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431 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 criteria for an occupation to be described as a profession?
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1. Service
2. Body of Theory & knowledge 3. Subculture |
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What is wrong with the position that any given broadly defined occupation is either a profession or it is not?
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Leads to the conclusions that only doctors and not nurses are members of the medical profession; or officers and not enlisted are professionals in the POA.
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What is the impact of unprofessional behaviors upon the AF?
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Degraded mission effectiveness
Decrease in organizational efficiency Lack of subordinate growth & dev No mentorship Perpetuates a "just a job" attitude Discipline and morale suffer |
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Why is it important that we continue to move along the professional continuum?
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The profession as a whole can not advance along the continuum of occupations. A weak link here and there will cause the entire organization to lose status.
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What 3 core objectives steer our national strategy process?
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1. Enhancing our security
2. Promoting democracy abroad 3. Bolstering Americas Economic Prosperity |
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What is the primary focus of national Security Strategy?
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Myriad of military threats that the nation must confront.
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What was Airlift first used as a mechanism for National Security?
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Berlin Airlift
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Which command solely provides Air Mobility for the U.S. ?
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AMC - Air Mobility Command
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How is National Security beneficial to National Strategy?
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Nat'l security utilizes Air Mobility resources effectively by adhering to Nat'l security strategy. Encourages prevention and limitations on terrorist activity.
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Identify 3 categories relative to determining a nation's needs and interests?
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1. How crucial is an interest
2. How vital is an interest 3. Which basic interest is at stake |
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Who is responsible for determining the nation's needs and interests?
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Strategists & policy makers
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Identify the 4 levels of intensity?
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Survival
Vital Major Peripheral |
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How does National Power support National Security?
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Strategists must match the instruments of power to the interests of the state. Strategists must determine to what ends will the allocation of scarce or abundant resources be dispersed.
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Identify each instrument of power.
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1. Military
2. Economic 3. Diplomatic |
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What is the responsibility of the Military Instrument of power?
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The extent to which the armed forces can be employed to achieve national ends.
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What is the responsibility of the Economic Instrument of power?
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Manipulations of economic assistance & foreign aid
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What is the responsibility of the Diplomatic Instrument of power?
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Ability to mediate successfully and to produce unique and mutually acceptable solutions to complex issues without application of military or economic power.
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When do strategist determine which instrument of power to utilize?
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When they have identified the various levels of intensity for basic threats.
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Explain how National Strategy processes support National Security.
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4 distinct areas of importance:
Objectives & initiatives Developing military strategy Designing operational strategy Formulating battlefield strategy |
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What is the first step towards implementing a National Security Strategy?
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Define objectives and initiatives.
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Why is defining objectives and initiatives the first step towards implementing a National Security Strategy?
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Doing so ensures strategist are formulating an effective National Security; it is the reasoning for devising a strategy process.
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What is the difference between military strategy and operational strategy?
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Military - sets in motion teh actions required to develop a military force structure and then deploys that force structure.
Operational - Employes the forces provided by military strategy |
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Military strategy is _____ in scope, whereas Operations strategy is _____.
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broad
narrow |
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Differentiate between tactics and higher levels of strategy relative to battlefield strategy.
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Tactics - govern the use of forces on the battlefield.
Other (military, operations, & grand strategies) bring forces to the battlefield. Tactics "doing the job right" Other "doing the right job" |
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How are national decisions defined?
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Decisions about the content of grand strategy & the resources available to implement that that strategy. These decisions are products of political processes with the Fed. Govt.
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What elements comprise the coordination of military strategy?
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Employment
Development Deployment |
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Explain the coordination process?
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Geared primarily to relationships between instruments of power at the grand strategy level and refers to relationships within the military instrument of power.
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How does Major Regional Conflict (MRC) affect National Security?
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They pose a heavy demand on US forces and definitely drive most force requirements.
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Identify the 4 phases of the department planning framework for MRC.
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1. Halting the invasion
2. Force buildup 3. Counteroffensive 4. Ensuring postwar stability |
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When does regional conflict exist?
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Anytime the use of military power by force is contemplated or activated.
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Define terrorism.
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Systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics, or individuals to attain a political objective.
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Identify two terrorist groups.
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Baader-Meinhof gang of W. Germany
Japanese Red Army Italy's Red Brigades Puerto Rican FALN al-Fatah & other Palestinian orgs Shining Path of Peru France's Direct Action Ku Klux Klan |
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How do terrorist groups finance their violent activities?
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Drug trafficking
Robbery Extortion Kidnapping Blackmailing Arms smuggling |
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What is the responsibility of the HIDTA Program?
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Reducing the production, manufacturing, distribution, transportation & chronic use of illegal drugs, as well as the money laundering tied to the drug proceeds.
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Which drug does the intelligence community believe has been the primary narcotics threat since 1985?
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Cocaine
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Which drug is the most widely abused and readily available, illicit drug in the US?
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Marijuana
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How does international organized crime negatively impact our nation?
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Cause our economy to weaken financially and reduce National Security while placing the US in an extremely vulnerable position.
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What 3 risks are associated with nuclear proliferation?
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1. Potential losses to US forces
2. Damage to allied nations 3. Escalation to a superpower confrontation |
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What are 2 major problems posed by biological and chemical weapons?
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1. Easy to produce
2. Easy to conceal |
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What does Information Warfare (IW) consist of?
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Actions taken to achieve information superiority in support of national military strategy by affecting adversary information and information systems while leveraging and protecting our own information and information systems.
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Describe the emphases of Offensive Information Warfare.
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Manipulation of electronic information systems to influence and adversary's perceptions and behavior.
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What are some methods/tools of Offensive Information Warfare?
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Computer viruses
Infiltration of telecommunication systems Direct broadcast satellites Commercial media Holography (visual stimulus & illusion) |
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What does Defensive Information Warfare entail?
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Requires the ability to detect and thwart attempts to tamper with one's own sources of information.
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What is the American information infrastructure vulnerable to?
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Infiltration and sabotage
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Identify the 9 critical issue areas of an infrastructure.
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1. Fragmentation of responsibility
2. Technology 3. Architectural framework 4. People 5. Facilities 6. Data bases 7. Network control 8. Threat & risk 9. Security in a global infrastructure |
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What are the 3 keys to protecting the nations information infrastructure?
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1. PROTECT the system from attack
2. DETECT and event when it is occurring and be able to decide if it is an attack, a failure mode, or an isolated hacker 3. REACT to the event |
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What does MOOTW stand for?
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Military Operations Other Than War
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How does MOOTW support National Security
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Deterring war
Resolving conflict Promoting peace Supporting civil authorities in response to domestic crisis |
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What does Combat Operations of MOOTW include?
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Protections of shipping
Enforcement of exclusion zones Counter air interdiction & attack |
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What is the goal of MOOTW during noncombat?
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Achieve national objectives as quickly as possible and conclude military operations on terms favorable to the US & its allies.
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When is overlapping operations of MOOTW prevalent?
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When combat MOOTW and noncombat MOOTW is conducted simultaneously.
