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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom
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Simplest part of an element, characterized by the number of protons.
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Metabolism
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Sum of all chemical processes of an organism.
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Exergonic reaction
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Releases free energy
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Autotroph
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An organism that makes its own food.
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Molecule
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Particles composed of one or more atoms.
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Endergonic reaction
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Absorbs free energy
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Heterotroph
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An organism that must take in its food.
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Solute
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Substance that dissolves when in solution.
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Resolution
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Capability of showing clear details
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Compound
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Pure substance composed of two or more elements.
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oxidation
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loss of an electron
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Magnification
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increase of an objects apparent size
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Solvent
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Substance that does the dissolving
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Reduction
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Gaining of an electron
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An Objects ____ is the quantity of matter, whereas its ____ is the measured effect of gravity.
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Mass
Weight |
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Cells undergo ____, where they become unique and follow carious roles supplied for them by their genetic instructions
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Differentation
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Scientist run _____ experiments, where one factor is examined.
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Controlled
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Chemical substances called _____ are added to a solution to neutralize small amounts of either acid or base.
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Buffers
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A _____ is a pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter.
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Element
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The instruction for a single trail are contain in short DNA segments called _____
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Gene
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A _____ is a well supported, broad and comprehensive statement of what is believed to be true.
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Theory
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Chemical reactions occur to increase atoms ____
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Stability
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Electrons involved in chemical bonding, found in the outermost energy level, are called ?
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Valance electrons
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Two types of growth in living things are _____ and ______.
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Cell growth
Cell reproduction |
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__________ is the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
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Activation energy
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The energy in a system that is available to do work is called?
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Free energy
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The discovery of cells is linked most directly with _____?
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The development of the microscope
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If the molecular concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space, the substance ______?
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is in equilibrium
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In which cell would you expect to find a large number of mitochondria?
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Muscle cells
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Net movement of water across a cell membrane occurs, from what to what?
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Hypotonic to hypertonic solution
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All forms of passive transport depends on
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The kinetic energy of molecules.
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Short, hairlike organelles that cn move and may cover a unicellular organism or line the respiratory tract are called?
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Cilia
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Name two functions of the proteins embedded in the cell membrane?
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Serve as attachment sites for molecules in the extracellular fluid and transport substance across the membrane.
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/Prokaryotic/ cells have cell membranes? T or F
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T
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A /tissue/ is a group of related cells that carries out a specific function. T or F
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T
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Sodium - potassium pumps cause /positive/ charge to accumulate inside the cells. T or F
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F negitive
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In plant cells, water molecules exert /turgor pressure/ on the cell membrane. T or F
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T
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Phagocytosis
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Cells eat; movement of large particles or whole cells into the cell forming vesicles.
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Gated ions channel
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Uses protein molecules to move Na+, down their concentration gradient.
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Pumps
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Uses protein molecules to actively transport substances down their concentration gradients.
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Endocytosis
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Process of the cells engulfing external materials.
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Facilitated diffusion
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Uses carrier proteins to speed up the process of simple diffusion.
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Exocytosis
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Vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.
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Osmosis
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Movement of water across a membrane down its concentration gradient.
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Pinocytosis
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Cell drinks.
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Simple diffusion
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Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration.
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The driving force of evolution is considered to be?
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Natural selection
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Protons are moved into the thylakoid using energy from
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electrons in the transport chain
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At the end of photoystem 1 transport chain, electrons
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combine with NADP+ to form NADPH
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Carbon atoms are fixed into organic compounds in
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the Calvin cycle
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Which of the following environmental factors will cause rapid decline in photosynthetic rate?
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temperature
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Accessory pigments differ from chlorophyll a in that they
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are nor directly involved in the light reactions of photsynthesis
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