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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Do both adrenergic and cholinergic receptors exist in the brain?

Yes

Yes

True or false:


Neurons secrete same set of neurotransmitters from all of their synaptic termini



What are some of the neurotransmitters found in the CNS?

True

True

Where are the highest concentrations of NE found in the brain?

(LOCAL CERULEUS) Hypothalamus, central nucleus of amygdala, and dentate gyrus of hippocampus

What is the local ceruleus involved in regulating?

Sleep and arousal and associated aspects of attention and vigilance

What does stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in amygdala enhance?

Enhances memories for stimuli encoded under strong negative emotion => recall of stimuli predicting danger (PTSD)

In the central cholinergic pathways, the effects of Ach are a mixture of both _____ and ____ actions.



What does tho mean?

Nicotinic and muscarinic 
 
Muscarinic and nicotinic effects can be produced by separate drugs.

Nicotinic and muscarinic



Muscarinic and nicotinic effects can be produced by separate drugs.

Identify the cholinergic neurons of the brainstem. What does the brainstem arousal center supply?


What is shown by the blue pathways?

What neurotransmitter influences motivation, learning, and memory?



Which one influences arousal, attention, vigilance, and memory?



Ach
 
NE

Ach



NE

?

?

DEFINITELY KNOW THE EFFECT ON THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM!!

KNOW THE DRUGS THAT ACT ON THE DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM FOR BOARDS!

What do antidepressants block synaptic reuptake of? Where do they act as antagonists?

Identify which receptors have been blocked based on the adverse effects.
 
NE, alpha-1, muscarinic

Identify which receptors have been blocked based on the adverse effects.



NE, alpha-1, muscarinic

What are the three anticholinergic drugs used in the early stages of Parkinsonism or in conjunction with dopamimetic therapy?



How do these work?

Loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinsons, these neurons normally inhibit the GABAergic output from the striatum, whereas cholinergic neurons produce and EXCITATORY EFFECT (limiting the excitatory effect with anticholinergics).

Loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinsons, these neurons normally inhibit the GABAergic output from the striatum, whereas cholinergic neurons produce and EXCITATORY EFFECT (limiting the excitatory effect with anticholinergics).

Which two symptoms of PTSD are open to modulation by appropriate anti-adrenergic treatment?

Intrusion (responds to B)


Hyperarousal (responds to alpha)

What two drugs are currently indicated for PTSD?



Which two are advocated based upon adrenergic receptor importance in amygdala?



What is the one side effect you should monitor for?



How do B-blockers vary (in terms of those that would cross the BBB and produce a variety of CNS effects)?



Which generation of H1 antagonists also produce central actions?