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How do space operations support national security?
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Eliminating the use of hostile forces ability to disrupt navigation signals.
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What responsibilities lie within space systems structure?
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Force enhancement products
Global communications Navigation Weather Warning |
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What is the EAF concept?
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Improve our ability to rapidly deploy light, lean, and lethal elements of air and space forces anywhere on the globe, while providing predictability and stability to all airmen.
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What is the goal of the EAF?
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Provide an integrated total force that is organized, trained and equipped. It is designed to cope with the high tempo of operations experienced since the Gulf War.
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Explain the deployment process of AEF?
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All active, guard, & reserve will be divided into 10 force packages.
Each AEF will be able to respond within 72 hours. Contingency operations for about 90 days every 15 months. |
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How does EAF/AEF support national security?
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*Increasing morale and retention
*Decrease negative effect that high operations tempo has on airman *Presents and organized, trained and fully equipped force to deal with threats |
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What was the name of the Berlin Airlift operation?
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Operation Vittles
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What was the significance of the Berlin Airlift to air transport?
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Underlined the feasibility of sustained, round-the-clock mass movement of cargo by air.
Experience in operational techniques, air traffic control, and maintenance and reconditioning of aircraft. Proved the need for larger cargo aircraft. |
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What air power lessons learned in WWII were further developed in the Korean War?
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Air tactics & techniques
Use of jet aircraft to control air strikes efficiently System of tactical air control was developed |
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What was the most significant use of air power during the Vietnam War?
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LINEBACKER II - highly concentrated attack on sanctioned areas
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Why was LINEBACKER II significant during the Vietnam War?
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The offensive played a key part in bringing about the N. Vietnamese decision to sign the peace agreement on 15 JAN 1973.
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What was the final analysis of air power from Desert Storm?
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Its swiftness, decisiveness and scope brought about the coalition's victory. Air power found, fixed, fought, and finished the Iraqi military.
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What significant contribution did Corporal Edward Ward make to the AF enlisted heritage?
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First enlisted man in the Aeronautical division of the US Army Signal Corps.
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What significant contribution did Corporal Frank S. Scott make to the AF enlisted heritage?
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First enlisted man to lose his life in an air accident.
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What significant contribution did Corporal Eugene Bullard make to the AF enlisted heritage?
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First black pilot and fighter pilot.
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What significant contribution did SSgt Ester Blake make to the AF enlisted heritage?
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First woman to enlist in the first minute of the first hour of the first day that regular AF duty was authorized for women.
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What significant contribution did CMSgt Grace E. Peterson make to the AF enlisted heritage?
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First woman to be promoted to the highest NCO grade.
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What are the duties of the CMSgt of the AF?
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Advise and assist the Chief of Staff and Secretary of the AF in matters concerning enlisted members of the AF.
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What are the duties of a First Sergeant?
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Promote health, morale & welfare
Maintain discipline & standards Prepare/present training Supervise dormitories Monitor unit administration |
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What does adhering to the standards of dress and appearance promote?
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Unity within and organization, pride in oneself and in the organization.
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If we maintain proper wear of the uniform at all times, including in public, how ill this influence the public's opinion of the military?
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Public will see the military as a well-disciplined organization capable of carrying out its mission.
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What is considered the most important benefit of drill for the military member?
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Teamwork development
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How do ceremonies restore morale and build esprit de corps?
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it takes a cooperative effort by all members to reach a common goal requiring a great deal of discipline and practice.
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What are the 3 ways to honor the flag?
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Salute
Place it in place of honor Never dip it to an person or object |
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What are 2 elements of military etiquette?
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Kindness
Respect |
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What is the impact of gossip on the work center?
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Creates a barrier to effective communications that inhibits productive work and accomplishment of the mission.
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What is the purpose of the military salute?
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Serves as a greeting and as an acknowledgment of being a member of the POA.
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Where is the first place of honor?
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Always on the right
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Where is the second place of honor?
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In front or "going first"
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Define the aspects of wellness.
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Exercise
Nutrition Managing weight & stress Not smoking Immunizations & physicals |
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What is the purpose of aerobic exercise?
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Beneficial changes occur in the heart, lungs, vascular system, and other tissues of the body.
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What benefits do you gain from strength training?
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Stronger muscles
Greater endurance of movement Improved alignment & muscle balance Increase in metabolic rate Better physique |
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What is the purpose of the warm-up phase?
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Produces a physical state of readiness by gradually increasing the breathing, heart rate, and body temperature to prime muscles for activity.
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Explain the FIT concept.
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Frequency (times per week)
Intensity (effort) Time (duration) |
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How does dehydration affect your exercise workout?
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Consistency of your blood thickens which causes the heart to work harder.
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What are the 6 major categories of nutrients?
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1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins 3. Fats 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water |
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What is the most efficient method to achieve permanent weight loss?
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Decrease your calorie intake and increase your calorie output.
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What causes stressful events to become a problem?
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Persons inability to cope with too much stress.
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Explain how stress can be positive.
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In can serve as a motivator or initiator for activity.
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What are the effects of smoking?
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Bronchitis
Emphysema High blood pressure Cancers Stomach ulcers Birth defects |
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What factors influence maintaining a health lifestyle?
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Living & working environments
Inherited characteristics Medical care received |
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What are some of the responsibilities a military citizen has in maintaining a state of well being?
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Eat healthy
Exercise regularly Get plenty of sleep Abstain from smoking Manage stress effectively |
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How can you be a wellness role model?
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Your commitment will provide and example for subordinates to follow.
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How does effective stress management help us as military citizens?
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Recognizing stressful situations
Managing our time Controlling our emotions |
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What are some "common" meanings of ethics?
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* Knowing the difference between right and wrong
* Used to determine what action to pursue * Standards by which we act * Values * Behaviors * Adopted attitudes and beliefs |
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List examples of the written forms of our military code of ethics.
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* Oath of enlistment
* UCMJ * Code of Conduct * DOD Reg. 5500.7-R, Joint Ethics Regulation |
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Based on AFI 36-2909's assertions concerning professional relationships, what are some inferences we can make concerning unprofessional relationships?
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Deadly to the organization
Create distrust Destroy communications Foster disrespect Distract from the mission |
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How do Fraud, Waste, and Abuse differ from each other?
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Fraud - deliberate
Waste - extravagant, careless Abuse - Intentional, wrongful use |
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Why is "integrity first" first?
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Essential. Inner voice of self-control and the starting point in everything we do in the AF.
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Why is "responsibility and accountability" an important tenant of integrity first?
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NCO's do not try to shift blame to others, take credit for the work of others, and are responsible for their actions.
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Why is "faith in the system" an important tenet of service before self?
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When we lose faith in the systems, we start to adopt a view that our way of doing things is better.
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What are some examples of the Air Force "systems" we trust?
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Enlisted Evaluation system
Decoration system Promotion system UCMJ Supervisors supervising properly Chain of command IG system |
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What are some of the important milestones in the history of the Code of Conduct.
