Aerospace Medical Service Craftsman

Front 1

how can health care workers assess a patients level of pain?

Back 1

observing the patiens reaction to pain through vitals signs, positions and emotional responses by the patient

Front 2

define endorphins?

Back 2

endogenous analgesics producted within the brain as a reaction to sever pain or intense exercise. the endorphins block the transmission of pain

Front 3

what are the three classificaions of analgesics?

Back 3

opioid nonopioid and adjuvant

Front 4

list the side effects of opioids?

Back 4

sedation, confusion, euphoria, restlessness, hypotension and bradycardia. the respitory rate may be depressed, urinary retention may occure, along with blurred vision, and seizures with large doses.

Front 5

what does the lay public need to be aware of when considering nonopioid analgesics?

Back 5

aware of dangers of sef-medication, over dosage, side effects and interactions by inappropriate use of thes readily availabe drugs.

Front 6

list five disorders anti-inflammaroties are commonly prescribed?

Back 6

arthritis, bursitis, gout, muscle strains and sprains that cause swelling limiting an individuals mobility

Front 7

explain the funcion of cox-2 inhibitor?

Back 7

newer nonsteroidal anti-inflammaorty drugs that selevctively inhibit cycloosygenase-2, prostaglindin sythesis, they do not inhibit platelet aggression

Front 8

barbiturates are commonly associated with what situation and why?

Back 8

fatalitie due to accidental overdoses, expecially when combined with another CNS depressants or alchohol. they are particularly dangerous because they are metabolized and excreted slowly and remain in the system longer

Front 9

list the side effects of nonbarbiturates?

Back 9

nausea vomitin gdiahhrea, rash, dizziness, and ataxia. it is containdicted for patients with known severe liver and renal impairment and porphyria.

Front 10

how do phychotropic medications work?

Back 10

exert a therapeutic effecxt on an indivuals mental process, emotions or behavior

Front 11

why are CNS stimulants given?

Back 11

promoting central nervous system functioning

Front 12

antidepressents work in conjunction with which neurostansmitters

Back 12

dopamine, serotinins and norepinephrine

Front 13

what is the function of an antideppresant

Back 13

enables neurotransmittes to travel across the synapse to transmit the message

Front 14

both remeron and sersone are used for the treament of what disorders?

Back 14

calming antidepressants that are useful in treating agitaed depression, mixed antiety and depressions or fibromyalgia.

Front 15

what is the antidepressant actions of the MAOIs?

Back 15

increase the concentraion of sertonin, norepinephrineand dopamine in the neuronal syanpse by inhibiting the monoamine oxidase enzyme

Front 16

what are the signs of lithium toxicity?

Back 16

drowsiness, confusion, blurred vision, and phophobia. with toxicity some of the side effects signs worsen, sucha as tremors, muscle weakness, seizures may develop, or the cardiovascular system may collapse resulting in coma or death.

Front 17

describe the final progressive stage of alcoholism?

Back 17

the alcoholic deteriorates in all facets of thier life incluiding loss of family, a collapse of thier staus as a result of occupational failure and financial disrepair, physical truama, and irrationals fears

Front 18

what are the actions of psychomotor stimulants?

Back 18

produce wadefulness, increased activiey and decreased appetite

Front 19

how long does marijuana last in the body system?

Back 19

4-6 weeks

Front 20

what are some of the factors considered when antiarrhythmics are chosen?

Back 20

the type of arrhythrmia, the frequency, cardiac and renal condition, and the current signs and symptoms the patients is showing

Front 21

how do b-adrenergic blockers work?

Back 21

by inhibiting adrenergic nerve receptors

Front 22

the use of local anesthetics for antiarrhythmic therapy is contraindicted for what type of patients?

Back 22

patients who are hypersensitive to local anesthetics, which have respiratory depression or known heart block, children and for women who are pregnant and lactating

Front 23

what are the initial Tx used for mild hypertension?

Back 23

the initial Tx includes life style changes that range from diet modification, weight reduction, mild exercise program, smoking cessation, and stress reduction planning.

