Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
COPD
|
Hx
MC ■Progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea ■Cough ■Wheeze ■Tobacco Use ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Intermittent Episodes of Dyspnea C ■Increased AP Chest Diameter ■Male ■Occasional to Frequent URI LC ■Subacute Dyspnea (lasting days) ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) PE MC ■Tachypnea ■Decreased breath sounds C ■Tachycardia LC ■Wheezes Labs LC ■FEV1 >= 50% and < 80% of predicted ■FEV1 < 50% predicted |
|
|
Asthma
|
Asthma
Hx MC ■Wheeze ■Cough ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) C ■Age < 40 ■Perfumes/Odors/Pollens Trigger Dyspnea ■Nocturnal Episodes of Dyspnea ■Family Hx of Respiratory Dx LC ■Tobacco Use ■Intermittent Episodes of Dyspnea PE MC ■Tachypnea ■Wheezes ■Tachycardia C LC Labs MC C ■FEV1/FVC > 70% LC ■FEV1 >= 50% and < 80% of predicted ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted |
|
|
Pulmonary Embolus
|
Hx
MC ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) ■Dyspnea with Exertion C ■Sharp Chest Pain ■Dull Chest Pain ■Unilateral Leg Pain LC ■Orthopnea ■Fever ■Wheeze ■Cough ■Chest discomfort lateral to costochondral junction ■Immobility PE MC ■Tachycardia ■Tachypnea LC ■Wheezes Labs MC ■FEV1/FVC > 70% ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted |
|
|
CHF
|
Hx
MC ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Orthopnea ■Heart Disease C ■Bilateral Peripheral Edema ■Nocturnal Episodes of Dyspnea ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) ■Tobacco Use ■Dull Chest Pain LC ■Cough ■Fatigue/Weakness ■Intermittent Episodes of Dyspnea ■Hepato-Jugular Reflex ■Wheeze ■Subacute Dyspnea (lasting days) PE MC ■Tachycardia ■Edema ■Tachypnea C ■S3 present ■S4 present ■Murmur present ■Crackles LC ■Wheezes Labs MC ■FVC > 80% of predicted ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted ■FEV1/FVC > 70% |
|
|
Pneumothorax
|
Pneumothorax
Hx MC ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Sharp Chest Pain ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) C ■Age < 40 ■Cough ■Orthopnea ■Dull Chest Pain ■Progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea ■Recent Injury ■Chest discomfort lateral to costochondral junction ■Tobacco Use LC ■Wheeze PE MC ■Tachypnea ■Decreased breath sounds ■Hyperresonance ■Tachycardia Labs MC ■FVC > 80% of predicted C ■FEV1/FVC > 70% ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted LC ■FEV1 >= 50% and < 80% of predicted |
|
|
MI
|
Hx
MC ■Dull Chest Pain C ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Tobacco Use ■Substernal chest discomfort ■Diaphoresis ■Orthopnea ■Heart Disease ■Left arm discomfort LC ■Fatigue/Weakness PE MC ■Tachypnea C ■Tachycardia ■S3 present ■S4 present LC ■Murmur present Labs MC ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted ■FEV1/FVC > 70% |
|
|
Interstitial Lung Disease
|
Hx
MC ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Dyspnea lasting greater than 3 weeks ■Cough C ■Tobacco Use ■Male ■Orthopnea LC ■Fatigue/Weakness ■Intermittent Episodes of Dyspnea ■Wheeze ■Subacute Dyspnea (lasting days) ■Dyspnea lasting 1-3 weeks PE MC ■Crackles ■Tachypnea C ■Tachycardia LC ■Murmur present Labs MC ■FVC > 80% of predicted ■FEV1/FVC > 70% C ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted LC ■FEV1 >= 50% and < 80% of predicted |
|
|
Pleural Effusion
|
Hx
MC ■Dyspnea with Exertion C ■Orthopnea ■Dyspnea lasting 1-3 weeks ■Tobacco Use ■Cough LC ■Fever PE MC ■Dullness to percussion ■Tachypnea C ■Tachycardia ■Crackles LC Labs MC ■FEV1/FVC > 70% ■FVC > 80% of predicted ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted |
|
|
Anemia
|
Anemia
Hx MC ■Dyspnea with Exertion C ■Dyspnea lasting greater than 3 weeks ■Fatigue/Weakness LC ■Orthopnea ■Sharp Chest Pain ■Dyspnea lasting 1-3 weeks PE MC ■Tachycardia C ■Tachypnea LC Labs MC ■Hb < 9 and or Hct < 27 ■FEV1/FVC > 70% ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted |
|
|
Pneumonia
|
Hx
MC ■Wheeze ■Fever ■Cough ■Subacute Dyspnea (lasting days) C ■Dyspnea with Exertion ■Tobacco Use ■Dull Chest Pain ■Fatigue/Weakness LC ■Orthopnea ■Age < 40 ■Occasional to Frequent URI ■Chest discomfort lateral to costochondral junction ■Progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea ■Sharp Chest Pain PE MC ■Egophony ■Tachypnea C ■Tachycardia ■Decreased breath sounds ■Crackles ■Dullness to percussion LC ■Wheezes Labs MC ■FEV1/FVC > 70% C ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted ■FVC > 80% of predicted |
|
|
Bronciectasis
|
Hx