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* Aftermath of Korean Conflict
* 18 MAY 1955 - Committee to draft a Code of Conduct * Exec Order 10631, 1955 * After Vietnam war review of POW's and Code of Conduct * Nov 1977 - Article V changed to say "required" instead of "only" * Mar 1988 - Exec Order 12633 gender-neutral language |
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Define the term "parole" in the context of prisoner of war.
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Promise by a prisoner of war to a captor to fulfill certain conditions, in exchange for favors.
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Why would the enemy employ "parole"?
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To get on our good side to gain military information.
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Define the 3 general types of hostile peacetime detention.
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1. Hostile government detention
2. Hostile government-sponsored terrorist detention 3. Independent terrorist group detention |
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What are the key points of Article IV?
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* Carry out our responsibilities and exercise our authority
* Senior person must take control * Discipline * Communication |
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What is the purpose of LOAC?
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Rules defining how war is fought.
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Under LOAC, what should your response be if you are given an order which would result in a crime being committed?
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You are not required to carry out the order; you are required to do what you can to stop the act from occurring and to report it to your chain of command.
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According to the text, what are some characteristics of leadership?
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Leaders lead
Leaders are not always on top Leaders motivate others |
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What measurement tools are available to assess leadership skills?
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Assessments, evaluations, tests, indices, surveys, etc..
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In developing an effective time management plan, what two step plan can you use?
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Establish a to-do list
Prioritize your tasks |
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Explain the A-B-C Priority system.
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Categorize tasks by level of importance
A - "have to do" today B - Not quite as urgent C - nice to do, non time consuming |
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What is the key to prioritizing tasks?
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To establish and focus on the 20% of teh "80-20" Rule.
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How does time management impact work center effectiveness?
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Leads to efficiency & increased productivity.
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Name a key element to keep in mind when organizing your desk or workstation.
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Don't concentrate on prettiness
Think about organization and how it contributes to productiveness. |
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How can you use delegation as an effective time-saving technique?
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Allows you to distribute a portion of the workload to others.
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What planning tools are available to help you manage your work center responsibilities?
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Calendars
Planners Organizers Personal digital assistants |
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What is recognized worldwide as one of the biggest time-wasters?
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The telephone
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Regarding time management, how do we fulfill our responsibilities as NCOs and demonstrate our adherence to the AF Core Values?
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Effective time management
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What programs should we be actively involved in to maintain a high degree of proficiency in our specialty?
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Career development courses
CCAF Programs |
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In meeting the objective of PME how does time management help?
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Improves performance by helping free up time that can be used to increase knowledge and the AF as a profession and the role we play in it.
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_____ is the reaction or wear and tear our bodies experience to an external demand placed by our environment; it has physical and emotional effects on us creating positive or negative feelings or behaviors.
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Stress
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What does GAS stand for?
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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What are the 3 stages of GAS?
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Alarm reaction
Resistance Exhaustion |
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What are the 4 variables related to the stress intensity level?
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1. Personal perception
2. Social support 3. Locus of control 4. Behavior/personality types A&B |
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Give an example of the variable "personal perception"
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Public speaking
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Give an example of the variable "social support"
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effective relationships buffer effects of stress
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Give an example of the variable "locus of control"
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How people view their fate
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Give an example of the variable "personality types"
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Type A - struggle aggressively to achieve
Type B - go with the flow |
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What are the seven subcategories of organizational stressors?
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1. job
2. role 3. environmental 4. interpersonal 5. leadership 6. organizational 7. change |
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What is the difference between role conflict and role ambiguity?
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Conflict - job roles conflict
Ambiguity - not enough information |
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What is social density and how can it create stress in the workplace?
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Individuals need for personal space to feel comfortable.
If space is violated it can result in stress. |
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What does organizational structure and change stressors stem from?
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Level of decision making and the magnitude of rules and regulations.
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Why do extra-organizational stressors need to be addressed?
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Can build up and cause problems, either alone or in concert with organizational stressors.
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What are the three outcomes of distress?
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Physiological
Psychological Behavioral |
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What is the most common behavioral reaction to stress seen in the workplace?
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Alcohol
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How is an organization impacted from the behavior of personal distress?
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Impacts quantity and quality of work
Abuse of equipment Waste of resources & supplies Low morale |
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What are the 2 goals of stress management programs and methods?
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Promote individual/organizational health
Minimize individual/organizational distress |
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What is the purpose of individual stress management methods?
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Individual - changing view of potential stressors, altering response pattern and treating specific problems caused by stress.
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How does an individual accomplish overload avoidance?
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Avoid busy work
Delegate Learn to say NO Negotiate reasonable deadlines |
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What are organizational stress methods used for?
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Help members adjust to and manage those stressors which cannot be removed.
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What are the 5 potential benefits of increased subordinate involvement?
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1. Reduction in tardiness/absenteeism
2. Improve sup/sub relations 3. Acceptance of change 4. Ease in leading subordinate 5. Buy-in to decisions |
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____ is a specific type or pattern of behaviors intended to ensure work center effectiveness & mission accomplishment brought about by a state of order and obedience.
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AF concept of discipline
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How does discipline affect the AF culture?
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Negative or positive
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Why is the status of discipline important to the AF?
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Compare it to the pulse of a person. Makes a statement about the health of the unit and its members.
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What is the purpose of the enlisted force structure?
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Define responsibilities of each rank
Define relationship between ranks Career progression |
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How does the enlisted structure contribute to discipline in the AF?
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Lays the foundation for effective discipline
Provides guidance/direction to NCOs |
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What is the supervisor's role in helping subordinates adjust to the military environment?
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Engage in activities that shows they care about the individual and their career development.
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Describe the actions you would take in preventing disciplinary problems.
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Communicate expected standards/behaviors
Enforce consistently/fairly Be positive role model |
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What are some corrective measures you would utilize in order to maintain discipline?
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verbal/written counseling
LOA/LOR Non-judicial punishment |
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The ____ is the process of gaining and maintaining discipline within your organization. It provides a way for the supervisor to establish lines of acceptability and communicate those lines to your subordinate.
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Progressive Discipline Process (PDP)
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Explain how substance abuse impacts productivity in the work center.
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Affect ability to perform
Distractions |
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Explain how time in the work center is impacted by substance abuse.
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Absenteeism
Missed deadlines Other individuals must pick up slack |
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Describe the steps you should take as a supervisor to prevent substance abuse in your work center.
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Educate
Explain policies and standards Deglamorize the use of alcohol Lead by example |
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Why is documentation so important to you and the subordinate in the identification phase of a substance abuse problem?
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Provides the experts information needed to help the person.
Ensure the appropriate punitive measure are carried out should it be necessary to take such action. |
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Describe the supervisor's role during the intervention phase of a substance abuse problem?
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*Communicating with EE about observed behaviors
*Proper & timely referral to proper agency *Direct involvement and genuine concern during treatment. |
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___ is the systematic approach to optimizing risk to support the best mission outcomes.
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ORM
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List the principles of ORM.
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* Accept no unnecessary risk
* Make risk decisions at the appropriate level * Accept risk when benefits outweigh the costs * Integrate ORM into AF doctrine at all levels |
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What are some factors to consider when determining if benefits outweigh the costs.
