Aging & Society Exam 3

Front 1

T/F

The proportion of older people increase with age.

Back 1

True

Front 2

T/F

Black females are the majority resident in board and care homes.

Back 2

False - white females are the majority.

Front 3

T/F

Assisted living offers skilled nursing as a service to residents.

Back 3

False - Assisted living does not offer skilled nursing.

Front 4

In what stage of epidemiologic transition is there a decline in deaths from epidemics and famine and a shift to infectious disease?

Back 4

Second Stage

(T/F question on test)

Front 5

What is health behavior?

Back 5

To promote good health and concentrate on prevention

Front 6

What exercise has the best effect? (From study in Ch.11)

Back 6

Walking

Front 7

T/F

The running club group (from study in Ch.11) had a 1.5% effect on mortality.

Back 7

True

Front 8

In 2002 what % of females and males were overweight btwn the ages of 65-74?

Back 8

F - 40%

M - 30%

Front 9

T/F

HMO's are for reducing and controling cost.

Back 9

True.

Front 10

T/F

People treated in HMO's showed a greater increase in physical health than those treated in a fee-for-service arrangement.

Back 10

False - decrease in overall physical health

Front 11

What % of elders have Medigap?

Back 11

1/2 of elderly overall purchase

White - 75% or 3/4

Black - 50% or 1/2

Hispanic - 37%

Front 12

What is it called when a person is getting rid of their $$ to qualify for a Medicaid nursing home?

Back 12

Spending downward

Front 13

What was the first country to legalize euthanasia?

Back 13

Holland

Front 14

T/F

The problem of widowhood for men is compounded by________.

Back 14

Independence

Front 15

What % of people die at home?

Back 15

30%

45% die in hospital

25% die in nursing home

Front 16

What is the best age to prepare a living will?

Back 16

As a young adult

Front 17

What helps to weaken the urban political machine??

Back 17

Large corporations

Front 18

Cumulative Disadvantage

Back 18

People who begin life with greater resources keep getting more opportunities to increase them whereas those with fewer resources fall behind.

Things whether good or bad build up.

Front 19

Convergence Theory

Back 19

Old age is a great leveler, reducing inequality that was evident at earlier stages in life. Says the gap btwn rich and poor gets smaller at end of life.

Front 20

Changes in smoking for high school kids from 1967 - 2003

Back 20

1997 - 50% of HS smoked

2003 - 30% of HS smoked

Front 21

T/F

Improvements in health care and prevention will compress years and improve quality of life for an individual.

Back 21

True - related to compression of morbidity

Front 22

What % of people live in long-term facility?

Back 22

at 65+ only 5%

at 85+ 19%

Front 23

T/F

The vast majority of people are aging in place.

Back 23

True

Front 24

What is the movement of older people to the sunbelt called?

Back 24

Migratory Stream

Front 25

The % of people 65+ & 85+ that live in the traditional community.

Back 25

65+ - 93%

85+ - 74%

Front 26

T/F

Very few of intergenerational households are due to children moving in with older parents.

Back 26

False - it is due to children moving in with older parents.

Front 27

Who or what race is more likely to live with family?

Back 27

Asian women

Front 28

Epidemiologic Transition

Back 28

A change in the leading causes of death from infectious diseases to chronic diseases. 3 steps

Front 29

1st Step of Epidemiologic Transition

Back 29

Pestilence, plagues and famines

Front 30

3rd Stage of Epidemiologic Transition

Back 30

Chronic Diseases

Front 31

Chronic Diseases

Back 31

Diseases with no cure - (Alzheimer's, Cancer, etc)

Front 32

Health Lifestyle

Back 32

A pattern of behavior based on choices and options that are available to people according to their life situations.

Front 33

Fee-for-service

Back 33

Physicians set the fees and people pay when they go to the doctor

Front 34

Diagnostic Related Groupings or DRGs

Back 34

When various medical diagnosis are grouped into DRGs. Also sets reimbursement rates in advance.

Front 35

PPS - Prospective Payment System

Back 35

Instituted to pay hospital bills of Medicare patients. Estimates cost and how long that patient will need to be in the hospital.

Front 36

Capitation

Back 36

A method of payment where reimbursements to health care providers are set in advance.

(helps with cost containment)

Front 37

T/F

Healthy lifestyles patterns throughout life are good & help extend life.

Back 37

True

Front 38

Long-term Care

Back 38

Help people w/ chronic conditions compensate for limitations in ability to function independently

Front 39

Medigap

Back 39

Pays for out-of-pocket expenses not covered by Medicare.

Front 40

Obamacare's reductions in social inequalities

Back 40

• Extend coverage to 32M previously uninsured Americans
• Helps to close the donut hole in Medicare Part D
• Health Ins now covers pre-existing conditions
• Tax Deduction on medical expenses went from 7.5% to 10%
• Ceiling for out-of-pocket medical spending in a year
• Subsidy or Tax credit for lower incomes to buy insurance on a sliding scale.
• Allows young people to stay on parent's insurance till age 26

Front 41

How does Obamacare increase personal responsibility?

Back 41

• Calorie Counts posted on menus in restaurants and in vending machines
• Tanning beds pay more in taxes - 10%
• Raise premiums on smokers up to 50%
• Penalty on non-health related withdraws from HSAs going from 10 - 20%

Front 42

Obamacare reduce Intergenerational inequality

Back 42

• Close the donut hole for Part D
• Young people can stay on parent's insurance till age 26
• Insurers can not charge people more than 3x's the amount they charge young - currently they can charge 10x's more
• Cut spending - Medicare subsidize private health care less

Front 43

What is the best measure of SES?

Back 43

Education

Front 44

ADLs - Activities of Daily Living

Back 44

List of activities (questionnaire) designed to measure elderly living on their own.

Including - dress yourself, feed yourself, toilet activities by self, walk outdoors with a cane, stand up from chair, wash self, etc.

Front 45

IADLs - Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

Back 45

Keeping track of $$, doing light housework, taking meds, running errands

Front 46

Long-term Care

Back 46

Range of svcs designed to help people with chronic conditions compensate for limitations

Front 47

Caregiver Burden

Back 47

Management of tasks

Front 48

Caregiver Stress

Back 48

Strain felt by caregiver