Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
composed of four elements
|
cell
|
|
|
what four elements is a cell composed of?
|
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen plus -- trace elements
|
|
|
the major building material of the cell
|
protein
|
|
|
cells vary in size from ___ to over a ____ in length
|
microscopic and meter
|
|
|
cells have 3 major regions
|
nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane
|
|
|
control center - directs cell activity and is necessary for reproduction
|
nucleus
|
|
|
limits and encloses the cytoplasm and acts as a selective barrier to the movement of substances into and out of the cell
|
plasma membrane
|
|
|
the ___ act as enzymes or carries in membrane transport
|
protein
|
|
|
where most cellular activities occur
|
cytoplasm
|
|
|
fluid substance that contains inclusions
|
cytosol
|
|
|
the movement of substances through a membrane from an are of high pressure to low pressure
|
filtration
|
|
|
use energy (ATP) provided by the cell
|
active transport process
|
|
|
substances are moved across the membrane against an electrical or concentration gradient
|
solute pumping
|
|
|
moves secretions and other substances OUT of cells
|
exocytosis
|
|
|
particles are taken up by enclosure
|
endocytosis
|
|
|
reflects the solute concentration of a solution
|
osmotic pressure
|
|
|
contain fewer solutes
|
hypotonic solutions
|
|
|
have the same solute-to-solvent ratio as cells -- cause no changes in cell size or shape
|
isotonic solutions
|
|
|
has 2 phases mitosis and cytokensis
|
cell divsion
|
|
|
begins after DNA has been replicatied
|
mitosis
|
|
|
mitosis consists of 5 stages
|
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
|
|
|
provides an increased number of cells for growth and repair
|
mitotic cell division
|
|
|
involves both DNA and RNA
|
protein synthesis
|
|
|
a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for building one protein
|
gene
|
|
|
carries the instructions for protein synthesis from the DNA gene to the ribosomes
|
messenger RNA
|
|
|
transports amino acids to the ribosomes
|
transfer RNA
|
|
|
forms part of the ribosomal structure and helps coordinate the protein building process
|
Ribosomal RNA
|