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A comparison of:
Time Money Quality Quantity Perceptions |
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What step of ORM deals with prioritizing the control measures?
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Step 3 - analyze risk control measures.
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What are the 6 steps of ORM?
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1. Identify
2. Assess 3. Analyze 4. Make decision 5. Implement risk controls 6. Supervise & review |
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What is the purpose of step 1 of the ORM?
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Identify as many hazards in the process as possible
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Why is ORM not just a safety program?
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Safety is only one consideration. ORM is a continuous process designed to detect and assess risk.
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______ Model
A person has a need and sets a goal to meet that need. The person than acts in a way that will accomplish the goal. Based on feedback behavior is adjusted. |
Behavior model
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How do coping behaviors impact you as a leader?
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Help deal with successes/failures of EE
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Explain the role of learning in behavior.
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Learning conditions us to react to a given situation or process a given set of information in a certain way.
Learning helps us to gain understanding of right & wrong and react accordingly. |
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______ theory asserts that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are caused by different work related factors called hygienes. Worker dissatisfaction occurs when these hygienes are lacking.
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Herzberg theory
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______ theory states that three critical needs, power, affiliation, and achievement may be fulfilled through the organization. The organization can place you in charge of something or someone, social and interpersonal actives satisfy the achievement need, and reaching a goal fills the achievement need.
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McClelland's theory
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Based on the ___ ___ theory, motivation occurs because a person assigns meaning or value to what they see or perceive as a realistic outcome based on their behavior.
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Vroom's Expectancy theory
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How do aspirations fit into the behavior process?
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Aspirations are a motivational force that play a role in long term goals.
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Explain the role of personality in the behavior process.
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Personality motivates us and impacts how we are typically going to respond to any given situation.
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How would a poor self-concept in your subordinate make it more challenging for you as a supervisor?
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Do not believe they are capable or important.
Self-fulfilling prophecy Supervisor must put forth extra effort |
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What is self efficacy?
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Degree of control people FEEL they have in a given situation.
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What is locus of control?
|
Relates to whether people feel the outcomes of their behavior are truly a result of their action.
|
|
|
Describe the role of values as a behavior influence.
|
We use values to pass judgement and make decisions.
We use values to assess the actions of others, develop positions on issues, and avoid certain tasks. Values are the foundation of our behavior. |
|
|
Define "team".
|
A group organized to work together.
|
|
|
Define "group dynamics".
|
On ongoing process involving interaction of individuals within a team to achieve the desired objective.
|
|
|
How are team goals developed?
|
Through a group process of team interaction and agreement in which each team is willing to work toward achieving these goals.
|
|
|
What must a team do to be effective, and how is the effectiveness measured?
|
Actively participate
Provide feedback Partake in decision making process Measure effectiveness by: Observing leadership being shared Conflict addressed Resources maximized Creativity encouraged |
|
|
As a supervisor, what techniques would you use to get your subordinates to perceive themselves as team members.
|
*Communicate effectively
*Convey work goals as team goals *Ensure team mbrs know roles & how they contribute to the mission |
|
|
What are task elements?
|
Actions associated with accomplishing the team's specific task, solving a problem or accomplishing a goal.
|
|
|
List the 3 categories of non-task elements?
|
1. Personal identity in the team
2. RElationships among team mbrs 3. Identification within the organization |
|
|
What effort is necessary in team building?
|
Team studies its own process of working together and act to create a climate that encourages and values the contributions of team members.
|
|
|
Name the most important responsibility of a leader and how it is accomplished.
|
Develop an exciting vision for the team to achieve.
Accomplished through the cooperation of the team members. |
|
|
Team members must do what in order to accomplish desired results?
|
Build commitment, trust, and support for one another.
|
|
|
One important attribute is necessary for long-term goals. What is this attribute?
|
Patience
|
|
|
What conditions must be met for team building to be successful?
|
High level of interdependence among team members.
Commitment from team members working on important tasks. Team work |
|
|
List the stages of team development.
|
Forming
Storming Norming Performing |
|
|
Which stage of team development is known as the exploration period, and what behaviors are associated with this stage?
|
Forming stage.
Being cautious Exploring boundaries Non-committal Hidden agendas No group identity Forming cliques Feeling a need to be liked |
|
|
In which stage of team development is flexibility the key and hierarchy is of little importance?
|
Performing stage
|
|
|
What is the definition of conflict?
|
Disharmony brought about through differing behavior, aims, or methods.
|
|
|
During ____ conflict, individuals with differing points of view and personalities show mutual respect for each other's thoughts and feelings.
|
Positive conflict
|
|
|
During ___ conflict individuals often view others as adversaries.
|
Negative conflict
|
|
|
Explain how managerial behaviors can cause negative conflict in the organization.
|
When the leader is not properly using the influence s/he has over others.
Failure to make decisions or delegate at the appropriate times slows progress and creates an environment of disagreements and conflict. |
|
|
Describe factors to consider before deciding on a conflict management technique.
|
Who (traits & position)
What is at stake The situation |
|
|
Explain how collaboration impacts organizational performance.
|
Attempts to satisfy both parties. It makes the best of both sides, resources, talents, and ideas.
Win-win situation. |
|
|
What are the 5 steps in the 5-step approach to conflict management?
|
1. Take responsibility for dealing with conflict
2. Uncover, discuss and define the real problem 3. Ask questions & listen 4. Set goals and create action plan 5. Follow-up |
|
|
How does the 5 Step approach help to positively manage conflict?
|
Requires the individuals to identify and define the root cause of the conflict.
|
|
|
Why is assertiveness effective in overcoming barriers to conflict?
|
Assertive people personify strong self-esteem.
Risk takers Even-tempered |
|
|
How does cross-training contribute to reducing the potential for conflict in an organization?
|
Reduce potential for conflict by giving people a better understanding and appreciation for other positions and processes in the work center.
|
|
|
Describe how conflict management impacts organizational performance.
|
Improves efficiency and effectiveness by allowing workers to focus on their job.
Fosters an environment of open communication where creative thinking occurs. |
|
|
Define organizational effectiveness.
|
Attaining or surpassing of objectives and tasks dealing with mission accomplishment.
|
|
|
Describe the following situational factor: Interpersonal
|
Personal relationships among supervisors & subordinates, supervisors & superiors, and supervisors & other supervisors.
|
|
|
Describe the following situational factor: Structure of the job or organization.
|
Fire departments may require more directive styles of leadership, whereas a technical job may require more delegating or empowering.
|
|
|
Describe the following situational factor: Time
|
The time an individual has to act. Emergency may require a more directive approach.
|
|
|
Describe the following situational factor: Outside influence
|
Social issues and movements that will affect attitudes of subordinates and supervisors alike.
Environmental conditions Social unrest Current world situation |
|
|
Describe the following situational factor: Awareness of self
|
Leadership inclinations and tendencies. How you prefer to lead.
|
|
|
Describe directive behaviors.
|
Task-oriented behaviors
|
|
|
Explain the Situational Leadership concept of competence.
|
Degree of knowledge or skills possessed by the subordinate.
