______. |
20 degrees; 40 degrees latitude |
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Jet streams are associated with the boundaries between ____ and _____ air. |
Hot; cold |
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When are jet streams the strongest? |
Winger |
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Jet streams causes aircraft to move at different _______ ______. |
Ground speeds |
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Which layer of the atmosphere is stable and generally devoid of significant weather? |
Stratosphere |
Stratosphere |
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What is the value of the sea level pressure in the standard atmosphere? |
29.92 inches of mercury |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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The change of ice to water vapor? |
Sublimation |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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The change of ice to water vapor? |
Sublimation |
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A measure of hotness or coldness of the air |
Temperature |
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Water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water Vapor |
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The change of liquid water to water vapor. |
Evaporation |
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The change of ice to water vapor? |
Sublimation |
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A measure of hotness or coldness of the air |
Temperature |
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The air's capacity to hold water vapor is directly related to it's _________. |
Temperature |
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_________ air can hold more water vapor than _______ air. |
Warm; cold |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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What is the raw material for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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What is the raw material for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor |
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When the ___________ decreases to zero, the air becomes ________ and condensation will form dew, fog, or clouds. |
Temperature- dew point spread; saturated. |
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The maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure. |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel contains all the water vapor it can hold? |
Saturated |
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What does it mean when an air parcel has the capacity to hold more water vapor? |
Unsaturated |
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The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. |
Dew point |
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Higher ____________ at a location generally indicate higher quantiles of water vapor. |
Dew points |
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What is the raw material for clouds and precipitation? |
Water vapor |
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When the ___________ decreases to zero, the air becomes ________ and condensation will form dew, fog, or clouds. |
Temperature- dew point spread; saturated. |
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The change of water vapor to liquid water is called? |
Condensation |
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When are clouds formed? |
When air is cooled to its dew point and becomes saturated |
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Cold air mass moving over a warm surface often produces unstable air associated with: |
Turbulence Good visibility Cumuliform clouds, and showers |
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A warm air mass moving over a cold surface often produce stable air associated with: |
Stratisform clouds, fog and drizzle Poor visibility Smooth air |
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Pressure typically ________ as a front approaches and _________ after it passes |
Decreases; increases |
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A ____ air mass moving over a ______ surface often produces unstable air associated with turbulence, good visibility, Cumuliform clouds, and showers. |
Cold; warm |
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A maritime tropical air mass is _____ and ____. |
Warm; cold |
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Which front moves in such a way that warmer air replaces colder air? |
Warm front |
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What type of front has a steep slope which often leads to a narrow band of showers and thunderstorms if the rising air is unstable? |
Cold front |
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What occurs when the temperature remains below freezing throughout the entire depth of the atmosphere? |
Snow (SN) |
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What occurs when there is a shallow layer aloft with above freezing temperatures, with a deep layer of below freezing air based at the surface? |
Ice pellets (PL) |
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What occurs when there is a deep layer aloft with above freezing temperatures, with a shallow layer of below freezing air at the surface? |
Freezing Rain (FZRA) |
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What occurs when there is a deep layer of above freezing air based at the surface? |
Rain (RA) |
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The three necessary ingredients for precipitation formation are |
Water vapor Lift And a Growth process |
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What NWS entity provides consultation, forecast, and advice to ARTCCs regarding weather impacts? |
Center Weather Service Unit (CWSU) |
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What are the 5 layers of the Earth's Atmosphere? |
Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere |
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What is the lowest layer of the Atmosphere? |
Troposphere |
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Which layer of the Earth's Atmosphere contains almost all clouds and precipitation? |
Troposphere |
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In troposphere the air pressure and density _________ with altitude. |
decreases |
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An increase in temperature with altitude is abnormal and is defined as? |
Inversion |
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