Adult Psychopathology: Week 5 Lecture

Front 1

Social Psychology, Clinical psychology, Personality Psychology

Back 1

fields focus on mental experiences (the mind) including feelings, thoughts, fantasies and judgments, fears, defenses

Front 2

Cognitive Psychology

Back 2

Focuses on mental processes including perception, linguistic processing, object recognition, reaction times, learning and memory

Front 3

Computational models

Back 3

involving cog psych, assuming that neural networks are responsible for processing information, for generating feelings, thoughts, fantasies and dreams

attempts to create algorithmic models that stimulate what grop of neurons are doing what

Front 4

Neuroscience, biological psychiatry, psychopharmacology

Back 4

Neurotransmitter action,
allosteric modulation,
genetic factors, learning about how the brain functions
=> in a sense, trying to find ways into the complexity of brain functioning and how it generates the mind

Front 5

Functioning systems

Back 5

You learn a complex action by first learning the separate actions which compose it (ex driving)
a. we first learn discrete actions
b. After awhile brain creates a functioning system, stores and uploads it to another part of brain
c. When people have strokes, they often lose their functioning systems. They have to relearn to walk
d. Others may lose capacity to CREATE functioning systems
e. everything that is complicated is actually due to functioning system (ex. walking, driving, sports)

Front 6

Example of functioning system

Back 6

mastered gas pedal -> looking in rear view mirror -> turning steering wheel ->brain writes a macro for the whole action -> macro (functioning system) then stored in different part of brain

Front 7

Perceiving Environment? We ARE the envt

Back 7

1. all we can do is interpret our sensory input and put meaning to it
2. perception is a construction

Front 8

What we share with our lower mammals

Back 8

1. We rest on top of our primitive biology. We share much with lower mammals until we get to the different parts of our advanced brains
2. Basic architecture of medulla and brainstem are similar to lower mammals
3. constantly override our instincts and urges
4. we respond to our bodies and hormones and if healthy form relationship with it

Front 9

Approaching Psychopharmacology:

How do we get drugs into the body?

Back 9

1. oral, intravenous(vein/blood vesicle), intraperitoneal, subcutaneous (after epithelium before muscle), intramuscular, inhalation
2. Drugs find way into brain (well protected)
3. Drugs must cross blood brain barrier

Front 10

blood brain barrier

Back 10

a. depends on lipid soluble drugs (lipids are fatty molecules that can pass through cell membranes ex. blood-brain barrier)
b. everyone's brain barrier is slightly different making it difficult to determine drug dosages

Front 11

What happens when medicine reaches brain?

Back 11

1. receptors take in drug which affect neuron directly (by making it fire)
2. by turning on genes which in turn produce proteins, changing the functioning of that neuron

Front 12

How Neurons are built

Back 12

1. Cytoplasm = fluid inside
2. Extracellular fluid = fluid outside
3. generate ATP
4. have myelin coating created by glial cells that speeds up the conduction of electric signals between neurons
5. contain chromosomes

Front 13

Neuron Firing

Back 13

1. can change the polarity of other neurons by flooding them with ions until they fire
2. can also send neurotransmitters into synapses btw neurons, switching on genes in other neurons. ==> causes production of proteins which essentially changes them and neurons convey info to neighboring neurons

Front 14

Approaching Psychopharmacology:

How do we get drugs into the body?

Back 14

1. oral, intravenous(vein/blood vesicle), intraperitoneal, subcutaneous (after epithelium before muscle), intramuscular, inhalation
2. Drugs find way into brain (well protected)
3. Drugs must cross blood brain barrier

Front 15

blood brain barrier

Back 15

a. depends on lipid soluble drugs (lipids are fatty molecules that can pass through cell membranes ex. blood-brain barrier)
b. everyone's brain barrier is slightly different making it difficult to determine drug dosages

Front 16

What happens when medicine reaches brain?

Back 16

1. receptors take in drug which affect neuron directly (by making it fire)
2. by turning on genes which in turn produce proteins, changing the functioning of that neuron

Front 17

How Neurons are built

Back 17

1. Cytoplasm = fluid inside
2. Extracellular fluid = fluid outside
3. generate ATP
4. have myelin coating created by glial cells that speeds up the conduction of electric signals between neurons
5. contain chromosomes

Front 18

Neuron Firing

Back 18

1. can change the polarity of other neurons by flooding them with ions until they fire
2. can also send neurotransmitters into synapses btw neurons,
switching on genes in other neurons. ==> causes production of proteins which essentially changes them and neurons convey info to neighboring neurons
3. changes made by proteins may include production of new receptors, more neurotransmitters, and increasing enzymes

Front 19

ACT 1 Scene 3 : Other family

Back 19

Polonius = has 2 children Laertes, and Ophelia

Front 20

ACT 1 Scene 3 :Polonius

Back 20

3. Polonius lectures lartes telling him to hurry up and go but still delay him by giving him advice. He encourages lying and deceit but tells his son not to. Advice about not borrowing or lending, be slow to qarrel but bold to fight, listen more than talk, above all - be true to himself.
- tells ophelia she is not true to herself

Front 21

ACT 1 Scene 3 : Laertes

Back 21

2. Laertes warns Ophelia that Hamlet is using her -- only smells a rose till it dies. tells her Hamlet will only marry someone important b/c of his position and not her.

Front 22

ACT 1 Scene 3 : Ophelia

Back 22

1. Ophelia courting Hamlet, whom she loves and is bidding brother bye as he leaves for France
2. Lets Polonius tell her what to do who says not to talk to Hamlet, that hes dressing like a holyman but really just trying to sleep with her

Front 23

Act 1 Scene IV: Hamlet, Horation, Marcellus keep watch, waiting for ghost to appear

Back 23

-They make fun of king and his custom of carousing ( engage in boisterous, drunken merrymaking)

Front 24

Act 1 Scene IV: ghost appears

Back 24

- ghost appears Hamlet wants to follow it but Horatio and Marcellus hold him back but hamlet breaks free and follows ghost. Hamlet still unsure of whether ghost is good or bad
- Whenever Hamlet shows MANIC thinking he refers to the existence of the PLAY. Manic speech continues in following scene which is key to understanding Hamlets psychology!