Education Training Experience |
|
|
Explain the Situational Leadership concept of commitment.
|
Combination of confidence and motivation.
|
|
|
Explain the Situations Leadership development level D1.
|
Low competence
High commitment |
|
|
Explain the Situational Leadership development level D2.
|
Some competence
Low commitment |
|
|
Explain the Situational Leadership development level D3.
|
High competence
Variable commitment |
|
|
Explain the Situational Leadership development level D4.
|
High competence
High commitment |
|
|
____ style of leadership implies that the manager will exhibit more directive behavior; provide specific instructions, control task accomplishment, & make most of the decisions.
|
Directing style
|
|
|
____ style of leadership implies that the manager still decides what the game plan will be ad directs task accomplishment, but may consult with subordinates or ask for ideas.
|
Coaching style
|
|
|
___ implies an increase in supportive behavior and a decrease in directive behavior.
|
Supporting style
|
|
|
___ implies that the leader assigns responsibility to the subordinate and then backs off.
|
Delegating style
|
|
|
Describe situations in which the DIRECTING style is appropriate.
|
D1 LC/HC
Emergency situation Short timeline Major organizational change |
|
|
Describe situations in which the COACHING style is appropriate.
|
D2 Some C/LC
|
|
|
Describe situations in which the SUPPORTING style is appropriate.
|
EE has skills, but is a little insecure
|
|
|
Describe situations in which the DELEGATING style is appropriate.
|
D4 HC/HC
D3'S HC/VC if the timelines are longer |
|
|
How does the subordinate benefit when Situational Leadership is practiced?
|
Cultivates overall positive behavior
|
|
|
How does the organization benefit when the situational Leadership model is followed?
|
*Training & Development of EE is more organized
*Production is easier to manage *NCO fulfillment of responsibilities is easier |
|
|
Name the 2 objectives of performance management?
|
1. Provide feedback
2. Provide long term record of performance |
|
|
Give an example of each objective of performance management.
|
Feedback - initial, mid-course, or follow-up feedback
Record - EPR |
|
|
How does knowing yourself contribute to performance management?
|
Helps you deal with subordinates because you know how you are going to respond to likely situations in your work center.
|
|
|
In regards to knowing your people, why is it important to match personal interests with jobs?
|
Prevents boredom or complacency
|
|
|
Explain how supervisors can get to know their subordinates.
|
Communicating
Asking about interests Asking about past experiences Asking about past employment Needs & values EE expectations |
|
|
Explain the limitations of a job description.
|
Activity oriented rather than results
Subordinates may see the JD as defining the limits of their job, & refuse to do anything outside of the JD. |
|
|
What elements should be addressed in order to write and effective performance standard?
|
Specific
Observable Measurable |
|
|
Why should you monitor over a period of time long enough to determine your subordinates typical performance?
|
Typical behavior will give a more accurate picture to make decisions on.
|
|
|
How do common evaluations pitfalls impact your evaluations?
|
Bias
Closed mindedness Logical errors Result: unclear, inaccurate evaluation |
|
|
How does preventative feedback help your subordinate?
|
Starts the relationship out right
Provides expectations/standards |
|
|
Explain how properly conducting the feedback session strengthens organizational effectiveness.
|
Lets EE know if they are meeting, exceeding, or failing to meet standards.
Provides a plan to continue or modify behavior |
|
|
When should you refer your subordinate to other people or other agencies for follow-up feedback?
|
If problem is too much for you to handle or you do know have the knowledge to assist the EE.
|
|
|
What is the difference between performance feedback and counseling?
|
Performance feedback
Main focus is how well the person is doing Counseling feedback Addresses job performance as well as items such as discipline issues, personal issues or career decisions. |
|
|
Explain why the nondirective counseling approach is often the preferred method of counseling.
|
It puts the responsibility for a solution on the shoulders of the subordinate.
|
|
|
How does effective counseling strengthen organizational effectiveness?
|
Provides guidance and direction for the EE resulting in them becoming more well-rounded & fully developed member of the AF.
|
|
|
Explain how you can improve your subordinate when developing an improvement plan.
|
Building on their strengths
|
|
|
How does job rotation contribute to the development of the improvement plan?
|
Prevents complacency and boredom.
|
|
|
What are some things to consider as a supervisor to improve the situation while developing an improvement plan?
|
Don't over or under supervise
Maintain good situational awareness |
|
|
What are the 4 levels of change?
|
Knowledge
Attitudinal Behavioral Group/organizational |
|
|
Give an example of the following level of change: Knowledge
|
Reading a publication, manual or AFI
|
|
|
Give an example of the following level of change: Attitudinal
|
Adoption of a positive feeling for the task at hand
|
|
|
Give an example of the following level of change: Behavioral
|
Observable change in behavior
|
|
|
Give an example of the following level of change: Group/organizational
|
Alteration of long-standing and deeply engrained customs & traditions
|
|
|
Explain why organizational change is a challenge for a manager/supervisor
|
"but we've always done it this way" syndrome.
|
|
|
What are the 2 change cycles?
|
Directive
Participative |
|
|
The ___ change cycle is "from the top down"
|
Directive
|
|
|
The ___ change cycle is "from the bottom up"
|
Participative
|
|
|
Provide and example of when you would implement each of the change cycles.
|
Directive
Military in most cases would use this Participative Work center with achievement-oriented individuals |
|
|
What are some advantages/disadvantages of each of the change cycles?
|
Wrong change cycle can demotivate
|
|
|
Identify each of the 3 roles in the change process.
|
1. Change sponsor
2. Change agent 3. Change target |
|
|
What is the responsibility of the Change Sponsor?
|
Individual responsible for initiating the change and supervising it through each of the 3 processes.
|
|
|
What is the responsibility of the Change Agent?
|
Responsible for implementing change within a specific group.
|
|
|
What is the responsibility of the Change Target?
|
Individual undergoing change
|
|
|
What are the 4 organizational norms?
|
1. Technology
2. Task 3. Structure 4. People |
|
|
What does the technology norm comprise of?
|
Computers
Test equipment Weapons systems |
|
|
What does the task norm comprise of?
|
General procedures
Job steps Checklists |
|
|
What does the structure norm comprise of?
|
Administrative procedures
Evaluation systems |
|
|
What does the people norm comprise of?
|
Technical or leadership training
New jobs |
|
|
What role might the core values play in effecting change?
|
"Service Before Self" encourages faith in the system
"Integrity First" encourages responsibility and loyalty "Excellence in all that We Do" encourages a quality effort |
|
|
What are the 3 stages of the change process?
|
Unfreezing
Changing Refreezing |
|
|
Describe the following stage of the change process: Unfreezing
|
Creating a need for the change
|
|
|
Describe the following stage of the change process: Changing
|
Moving the 4 organizational norms from the old state to the new
|
|
|
Describe the following stage of the change process: Refreezing
|
Locking-in the expected outcomes
|
|
|
Explain the responsibility and NCO has to each subordinate during the change process.