MC ■Cough ■Daily mucopurulent sputum production C ■Tobacco Use ■Occasional to Frequent URI LC ■Fever ■Diaphoresis ■Acute Dyspnea (lasting minutes to hours) ■Subacute Dyspnea (lasting days) ■Orthopnea ■Dyspnea lasting 1-3 weeks ■Wheeze ■Intermittent Episodes of Dyspnea ■Night Sweats ■Fatigue/Weakness ■Progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea PE MC C ■Tachypnea LC ■Decreased breath sounds ■Wheezes ■Crackles ■Tachycardia Labs MC ■FEV1/FVC > 70% C ■FVC > 80% of predicted ■FEV1 >= 80% predicted LC ■FEV1 >= 50% and < 80% of predicted |
|
|
z HX: A 62 year old male presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present several months. The dyspnea is associated with a brief sharp chest pain with occasional deep breaths. The patient denies the dyspnea is associated with rest or exertion. Other associated findings: weakness. Past medical history reveals no remarkable findings. Habits: none.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 98.1, BP: 121 / 82, Heart rate: 127, Respiratory rate: 19. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: unremarkable. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 8 / HCT 26. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 97% of predicted, FVC 96% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 100% of predicted. |
anemia
|
|
|
HX: A 65 year old male presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 2 weeks. Chest pain is not associated with the episode. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing, dyspnea while lying down and fatigue. Past medical history reveals no remarkable findings. Habits: none.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 101.9, BP: 158 / 73, Heart rate: 83, Respiratory rate: 25. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: wheezes, crackles and dullness to percussion. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 12 / HCT 38. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 85% of predicted, FVC 64% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 119% of predicted. |
pleural effusion (dullness to percussion)
|
|
|
HX: A 58 year old male presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 4 hours. The dyspnea is associated with a 2 hour episode of squeezing chest pain. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: dyspnea while lying down. Past medical history reveals heart disease. Habits: a 21 pack year smoking history.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 97.7, BP: 171 / 90, Heart rate: 60, Respiratory rate: 19. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: Examination is positive for an S4. RESPIRATORY: unremarkable. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 13 / HCT 40. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 94% of predicted, FVC 94% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 99% of predicted. |
MI (S4, squeezing chest pain)
|
|
|
HX: A 58 year old male presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 2 days. Chest pain is not associated with the episode. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion and while at bedrest. Other associated findings: dyspnea while lying down, bloody sputum and ankle swelling beginning 2 days ago. Past medical history reveals heart disease. Habits: none.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 98.8, BP: 147 / 92, Heart rate: 124, Respiratory rate: 33. PE/HEENT: Hepato-Jugular reflex is present. CARDIAC: Examination is positive for an S3 , an S4 and a grade 2 systolic murmur. RESPIRATORY: wheezes. EXTREMITIES: 4 millimeter bilateral leg edema. LABS/CBC: HB 11 / HCT 35. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 85% of predicted, FVC 64% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 119% of predicted. |
CHF (hepato jugular, edema)
|
|
|
HX: A 50 year old female presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 2 weeks. Chest pain is not associated with the episode. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing, chest discomfort later to costochondral junction and orthopnea. Past medical history reveals occasional episodes of chest congestion. Habits: none.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 97.7, BP: 134 / 96, Heart rate: 113, Respiratory rate: 30. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: wheezes, crackles and dullness to percussion. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 8 / HCT 25. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 85% of predicted, FVC 64% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 119% of predicted. |
pleural effusion (even though hematocrit is low, dullness to percussion means it is pleural effusion!)
