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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
substance is _____ taken in _____ amounts or over a longer period than was intended |
often, larger
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
there is a persistent ______ or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or ________ use. |
desire, control
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
A great deal of time is spent on activities necessary to ________ ______ _________, use the substance, or ________ from it |
obtain the substance, recover
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
_______, or strong desire or urge to use the substance |
craving
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major _______ __________ at ______, ______, or _______ |
role obligations, work, school, home
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
Continued substance use despite having persistent or current ________ or ______ problems caused or worsened by the effects of the substance. |
social, interpersonal
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
Important ______, ________ or _________ activities are given up or reduced because of sub abuse. |
social, occupational, recreational
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
recurrent substance use in situations where it is ________ ________ |
physically hazardous
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(criteria for SUD or problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment)
substance use is continued despite knowledge of having persistent or recurrent ________ or _________ problems that is likely to have been caused or worsened by substance use. |
physical, psychological
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__- __% of antisocial personality disorder have SUD at some point
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80 90
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Medical model: has never been proven; is a theoretical model. It involves ________ symptoms, _________ downward, if untreated: ________
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specific, progression, death
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medical model is also known as: (2)
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disease model or biological model
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what neurotransmitter is known as a risk factor and to cause adverse withdrawal?
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CREB
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What neurotransmitter is known as a risk factor that makes substance use more rewarding?
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alpha (triangle) FOS B
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what receptor site is known as a risk factor for SUD?
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dopamine 2
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_______ seratonin receptor sites can result in anxiousness, thrill seaking, ________, rule breaking,
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reduced, suicidality
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(names in studies of personality SUD types) describe type 1 (4):
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late onset, harm avoidance, 75% anxiety issues, lower SES
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(names in studies of personality SUD types) describe type 2 (3):
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early onset (before 25), aggressive, criminal, thrill seeker
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mentally ill folks are __ -___ times more at risk of SUD
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2.5 - 3
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define bioavailability:
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amount of unchanged substance at site of action (brain/CNS)
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define biotransformation:
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process of changing the substance into a form that can be eliminated
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what's it called when a substance first hits the liver and the effects are diluted (somewhat)
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first pass metabolism
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(methods of administration)
digestive (pills) |
emeteral
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(methods of administration)
piercing the skin (shooting heroin) |
parenteral
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(methods of administration)
on the skin (morphine patch) |
transdermal
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(methods of administration)
nose (snort coke) |
intranasal
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(methods of administration)
lungs (smoking weed) |
inhalation
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(methods of administration)
under the tongue (fentanol sucker) |
sublingal
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what causes the asian flush?
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missing an enzyme that breaks alcohol down. causing buildup more quickly and then body rejects it
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glutamate is known as the __________ _____. and how is it produced?
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excitement drug. when alcohol is excessiely drank and body produces it because dopamine sites are reduced (because they were overwhelmed) and glutamate counteracts the reduction of dopamine.
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alcohol is an _______ on the glutamate site
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antagonist
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define upregulation:
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when receptor sites in cell may be added
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define downregulation:
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receptor sites in cell may diminish
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common (desirable) effects of psychoactive drugs (3):
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dopamine: blocks re-uptake of dopamine, lowers seratonin levels after.
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too much dopamine --->
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schizophrenia symptoms
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too little dopamine ---- >
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parkinson's
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too much dopamine can suppress _______
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seratonin
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around ___% of drug users / drinkers will develop a problem
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10
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simple word to describe neuroadaptation:
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tolerance
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define pro-drug:
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a drug that doesn't effect you in its natural form. When it biotransforms, it does effect you... its metabolite impacts you.
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example of a pro-drug
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heroin
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drinks can be naturally made with up to ___-___% of alcohol.
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14-15%
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#1 killer:
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tobacco
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the chemical that helps you relax, have less anxiety, and have more control is _______. this is reduced by alcohol consumption.
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GABA
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what does the mu opiod receptor site do:
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relaxes you / breathing,
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sigma opiod receptor site is responsible for:
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nausea and vomiting when it is triggered
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heavy drinking can cause what in the brain?
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less creatine - the shakes/nerve ending damage
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heavy drinking can cause what in the liver?
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glutathione -- > hepatitus -- > serosis -- > liver failure
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heavy drinking can cause what in the heart?
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breaks down the muscle
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binge drinking for women and men:
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4 drinks, 5 drinks
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heavy drinking for women and men:
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3 drinks, 4 drinks
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what is the antabuse for the asian flush?
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Aldehyde dahydrogenase
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the most commonly abused legal drug in the U.S. is _______. and the most commonly abused illicit drug is _______
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alcohol, marijuana
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