Front 24

what drug is used to Tx hypertensive patients with neuropathy and why?

Back 24

ACE inhibitors can be used alone or combined with a diuretic. ACE inhibitors slow the progression of renal disease.

Front 25

explain the action of coumarin derivatives?

Back 25

Coumarin derivatives alter the synthesis of blood coagulation factors in the liver by interfering with vitamin K.

Front 26

explain the guidelines for giving thrombolytic agents?

Back 26

admin of thrombolytic agent is administered in the emergency room, or intensive care unit in the first few hours after the onset of acute myocardial infarction or cerbral vascular accident.

Front 27

choice of antacid used will be dependant on what factors?

Back 27

palatability, adverse effects acid neutralizing capacity, the sodium content and the patients renal and cardiovascular function

Front 28

what is the primary use of antidiarrheal agents?

Back 28

reduce the number of loose stools an individual is having

Front 29

what should the patient education include when taking absorbents and protectants?

Back 29

avoid self medication for longer than 48hrs

Front 30

what are the contraindications for taking lomotil and imodium?

Back 30

diarrhea induced by infection or poisoning, patients with colitis associated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, ulcerative colitis, and cirrhosis. it is contraindicated to medicate young children and pregnant patients with these drugs

Front 31

Lactinex is used for the Tx of what conditions?

Back 31

simple diarrhea caused by antibiotics, infection, irritable colon, colostomy or ambebiasis.

Front 32

what is the Tx of choice for simple constipation and are available in what form?

Back 32

cellulose derivatives and bran, powders, flakes, granules, tablets or liquids

Front 33

which form of cathartic is the primary choice for pregnant women and children?

Back 33

stool softener, docusate.

Front 34

stimulation laxatives are used for what situations?

Back 34

used when rapid, thorough empyting of the bowel is required. when a patient is scheduled for a simoidocopy, gi x-rays when barium is used for proctoscopies, the use of stimulant laxatives is commonly given as pre-procedure medication dosaging

Front 35

emetics should not be used under what condition?

Back 35

1-ingestion of corrosive substance 2-ingestion of volatile petroleum products 3- ingestion of convulsants 4-when an individualis semiconscious 5- is patient is less than 1 year of age

Front 36

antimetics are used to what conditions?

Back 36

to treat or prevent nausea, vomiting, or motion sickness

Front 37

how do the adrenal glands functions?

Back 37

secrete hormones called corticosteroids that act on the immune system to suppress the bodys response to either infection or truama

Front 38

Explain hypthyroidism, and the signs and symptoms?

Back 38

underutilization of the thyroid, fatigue, dry skin, weight gain, sensitivity to cold, irregular menses and mental deteioration if untreated

Front 39

why is insulin administered parenterally?

Back 39

administered parenterally because it is destroyed through GI tract

Front 40

explain peak, onset, and duration of medication concentration?

Back 40

the onset is the amount of time between the time a drug is administered and the first sign of its effects. the peak is the gighest concentration attained from a dose. the duration is the time period from the onset of the drug action to the time when response is no longer seen

Front 41

list the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia, and when do these signs usually occur?

Back 41

develops sudenly and is usually seen during the peak of the insulin action. these symptoms may include increased perspiration, irritablity, confusion or bizarre behavior. individuals may experience tremors, weakness, headache or tingling of the fingers. in severe cases the individual may lose consciousness and convulsions if untreated

Front 42

list the contraindications of sulfonylureas?

Back 42

patients with known liver and kidney impairment, debilitated or malnourished patients, and patients with severe infection.

Front 43

explain the action of glucophage?

Back 43

works by decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in muscle

Front 44

What is the first step in antiinfective drug therapy?

Back 44

determine the causative organism and the specific medication to which it is sensitive

Front 45

list the four classifications of cephalosporins and what they treat.

Back 45

first gen- is usually effective against gram-positive, such as those that cause some pneuminas or urinary tract infections, sec gen- are usually effective against gram-positive like bacterial influenza