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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where are the adrenal glands located? |
On top of kidneys |
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What hormones does the adrenal medulla release? |
Adrenaline (80%) and noradrenaline (20%) (Catecholamines) |
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What effect does adrenaline and noradrenaline have on the body? |
Fight or flight response |
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What is the adrenal cortex regulated by? |
ACTH from anterior pituitary gland |
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What hormones does the adrenal cortex release? |
Mineralocorticoids Androgens Glucocorticoids |
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Give an example of a Mineralocorticoid. |
Aldosterone |
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What effect does Aldosterone have? |
Excretion of potassium Reabsorption of sodium to attract water Increases BP |
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When is aldosterone released? |
High blood potassium Low blood sodium |
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What do Androgens do? |
Stimulate development of male characteristics |
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Give an example of a Glucocorticoid. |
Cortisol |
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Why is cortisol released? |
To inhibit inflammatory response |
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What effect does cortisol have? |
Increases breakdown of protein + fat |
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What syndrome can too much cortisol cause? |
Cushing's Syndrome |
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What causes Addisson's Disease? |
Decreased secretion of steroids + Decreased response to catecholamines |
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Where is the thyroid gland located? |
Neck |
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What hormones are secreted by the thyroid gland? |
T3, Thyroxyne + Calcitonin |
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What do hormones secreted by the thyroid affect? |
Metabolism |
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What is hyposecretion? |
Lack of thyroid hormones |
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What effect does hyposecretion have? |
Decreased metabolic rate Weight gain Decreased appetite Weak Dry skin Decreased iodide uptake |
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What can hyposecretion cause in infants? |
Cretinism |
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What is hypersecretion? |
Too many thyroid hormones |
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What effect does hypersecretion have? |
Increased metabolic rate Weight loss Increased appetite Warm skin Eyes pertrude Insomnia Increased iodide uptake Goiter |
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What does calcitonin do? |
Stores calcium to protect bones + teeth |
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What can too much calcium cause? |
Cramps |
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What does the parathyroid gland secrete and when? |
Secretes parathyroid hormone when calcium levels are low |
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What effect does parathyroid hormome have? |
Causes calcium to be released from bones Weaker bones |