|
Create positive atmosphere
Anticipate and deal with resistance |
|
|
What are the 6 groups of personalities in an organization?
|
Innovators
Early adopters Early majority Late majority Late adopters Diehards |
|
|
What are the 6 steps of the Problem Solving Process?
|
Step 1 - Recognize problem
Step 2 - Gather data Step 3 - List possible solutions Step 4 - Test possible solutions Step 5 - Select best solution Step 6 - Implement and follow-up |
|
|
In Step 1 of the 6-step problem solving process, how does recognizing the problem contribute to work center effectiveness?
|
Breaks down the elements of the goal/obstacle & identifies the problem
|
|
|
Why is it important to gather data at the right point during the six-step problem solving process?
|
Facts are known truths used to make sound decisions.
|
|
|
In step 3 of the problem solving process, which 2 techniques are used to generate a list of possible solutions?
|
Brainstorming
Creative thinking |
|
|
How do you know if a possible solution is feasible?
|
If resources such as authority, time, money & material are available.
|
|
|
What should you do if you have more than one feasible and acceptable solution to choose from after performing step 4?
|
Get input from others to help choose
Consider combining ideas if feasible |
|
|
Describe the impact that not following-up on the implementation of solutions to the problem (step 6) would have on the work center.
|
Can never determine if the solution in Step 5 actually worked.
Learn from mistakes |
|
|
Explain how your use of the 6 Step approach to problem solving can impact you as a supervisor.
|
Better able to resolve problems with your subordinates.
Credibility reinforced Open lines of communication |
|
|
According to Hersey, Blanchard & Johnson what 3 skills are required for leading?
|
Diagnosing
Adapting Communicating |
|
|
What 2 key aspects should you focus on when you are diagnosing an organizations?
|
Status of the people
Status of the environment |
|
|
What 4 categories are used by the US Marine Corps to gain a complete picture of the status of its people?
|
Morale
Esprit de corps Discipline Proficiency |
|
|
As a leader, what 2 areas must you look at when assessing the "organizational environment"?
|
RESOURCE AVAILABILITY
human, financial, physical & informational) LEADERSHIP ACTIONS (Est direction & priorities, creating policy, making decisions, & providing info) |
|
|
What type of leader exhibits a high task, low relationship style?
|
Authoritarian
|
|
|
What type of leader exhibits a high task, high relationship style?
|
Team Leader
|
|
|
What type of leader exhibits a low task, low relationship style?
|
Impoverished Leader
|
|
|
What type of leader exhibits a low task, high relationship style?
|
The Country Club
|
|
|
What are the 2 categories of leadership power?
|
Personal
Position |
|
|
Name the 4 types of position power.
|
Coercive
Connection Reward Legitimate |
|
|
Describe Coercive power.
|
Founded in your authority to use sanctions in response to poor performance.
|
|
|
Describe Connection power.
|
Based on your association with influential people and organizations.
|
|
|
Describe Reward power.
|
Ability to provide things people like.
|
|
|
Describe Legitimate power.
|
Based on the perception that you should make certain decisions based on your title, role or position.
|
|
|
What AFI states that NCOs are delegated authority necessary to exercise leadership commensurate with their rank and responsibility?
|
AFI 36-2618
The Enlisted Force Structure |
|
|
Name the 3 types of Personal power.
|
1. Referent
2. Information 3. Expert |
|
|
Describe Referent power.
|
Determined by how followers feel about interacting with you.
Charisma Character Self-concept Interpersonal skills |
|
|
Describe Informational power.
|
Access to, or possession of useful information and your ability to provide at the time it's needed.
|
|
|
Describe Expert power.
|
Based on education and experience
|
|
|
What are 3 key attributes of a role model?
|
1. Integrity
2. Commitment 3. Mentoring |
|
|
What term is used to describe a supportive relationship, where a senior member of an organization counsels, coaches, teaches, and provides feedback to a junior member.
What is the term used for the subordinate in this relationship? |
Mentoring
Proteges |
|
|
Technical proficiency, as a leadership tenet, is most closely related to which AF Core Value?
|
Excellence in all that we do
|
|
|
When should you understand the capabilities and limitations of your organization?
|
When developing objectives
When creating priorities When assigning tasks |
|
|
Into what 2 categories is planning usually divided?
|
Strategic
Operational |
|
|
Which planning category will most commonly be used by NCOs on a daily basis?
|
Operational planning
|
|
|
What are the 5 steps in the planning process?
|
1. Analyze the mission
2. Establish goals 3. Identify alternatives 4. Select the best alternative 5. Implement plan |
|
|
As an AF supervisor, you will manage budgets at different organizational levels and with varying degrees of control. Identify and describe the 2 areas mentioned in the text.
|
Responsibility Center
Cost Center |
|
|
Describe the purpose of the Unit Personnel Management Roster (UPMR).
|
Lists the people assigned, projected losses and gains, & should accurately reflect the UMD (Unit Manning Document).
|
|
|
What does the UMD (Unit Manning Document) tell you?
|
The number of people authorized, the AFSCs, position numbers, & total number assigned to your work center.
|
|
|
What are the primary professional development programs for enlisted people?
|
PME (Professional Military Education) courses
|
|
|
Define organizing as it pertains to the functions of management.
|
Process of dividing work into manageable sections and coordinating the results to serve a purpose.
|
|
|
What 3 approaches to job design are discussed in the text?
|
Job rotation
Job enlargement Job enrichment |
|
|
Describe job rotation.
|
Practice of periodically shifting workers through a set of jobs in a planned sequence.
|
|
|
Describe job enrichment.
|
Process of upgrading the job-task mix in order to increase the potential for growth, achievement, responsibility, and recognition.
|
|
|
Describe job enlargement.
|
Allocation of a wider variety of similar tasks to a job in order to make it more challenging.
|
|
|
What is the main purpose of the controlling function?
|
Organizational activities are regulated so that the elements of performance remain within acceptable limits.
|
|
|
What are the 4 steps in the controlling process?
|
Establish standards of performance
Measure actual performance Compare performance standards Evaluate performance & take action |
|
|
How does the text describe the leading function?
|
Harnessing our personal and professional traits to influence others to accomplish the mission.
|
|
|
What is effective planning?
|
Requires a vision and the ability to communicate that vision to others.
|
|
|
How would you describe effective organizing?
|
Understanding of the organizational structure
Ability to convince people that cross utilization is best for them and the AF |
|
|
What does effective controlling require?
|
Understanding of performance standards
Ability to see what kind of controlling mechanisms are best Balance between over/under control |
|
|
Define personal discrimination.
|
Action(s) taken by an individual to deprive a person/group of a right because of color, national origin, race, religion, or sex.
|
|
|
Personal discrimination can occur how?
|
Overtly
Covertly Intentionally Unintentionally |
|
|
Define systemic discrimination.
|
Action(s) by an institution (or system) that, through its policies or procedures, deprive a person or group of a right.
|
|
|
Explain the ways sexual harassment occurs and give and example of each.
|
Verbal - sexual compliments
Non-verbal - leering, photos Physical - touching, hugging |
|
|
Explain how alcohol is a significant contributor to human relations incidents.
|
Alcohol serves as a catalyst for conflict.
