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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Personal Selling
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seller attempts to personally persuade buyers
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Use with (4)
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technical products, large ticket items, high perceived risk, and when an established lin,seller attempts to personally persuade buyers e is competing with another for retailing support
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4 types of selling
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Responsive selling, Creative selling, Trade selling, Missionary sales
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Responsive selling
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- reacts to buyers demands, sells door to door, ultimate consumer
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Creative selling
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Assess situation, determines needs, and presents a capability to fulfill these needs, gets the sale
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trade selling
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Casual role, emphasis on service set-ups/stock, often involves straight rebuying
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Missionary sales
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compensation, job security, recognize importance of sales jobs, opportunity for advancement, Empowerment, good working conditions
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pros to personal selling(4)
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Minimizes wasted effort, one on one, can counter objections immediately, can ask for the sale
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cons to personal selling (6)
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inconsistent message, management and sales force sales style conflicts, Cost of sales force is extremely high, limited reach, retention of sales force, potential for ethical issues surrounding bad sales individuals
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7 steps to personal selling
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Preparation, prospecting, pre-approach, presentation, meet objections, close the sale, and follow-up
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Pretest methots (4)
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Pretest print and TV ads,Trailer test-Set up, Schwen Test, Psychological
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Psychological pretest methods(5)
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Pupilometer, galvanic skin response, eye tracking, tachistoscope, EEG
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During ad testing(3)
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Inquiry method(based on number of responses), Split run advertising(geographic ad response comparison), Single source data(monitor individual viewing and monitor purchasing behavior
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Post-test (4)
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Unaided recall, aided recall, recognition, Starch test
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Ad agencies self regulation
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Ads reflect the company, Internal control(voluntarily research a companies provided information), Agency Client contracts
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Self regulation(4)
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Ad agencies, media, trade associations, Better business bureau
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goals of goverment regulation (4)
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- First desired to maintain competition, try to keep fair price, keep freedom of market entry, and to protect the consumer
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Attack on monopolies
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established commission regulatory agency and outlawed dividing markets without competing (price fixing) Price discrimination-sale to of same service at different price
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Sherman Antitrust Act
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All business must act independent of one another, Prohibited business activity which restrained trade, and must be defined as showing adverse effects on competition(what competition?)
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- Clayton act
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Extended and clarified Sherman Act- prohibited practices where the probable effect would substantially reduce competition or tend to create a monopoly
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Robinson-Patman Amendment
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restricted suppliers from giving special deals to chain stores
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Federal trade commission act
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created FTC
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Wheeler Lea Ammendment
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Consumer oriented- made deceptive practices unlawful, prohibited exploitation of consumers, Act against unfair, deceptive acts
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Magnussen-Moss Act
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Warranty terms easily understood
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Fair packaging and Labeling act
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- ingredients listed in order of amount and prevented deceptive labeling
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Deceptive advertising(3)
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- 1. likelihood of misleading the consumer 2. Perspective, reasonable consumer 3. Misrepresentation or practice is likely to affect buying decision
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Puffery
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Presentations that praise the item to be sold with subjective opinions, superlatives, or exaggerations, vaguely and generally stating with no specific facts
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Activities considered deceptive(11)
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False claims, bait and switch, Refusing to sell the product as advertised, purposely having low inventory, showing or displaying a defective product, not disclosing important facts about a product, false disparagement of competition, False testimonials(Vegetarian selling beef), False representations of approval or sponsorship, deceptive guarantees, deceptive demonstrations, confusing labeling or packaging.
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false disparagement of competition
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Comparison advertising must always be true
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ethical issues(7)
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Deceptive, offensive or in bad taste, sexual appeal, advertising to children, plays on people’s fears and insecurities, encourages materialism, and encourages stereotyping
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Critics argue that children (4)
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children 1. Cant evaluate advertising claims 2. Cant differentiate between programs and commercials 3. Cant determine reality from fantasy 4. Do not perceive selling intent in ads
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Advertisers argue that children(5)
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1. Children must learn socialization 2. Can perceive persuasion 3. No relationship between obesity and ads 4. Parents should help 5. First amendment (right to free speech
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stereotypes(5)
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- portrayal of women men to reflect changing roles in society, portrayal of women as sex objects, ethnic, sexual orientation, Gender
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Duties of a sales personel(8)
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Provide service through profitable sales, prospect for new customers, Increase sales to existing customers, make sales presentations, demonstrate products/services, Quote prices and terms, Close the sale, provide services after the sale.
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Presentation(3 steps) explain
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1. Features- Fully discuss product(Advantages and Benefits) 2.Present marketing plan (how to resell, and how to use) 3. Explain business propositions
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Magnussen-Moss Act
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Warranty terms easily understood
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