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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
__________ is the lowest layer of the earths atmopshere. |
Troposphere |
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An increase in temperature with altitude is normally defined as ______ |
an inversion |
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The transition between the troposphere and the stratosphere is called ______ |
the tropopause |
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In the Stratosphere Temperature _________ with altitude |
increases |
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What is the most stable layer, generally devoid of signifcant weather? |
Stratosphere |
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Four things standard atmosphere is used for: |
Pressure altitmeter calibrations, |
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Decrease of temperature with height is called what? |
Lapse rate |
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Generally what is the lapse rate in the troposphere? |
2 degrees per 1000 feet |
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________ is relatively strong wings concentrated within a narrow horizontal band in the upper troposphere |
Jet stream |
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Two jet streams are: |
Polar & subtropical |
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_____ is often produced in jet streams |
CAT Clear air Turbulence |
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What is the value of sea level pressure in the standard atmosphere? |
29.92 of mercury |
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_______ is water in the invisible gaseous form |
Water vapor |
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______ is the change of liquid water to water vapor |
Evaporation |
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_________ is the change of ice to water vapor |
sublimation |
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Water vapor is the raw material for clouds and precipitation. It constitutes for ___ % of the volume |
4 % |
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______ A measure of the hotness or coldness of the air |
Temperature |
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What kind of air can hold more water vapor? |
Warm air |
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________ is the maximum possible quantity of water vapor that a parcel of air can hold at any given temperature and pressure |
Saturation |
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________ is The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water-vapor content in order for saturation to occur |
Dew Point |
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_____is the ratio of water vapor actually in the air |
Relative humidity |
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_______ is the change of water vapor to liquid water |
Condensation |
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When the spread (temp&dewpoint) decreases to zero, air becomes saturated and condensation will form ____, ______, _______ |
dew, fog, or clouds |
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What time of day is dew or fog most likely to form |
Sunrise |
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______ a visible mass of tiny water droplets and or ice particles in the atmosphere above the earth |
Cloud |
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When do clouds form |
When air is cooled to its dew point and becomes saturated |
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A parcel of rising air ______ and ______ as pressure decreases with altitude |
Expands and cools |
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A parcel of sinking air ____ as it encounters increasing pressure and is compressed |
Warms |
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High level, Whispy, Thin clouds |
Cirriform |
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Fluffy, large, clouds |
Cumuliform |
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Blanket like, little to no turbulence, featurless low layer that covers the sky |
Stratiform |
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The prefix and suffix Nimbo/Nimbus means? |
Raincloud |
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_____ is air in motion relative to the surface of the earth |
Wind |
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A High pressure system has what characteristics |
Air flow diverge clockwise and sinks |
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A low pressure system has what characteristics |
Air flow converges in a counterclockwise motion and rises |
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______is large body of air that has similar horizontal temperature and moisture characteristics |
Air mass |
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______ is a region where air masses orginate and acquire their properties of temp and moister |
Air mass source region |
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List the three temp properties of air masses |
A - Arctic |
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List the two moisture properties of air masses |
c - Continental |
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Cold are mass moving over a warm surface often produces ______ air |
Unstable |
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Warm air mass moving over a cold surface often produces _______ air |
Stable |
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_______ is a boundary of transition zone between two air masses of different density, and thus (usually) different temperature |
Front |
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Two ways a front can be detected |
Temperature difference and Pressure typically decreases as a front approaches and increases as it passes |
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What type of front is associated with cumulus clouds, showers and T stroms in the front, good visibility and turbulence |
Cold front |
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What type of front is associated with stratiform cloudiness and precipitation, poor visability , smooth air |
warm front |
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What type of front is two when a front undercuts the retreating cold air mass associated with the warm front |
Occluded front |
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What type of front is when the boundary between two air masses generally dont move |
Stationary |
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_______ is any of the forms of water particles that fall from the sky |
precipitation |
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Precipitation needs three things: |
Water vapor, Lift, Growth Process |
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_____ is precip of snow crystrals |
Snow (SN) |
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_______ is precip of transparent or translucent pellets of ice (5 mm in size) |
Ice Pellet (PL) |
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PL is formed when: |
Inversion, thick cold layer based at the surface |
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______ is rain that freezes on contact with the ground or exposed objects |
Freezing rain (FZRA) |
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FZRA is formed when: |
Inversion, and thin Cold layer based at the surface |
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_____ is precip 0.5mm or smaller drops from the sky |
Rain (RA) |
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NWS stand for |
National Weather Service |
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How many weather forecast offices are across the US |
122 |
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The NWS issue 4 products |
AIRMETS, SIGMETS, CONVECTIVE SIGMETS, and TAFs |
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______ are NWS offices in every ARTCC |
CWSUs Center Weather Service Units |