Inhibitions are lowered |
|
|
Describe how morale is impacted by human relations incidents.
|
Discriminatory acts cause people to feel frustrated, helpless, and unaccepted.
|
|
|
Give an example of how human relations issues impact productivity.
|
When rights/opportunities are denied performance slips.
Substandard work Frustration, anger, & embarrassment |
|
|
Explain how human relations issues negatively impact quality of life.
|
Impact on individuals abiltiy to positively interact with the rest of the team.
Climate of hate, fear, and disrespect degrades life inside and outside the work center. |
|
|
What is the supervisors role in preventing human relations issues?
|
Must establish, communicate & enforce human relations policies
Lead by example Foster environment of open & honest communication |
|
|
Explain the supervisors role in using corrective measures when dealing with human relations issues.
|
Must be prepared to take action and stop unacceptable behavior.
Must not ignore the acts and be prepared to give detailed factual reports to commanders and others in the chain-of-command. |
|
|
Why is it important for you as a leader to effectively manage diversity in the military?
|
Allow individuals to reach their fullest potential while in pursuit of mission objectives.
|
|
|
Define diversity.
|
A composite of racial, gender, ethnic, national origin, cultural, attitudinal, socio-economic, & personal differences.
|
|
|
What are the 4 steps in managing diversity?
|
1. Learn to understand and respect individual differences
2. Promote assertiveness in your subordinates regarding their feelings 3. learn how others want you to treat them 4. Act as a force for acceptance of diversity |
|
|
What are the primary and secondary dimensions of diversity?
|
Primary - Genetic characteristics
Age Ethnicity Race Gender Physical abilities Secondary Education Income Marital/parental status Religious beliefs Work experience |
|
|
What barriers hinder acceptance of diversity?
|
Personal bias
Stereotyping Prejudice Discrimination & collusion |
|
|
How can diversity be managed?
|
Encouraging open and honest communication
|
|
|
What can we do to embrace diversity?
|
Embrace diversity by being open minded, listen to others, ask questions to gain understanding.
|
|
|
What are some negative effects of poor diversity management?
|
Decreased productivity
Conflicts Faulty communication Acts of favoritism Dissatisfied workers |
|
|
What positive effects occur when diversity is managed effectively?
|
Reduced conflict
Better team work Enhanced work relationships Increased productivity Higher Level of creativity and innovation |
|
|
How does embracing diversity impact the work center?
|
Gives exposure to new insight and ways to do things.
|
|
|
Explain how family care plans can impact mission accomplishment.
|
Ensures the family is cared for in the military members absence. Contributes to reducing stress
|
|
|
Describe the benefits of using a power of attorney as part of your family care plan.
|
It allows someone to carryout various administrative functions in the absence of the member.
Reduces stress & anxiety |
|
|
As a supervisor, how does knowing the functions of the on and off base support agencies contribute to the family care plan?
|
You are better able to provide guidance to your subordinates.
|
|
|
What is the AF policy regarding financial responsibility?
|
AF members are responsible for paying their debts in a proper & timely manner.
|
|
|
As an AF member, how does your proper use of a budget impact mission accomplishments?
|
Controlling your finances with a budget will reduce stress and helps you stay focused on your job.
|
|
|
In regards to financial responsibility, describe how fulfilling your supervisory role impacts mission accomplishment.
|
Ensure subordinates are trained and aware of responsibilities.
Reduce chances of subordinates having financial problems. Reduce the stress and counter-productive effects caused by financial problems. |
|
|
What are the major risk factors associated with suicide?
|
Poor coping skills
Legal problems Substance abuse Financial problems Job problems Relationship problems Social isolation Previous attempts |
|
|
List the significant warning signs of suicide.
|
Threats or statements
Previous attempts Personality/behavioral changes Depression Giving away personal belongings Deterioration in work performance Sudden attempt to put affairs in order |
|
|
Explain the process used to assist someone who is considering suicide.
|
Be actively concerned
Listen carefully Be positive Get the person to referral agency Do not leave the person alone |
|
|
Explain the impact voting has on effective leadership.
|
Providing a positive example
Self-education of the issues which lends credibility to you as a leader |
|
|
Explain the impact communicating with public officials has on mission accomplishment.
|
Lets them know your feeling and concerns on issues.
Highlights things that are important to you as an individual and as a member of the military. Educates officials about the environment and issues surrounding the military. |
|
|
Explain the role of Public Affairs.
|
Liaison between media and the base.
|
|
|
Describe the benefits of a positive encounter with the media.
|
Prepares you for assignments of
increasing responsibility High unit morale Better public understanding and support |
|
|
What is the objective of the AF environmental program?
|
Responsibly manage the irreplaceable natural and cultural resources it holds in public trust.
|
|
|
How does successful implementation of the AF environmental program impact mission accomplishment?
|
Leads to better use of resources
Maintain safer, cleaner work environment American people we serve will have better perception of its military |
|
|
How are the concepts of communication preparation universal?
|
Basic philosophy and guidance for effective writing and speaking are the same.
Getting started Subject research Support selection Organizing |
|
|
What is effective communication?
|
Results in the receiver interpreting your message as you intended.
|
|
|
For what 3 reasons do we generally try to communicate with each other?
|
Direct audience
Influence audience Inform audience |
|
|
Explain the 2 audience concept as it applies to communication.
|
Sending and receiving audience.
Sending audience is the group we represent Receiving audience is the group to whom we are communicating |
|
|
Name 4 resources for researching your subject.
|
Library
Internet Reference books Individuals |
|
|
List 5 categories of reference tools.
|
Almanacs
Dictionaries Encyclopedias Thesauruses E-resources |
|
|
Name the five types of support.
|
Definitions
Examples Comparisons Testimony Statistics |
|
|
Describe Definitions.
|
Explain or clarify unfamiliar items
|
|
|
Describe Examples
|
Provide illustration of what we are trying to communicate.
|
|
|
Describe Comparisons
|
Provide reference to a similar and usually better known item.
|
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Describe Testimony
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Expressed the item through the words/thoughts of others
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Describe Statistics
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Show relationships and/or summarize collections of facts or data.
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In what manner did Socrates describe a speech?
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Analogized the parts of a speech to the body of an animal having a head (introduction), body, and tail (conclusion)
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Name 5 different patterns used with organizing a presentation.
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Topical
Time or chronological Reason Problem-solution Spatial or geographical Cause-and-effect |
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Describe mind-mapping.
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Brainstorming activity in which you allow your unorganized thoughts to flow onto paper, connecting like items as you progress.
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What outlining formats are mentioned in this lesson?
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Scratch
Formal Informal Talking paper |
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What do the terms "faulty analogy", "asserted conclusion", "loaded question", and "non sequitur" have in common?
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Examples of flaws, or fallacies in logic.
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How are transitional devices valuable tools when arranging the elements of your message?
