Adult I Pvd

Front 1

What does Peripheral artery disease affect more?

Back 1

lower extremities over upper extremities

Front 2

What has same causes as CAD

Back 2

PAD

Front 3

What are teh 4 stages of peripheral arterial disease?

Back 3

1. asymptomatic, 2. claudication, 3. rest-pain, 4. necrosis/gangrene

Front 4

What indicates stage one of PVD?

Back 4

no claudication, bruit, or aneurysm, pedal pulses may be absent or decreased

Front 5

What indicates stage 2 of pvd?

Back 5

muscle pain, cramping, or burning with activity and relieved with rest: symptoms are reproducible with exercise

Front 6

What indicates Stage 3 of PVD?

Back 6

pain while resting or at night, complaints of numbness, burning, pain in distal portion of extremity (not calf), pain relieved by placing extremity in dependent position

Front 7

What are some physical findings of PVD?

Back 7

loss of hair to lower calf, ankles, and foot
dry scaly, dusky, pale, mottled skin
thickened toe nails
colder extremities
dependent rubor (redness)

Front 8

What are arterial ulcers?

Back 8

painful and develop on toes, between toes, or on upper foot, ulcer bed is pale

Front 9

What are some diagnostic assessments for PVD?

Back 9

peripheral angiography, ankle-brachial index, stress test

Front 10

What do you use to see how severe PVD is?

Back 10

ankle-brachial index

Front 11

What are some interventions for PVD?

Back 11

exercise, promoting vasodilation, medication, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, atherectomy, surgery (femoral pop)

Front 12

What are some meds for PVD

Back 12

pentoxifylline (trental), clopidogrel (Plavix), aspirin

Front 13

What is a fem pop?

Back 13

bypass the blockage int eh legs usually closes in 3-6 months

Front 14

What is Buerger's disease

Back 14

limited to medium and small arteries and veins in distal extremities

Front 15

What is buergers disease associated with

Back 15

smoking

Front 16

Some signs of buergers disease

Back 16

claudication in arch of foot, aching more severe at night, sensitive to cold, superficial phlebitis, ulcers and gangrene

Front 17

What are some treatments for buergers disease

Back 17

stop smoking, avoid exposure to cold, promote vasodilation, keep warm

Front 18

Claudication

Back 18

muscle cramping in the calf

Front 19

What can you do to increae circulation to the extremities

Back 19

walk regularly

Front 20

What causes Reynauds Phenomenon or Disease?

Back 20

vasospasm of aterioles and arteries

Front 21

What does vasospasm cause?

Back 21

blanching of the extremity

Front 22

What are some signs and symptoms of Reynaud's

Back 22

extremities are numb and cold, pain and swelling may occur, ulcers and gangrene may result

Front 23

What may aggravate attacks of Reynaud's disease?

Back 23

cold or stress

Front 24

When does Reynauds Phenomonon occur

Back 24

older than age 30

Front 25

When does Reynauds disease usually occur?

Back 25

between 17 and 30

Front 26

How do you manage Reynauds

Back 26

prevent vasconstriction

Front 27

What are some meds for Reynauds

Back 27

Procardia, Cyclospasmol, Dibenzyline

Front 28

What may the meds for Reynauds cause

Back 28

flushing, headaches, hypotension, and dizziness

Front 29

How can you help prevent vasoconstriction in Reynauds

Back 29

minimize exposure to cold, meds, decrease stress (identify stressors), wear warm clothes

Front 30

What may alter venous bloodflow?

Back 30

thrombus formation, defective valves, venous insufficiency, varicose veins

Front 31

What may a venous thrombosis become?

Back 31

pulmonary emboli

Front 32

What may they do with people w/ venous thrombosis

Back 32

put on bed rest

Front 33

What may a venous thrombosis be associated with?

Back 33

endothelial injury, venous stasis, hypercoaguability

Front 34

What is thrombophlebitis?

Back 34

associated with inflammation, most frequently occurs in deep vein of lower extremity, deep vein thrombosis (more serious than superficial, increased risk for pulmonary embolism)

Front 35

Where does thrombophlebitis usually occur

Back 35

deep vein of lower extremity

Front 36

What are some risk factors for venous thrombosis?

Back 36

surgical patients, prenancy, ulcerative colitis, heart failure, immobility

Front 37

What are some parts of clinical assessment for venous thrombosis?

Back 37

calf/groin tenderness, pain and sudden onset of unilateral swelling of the leg, positive Homan's sign, calf circumference, doppler study, impedence pleysmography

Front 38

What are some interventions for venous thrombosis?

Back 38

bedrest, elevate extremity, continuous warm moist heat, monitor for signs and symptoms of pulmonary emboli, meds (heparin, lovenox, coumadin, birds nest filter, ligation)

Front 39

What does venous insufficiency occur as a result of?

Back 39

prolonged venous hypertension (stretches vein, damages valves)

Front 40

What occurs in venous insufficiency?

Back 40

edema, stasis ulcers, statis dermatitis, pooling of venous blood

Front 41

How do you treat edema from venous insufficiency?

Back 41

compression stockings, elevate legs, elevate legs above heart level (when in bed), SCDs

Front 42

What are some treatment options for venous stasis ulcers?

Back 42

dressings (oxygen permeable or nonpermeable), unna boot, chemical debridement

Front 43

What are some parts of client teaching?

Back 43

avoid standing, elevate legs when sitting, avoid crossing legs, avoid (girdles, tight pants, narrow banded knee highs), anti embolism hose