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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many myeloid acute leukemias are there?
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8 (including zero)
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what is M0?
what's its big feature? |
-Minimally differentaited acute myeloid
-Doesn't have blasts; |
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what is M1?
what's its big feature? |
-Acute myeloblastic without maturation
-Cells are so young they haven't matured at all; 90% of cells that aren't erythroid are blasts! Some auer rods are seen. |
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what is the difference between
-Type 1 Myeloblasts -Type 2 -Type 3 |
1: no primary granules, no Auers
2: some granules; auers present 3: >20 primary granules; NO GOLGI |
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how do you differentiate a myeloblast from a promyelocyte?
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Promyelocyte has a golgi region and smaller nucleus that's more condensed.
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What is M2?
What is its big feature? What type of cells are they NOT? |
Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with maturation.
-some myeloblasts matured; only 30-89% of noneryth cells are blasts. -NOT monoblasts; only 20% of cells are monocytic |
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What is M3?
What is its big feature? Comment on the cell features. how do these cells stain? |
-Acute Promyelocytic
-30% or more noneryth cells are HYPERGRANULAR PROGRANS. -have faggots of auer rods. -Intensely Peroxidase positive |
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what is M3m?
What is its big feature? |
Acute promyelocytic variant
-The same as M3, but HYPOgranular prograns are seen peripherally. |
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what is M4?
What is its big feature? |
Acute Myelomonocytic
-BM blasts are 30% or greater; 20-80% of those are MYELO, 20-80% are MONO. peripheral blood = monocytosis |
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What special stain is seen in M4? Why?
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NONSPECIFIC ESTERASE - because now the monocytic component has kicked in.
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what is M4EO?
What is its big feature? |
Acute myelomonocytic with eosinophilia.
-Same as M4, but 5% or more of nonerythroid are abnormal eosinophils. |
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What is M5?
What is its big feature? |
ACUTE MONOCYTIC
-greater than 80% of noneryth cells are MONOCYTIC. Rare auers. |
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What is M5a?
What is M5b? |
A = 80% or greater of monocytes are blasts.
B = less than 80% of monocytes are blasts. |
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what cell inclusion is common in myeloid blasts but not monocyte?
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Auer rods.
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What is M6?
What is its big feature? |
Erythroleukemia.
-MORE than 50% of ANC are erythroblasts. -Also, 30% or more of noneryth are blasts. |
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what special stain shows up in M6?
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PAS (periodic acid schiff's)
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what is M7?
What is its big feature? What's unique about how it's diagnosed? |
Acute megakaryoblastic
30% of ANC (not just the noneryth component) are LEUKEMIC BLASTS. -Can diagnose from PB because marrow is too full. |
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what funky cells can be seen in M7 that phyllis just loves?
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Micromegakaryocytes - bizarre platelets and blasts.
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what is NCE?
What does it stain? What AMLs is it + in? |
Naphthol chloroacetate esterase
Aka, SPECIFIC esterase. -Stains Myeloblasts thru PMN -M1,2,3,4 |
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What is Peroxidase/SBB?
What does it stain? What AMLs is it + in? |
Peroxidase and Sudan Black B.
Stains Myeloblasts thru PMN. -M1,2,3,4 |
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What three stains are positive in M1,2,3,4?
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NCE- Specific esterase, Peroxidase, and SudanBlack B
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What is NSE?
What does it stain? What AMLs is it + in? |
Nonspecific esterase.
-Stains monoblasts -M4 and M5. |
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How do you remember what stains positive in Acute myelomonocytic and Acute monocytic leukemia?
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Nono mono
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What is TdT?
What does it stain? What is it + in? |
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
-Stains lymphoblasts -Positive in L1, L2, sometimes 3 |
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what is PAS?
What does it stain? What AMLs is it + in? |
Periodic acid schiff
-glycogen, just about everything. -M6 for erythroblasts. |