|
|
|
HX: A 28 year old male presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present several months. Chest pain is not associated with the episode. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing, daily mucopurulent sputum and orthopnea. Past medical history reveals progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea. Habits: none.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 101.1, BP: 140 / 83, Heart rate: 79, Respiratory rate: 19. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: wheezes, crackles and decreased breath sounds. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 12 / HCT 34. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 85% of predicted, FVC 64% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 119% of predicted. |
bronchiectasis (sputum)
|
|
|
z HX: A 26 year old female presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 4 hours. Chest pain is not associated with the episode. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing, chest discomfort later to costochondral junction and orthopnea. Past medical history reveals progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea and a recent fall from a ladder. Habits: a 26 pack year smoking history.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 98.8, BP: 155 / 92, Heart rate: 116, Respiratory rate: 16. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 11 / HCT 40. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 69% of predicted, FVC 65% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 105% of predicted. |
pneumothorax (hyperresonance)
|
|
|
z HX: A 65 year old female presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 2 days. The dyspnea is associated with a 1 hour episode of squeezing chest pain. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing, wheezing-like noises and lack of energy. Past medical history reveals occasional episodes of chest congestion. Habits: a 26 pack year smoking history.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 101.2, BP: 151 / 96, Heart rate: 80, Respiratory rate: 28. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: wheezes, decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion and egophony. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 7 / HCT 25. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 75% of predicted, FVC 73% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 97% of predicted |
pneumonia (egophony)
|
|
|
z HX: A 74 year old female presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 2 days. Chest pain is not associated with the episode. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing and wheezing. Past medical history reveals intermittent episodes of cough without a specific diagnosis and progressively worsening episodes of dyspnea. Habits: a 24 pack year smoking history.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 98.7, BP: 172 / 85, Heart rate: 119, Respiratory rate: 29. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: wheezes, decreased breath sounds and increased AP diameter. EXTREMITIES: no edema. LABS/CBC: HB 11 / HCT 40. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 75% of predicted, FVC 73% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 97% of predicted. |
COPD
|
|
|
z HX: A 63 year old female presents with dyspnea. The dyspnea has been present for approximately 10 hours. The dyspnea is associated with a brief stabbing chest pain with occasional deep breaths. The patient reports that the dyspnea occurs with exertion. Other associated findings: coughing, chest discomfort later to costochondral junction, diaphoresis and bloody sputum. Past medical history reveals recent gall bladder surgery. Habits: none.
VITAL SIGNS as follows: Temp: 102.4, BP: 129 / 73, Heart rate: 116, Respiratory rate: 34. PE/HEENT: unremarkable. CARDIAC: no remarkable findings are noted. RESPIRATORY: unremarkable. EXTREMITIES: no edema and unilateral leg pain. LABS/CBC: HB 11 / HCT 33. Spirometry findings are as follows: FEV1 94% of predicted, FVC 98% of predicted and FEV1/FVC 95% of predicted |
pulmonary embolus
|