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When woven skillfully into your message, can assist your audience in following your train of thought.
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What are the accepted standards for the format of the printed presentation?
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1. Double space
2. Main points supported 3. 12 point, Times New Roman 1" margins Align text to left margin 4. If handwritten, legible 8.5" by 11" college ruled Remove frayed edges Distinguish capital letters |
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What are the 3 areas to focus on when writing a paper?
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Technical accuracy & coverage
Arrangement & flow Readability & mechanics |
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Why is the "extemporaneous" approach to speaking appealing?
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Least hostile and most intimate form of communicating with an audience.
Speak "off-the-cuff" |
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What are the 3 areas to focus on when preparing a speech?
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Technical accuracy & coverage
Arrangement & flow Presentation & delivery |
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What 3 components are evaluated in the introduction of a written or spoken presentation?
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Purpose
Motivation Overview |
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What section is used to evaluate punctuation, grammar, and spelling?
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Readability and mechanics
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In which part of a speech or written presentation would you evaluate the use and integration of transitions?
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Organization
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What are 3 responsibilities of commanders and supervisors when it comes to organizational communication?
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Keep communication channels open
Maintain an environment conducive to communication Communicate effectively |
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In what way can organization personnel verify whether they are engaging critically and constructively in the exchange of ideas?
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Completing short, self-diagnostic exercise that reveals personal but applicable barriers to communicating.
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Name 4 barriers that can hinder effective communication.
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Organizational
Language Managerial Psychological |
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Describe organizational barriers.
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Personnel not understanding their responsibilities and the lines of authority within a given organizational structure.
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Describe language barriers.
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Result from our in ability to use the proper words to communicate with our receiver.
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Describe managerial barriers.
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Stem from managers not listening and not taking an understanding attitude toward information and suggestions that reach them.
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Describe psychological barriers.
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Result from psychological needs not being met.
Feeling of security Opportunity for advancement Desire to be teated fairly Useful work |
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What are the 2 steps in overcoming communication barriers?
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1. Establish an organizational policy that defines lines of responsibility and authority, establishes communication channels, provides a climate for effective communication, and keeps key people informed.
2. Increase skills in written and oral presentation. |
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How do communications flow within an organization?
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Upward
Downward Lateral |
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Often, what is the result of communications having to pass through many organizational levels?
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Causes delay
Creates chance of distortion |
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The misuse of abstractions and a lack of common core experience are main contributors to which communications barrier?
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Language barriers.
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What is the difference between a concrete and an abstract noun?
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Concrete - objects that humans can directly experience. Usually convey the same meaning to everybody.
Abstract - tends to be vague and open to interpretation. |
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What is a clique? Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of a clique within and organization.
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Social instinct to band together in groups.
Advantage - binds people together Disadvantage - Can become independent of organization objectives |
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What are the 4 steps in the process of writing?
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Prewriting
Drafting Editing Revising |
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What 5 steps are involved in the prewriting phase?
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Selecting purpose/objective
Analyzing your audience Researching subject Selecting pattern Outlining |
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When writing your draft, what areas should you focus on?
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Introduction
Body Conclusion Transitions Support |
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During the editing phase, what specifically are you looking for?
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Basic grammatical errors
Correct format Complete para/sentences Compare to outline |
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Describe the revising phase.
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Finishing step to improve the communication based on the editing phase and the feedback from reviewers.
Revise or rewrite to make it into a more formal presentation. |
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What is sentence Unity?
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All the parts of the sentence matching in number, verb, possession, etc.
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Define the 4 types of sentences you should use throughout your written communication.
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Simple - expresses one complete thought
Compound - union of 2 simple sentences Complex - simple sentence with a dependent clause attached to it Compound/complex - combination of a compound & complex |
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Name the standard sentence mechanics your should be aware of when writing.
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Punctuation
Capitalization Abbreviation |
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Describe each of the common obstacles to sentence coherence.
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Faulty order of sentence parts & misplaced modifiers
Faulty parallelisms - simple ideas or parts are not expressed in a parallel way Faulty relationship of ideas - reader cannot tell the relationship of sentence parts due to dangling modifiers or omissions. |
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What are 3 basic components of a paragraph?
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Topic sentence
Support sentence Closing sentence |
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What is the basic concept of paragraph coherence?
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All of the paragraph parts should be arranged so that their relationship is clear to the reader.
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What are some examples of transitional devices you can use to show a contrasting relationship?
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But
Still However Nevertheless Yet |
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Considering the point of view for your communication, describe how writing in the second person is done.
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Second person is the person spoken to; using the second person allows the writer to maintain some personal relationship with the reader.
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Describe the 3 common forms of tense you will use in your communication.
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1. Past
2. Present 3. Future |
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What does the voice of your writing indicate?
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Shows if the subject acts or is acted upon.
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How do you use number to maintain paragraph coherence?
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If the controlling idea is singular, you keep all the references to it singular.
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What is the basic idea behind writing a draft?
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To get your ideas down on paper in some form so you can edit and revise.
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Each time your work is edited, what should the editor be reading for?
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Content
Arrangement & flow Readability Mechanics |
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What is the definition of a bullet statement?
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A concise, written statement of a single idea or a single accomplishment and the impact?
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What form of communication does the construction of a bullet statement resemble?
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Telegram
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Name the types of bullet statements.
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Single idea
Single accomplishment |
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Explain the following formula:
SAB=SAC+2 |
Single accomplishment bullet = specific/accurate/concise single accomplishment/achievement, and impact
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What are the attributes of an effective bullet statement?
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Specific
Accurate Concise |
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What are the 3 most common uses for bullet statements in the AF?
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EPR
Award/decoration nomination Talking paper |
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There are 3 types of accomplishment bullets are there, name them.
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Action verb bullet
Modified verb bullet Specific achievement bullet |
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What is a SIB?
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Single idea bullet
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Where would you most likely use a SIB?
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Talking paper
Point paper Bullet background paper |
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Where would you most likely use a SAB?
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EPRs
Award/decoration nomination package |
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When starting a presentation, what are some attention-getting devices you might consider?
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Rhetorical questions
Direct questions Quotations Illustrations Startling statement Unusual or dramatic devices References to the importance of the theme |
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What is a rhetorical question
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One requiring no answer
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What is the purpose of the overview step in the process of speaking?
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Provides the audience with a road map of the information to follow.
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What should be accomplished during the summary?
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Restate the main points, the relationship between points, & the specific objective of the presentation.
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What devices are used to ensure the continuity of thought?
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Transitions
Interim summaries |
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What are the phases of the speaking process?
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Prewriting
Drafting Editing Presenting |
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Name the 3 types of physical behaviors.
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Eye contact
Body movement Gestures |
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According to Dr. Kline, what are the properties of voice?
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Quality
Intelligibility Variety |
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Upon what factors does the intelligibility of a presentation depend?
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Articulation
pronunciation Vocal pauses Overuse of stock expressions Substandard grammar |
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What fundamentals of speech add variety to a presentation?
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Rate
Volume Force Pitch Emphasis |
