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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acupuncture treatment is contraindicated for patients who are:
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Weak and deficient, overly fatigued,
overly hungry, overly full, very drunk or very angry. |
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What acupuncture points are forbidden for pregnant women, especially in early pregnancy?
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All points on lower abdomen and lumbosacral region. Also points with strong descending actions and points that induce labor.
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What points induce labor?
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LI 4,SP 6, UB 60, UB 67, GB 21
ESPECIALLY DURING EARLY PREGNANCY. |
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When is it inappropriate to needle children?
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-children whose fontenel has not not fully closed (generally 2yrs old and under) do not needle vertex pts, DU 21,DU 22.
-children who are uncooperative |
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What landmarks have forbidden points?
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Nipple - ST 17
Umbilicus- Ren 8 |
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Blood Vessels and Nerves should be carefully avoided. Name the points and their corresponding vessel.
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LU 8 and LU 9-radial artery.
Ht 1- axillary artery. St 9 - carotid artery Sp 11 and Sp 12- femoral artery St 42 - dorsalis pedis artery |
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When should deep needle insertion be avoided?
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When important internal organs are underneath.
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What are the caution points @ the junction of the head and neck and why?
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DU 15, DU 16, UB10 perp..5 - .8
GB12 oblique .3 - .5 GB 20 .5 - .8 towards the inner canthus of the opposite eye. CAUTION MEDULLA OBLONGATA |
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What is the most dangerous point on the body?
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GB 12 medulla oblongata
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What are the caution points between the spinous processes and why?
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DU 4 - 14 Caution spinal cord
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Give the needling depths and direction for the caution points between the spinous processes.
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DU 4/5 - perp. .5 - 1.0
DU 6 - 14 oblique superior .5 - 1.0 |
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Name the corresponding vertebra.
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DU 14 - C7 DU 13 - T1
DU 12 -T3 DU 11 - T5 DU 10 - T6 DU 9 - T7 DU 8 - T9 DU 7 - T10 Du 6 - T11 DU 5 - L1 DU 4 - L2 |
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What are the caution points on the chest and why?
Needling depths? |
KD 22 - 27, ST 12 - 18 , LV 14 , GB 22 - 24 , Sp 17-21 All obl..3-.5 except ST 12 perp. .3-5
LU 1 &2 oblq lat .5-.8 PC 1 oblq . 2-.4 Pleural cavity- Pneumothorax |
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What are the caution points on the upper back and why?
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UB 11-21( T1- T12)- oblq .5-.7
UB 41-50(T2-T12)- oblq .3-.5 SI 14&15- perp..3-.7 SJ 15 & GB 21 perp..3-.5 Pleural cavity-Pneumothorax |
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What are the cautions on the mid-back and why?
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UB 22&23
UB 57&52 Caution Kidney |
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What are the caution points on the upper abdomen and why?
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Ren 13 - 15
KD 20&21 ST 19 ST 20 right side Caution Liver |
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What might make a patient prone to bleed and what precautions should be taken?
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Blood disorders, patient taking blood thinners.
Use thinner needles with a slow withdraw and cotton cover. |
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In managing an acupuncture accident what should you generally be prepared to do?
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Evaluate the situation and respond quickly.
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What are the six types of acupuncture accidents?
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Fainting
Stuck needle Bent needle Broken needle Bleeding and Residual sensation |
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What are the signs and symptoms of fainting?
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dizziness, oppression of chest, nausea, pallor, cold sweating, cold extremities, weak pulse, hypotension, loss of consciousness
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What are the causes of fainting?
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Patient- nervous tension,hunger, fatigue,extreme weakness,
uncomfortable posistion. Practitioner- overly forceful manip.causing excess.stimulation |
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There are 5 steps to manage fainting.Describe the first 3 steps.
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Remove all needles.
Have patient lie down w/legs slightly elevated. Offer patient warm drinks. |
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Describe the last two steps to manage fainting.
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-For severe cases use fingernail or needle certain points to revive, such as DU 26, LI 4, ST 36, PC 6, DU 25, KD 1, PC 9.
-MOXA on lower Abdominal points such as Ren 4,6, 8 |
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How might you prevent fainting?
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Eliminate the causes. DUH
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Name the 3 major causes of fainting during acupuncture.
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First time patients.
Patients position. Not managing prodrome. |
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Discuss prevention of fainting in first time patients.
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Explain the procedure.
Use fewer points. Use only light/gentle manipulation. |
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What patient position should be used to prevent fainting?
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Lying position.
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What are the prodromes of fainting that should be watched for?
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Changes in facial expression and complexion.
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What is the definition of a stuck needle?
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A needle that is difficult or impossible to manipulate.
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What are the causes of a needle becoming stuck?
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Nervousness of the patient causing muscle spasm.
Practitioner twists needle w/ too wide of amplitude. Or only twists needle in on direction. |
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How should a stuck needle be managed if it is due to a nervous patient?
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Relax / Reassure the patient.
-Let needle rest -Massage around point -Insert needle nearby to relax muscle spasm |
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How should a stuck needle be managed if it is due to improper twisting?
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Turn needle slightly in opposite direction until it loosens.
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What is the definition of a bent needle?
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The handle angle has changed. Lifting and thrusting is not possible.
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What are the possible causes of a bent needle?
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Insertion was too forceful-kept pushing when encountering hard surface-tendon/bone.
Patient changed position during Tx. Needle is hit by an object- flying saucer etc. |
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How do you manage a bent needle?
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Stop manipulation.
Withdraw needle slowly if possible. If angle is large- withdraw slowly along the bend direction. If moved, restore patient to original position, then withdraw needle. |
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What must never be done when removing a bent needle?
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Never pull out the needle by force - it may cause it to break!!!
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What can be done to prevent a bent needle?
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Gentle manipulation of needle.
Position the patient comfortably- remind them not to move. Remove any objects that the needle could possibly hit. |
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What are the possible causes of a broken needle?
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-poor quality needles
-too forceful of manipulation-muscle spasm -patient changes position -bent needle is ridgidly withdrawn - breaks! |
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First rule in managing a broken needle?
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STAY CALM and ask the patient not to move to avoid the needle sinking deeper.
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If broken needle is visible above the skin, how should it be removed?
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Remove with tweezers.
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If broken needle is at skin level, how should it be removed?
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Gently push surrounding tissues to expose needle and then remove with tweezers.
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If broken needle is completely underneath the skin, how should it be removed?
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Seek immediate medical attention.
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What should be done to prevent a broken needle?
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-inspect needles prior to Tx
-do not manipulate needles w/excessive force -remind patient to remain still -don't remove bent needle by force -don't insert needle up to handle |
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What are the signs and symptoms of bleeding (hematoma)?
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-local swelling
-patient feels distended pain after needle is withdrawn. |
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What is the cause of a hematoma?
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A blood vessel was punctured and pressure was not applied to the site with a cotton ball after needle was withdrawn
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How should a hematoma be managed?
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Apply direct pressure to needling site.
-vein - 30 sec to 1 min -artery - up to 5 min |
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How can hematomas be prevented?
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-Familiarity with anatomy to avoid large vessels
-slow needle insertion after skin level - vessels will move out of the way |
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Why are point around the eyeballs more likely to bleed?
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Loose tissues/large blood supply
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Describe needling practices for needling point around the eyeball.
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-Locate very accurately
-after initial insertion proceed very slowly -after proper depth is achieved- NO MANIPULATION withdraw needle very slowly, press site immediately - 1 min |
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Describe what is meant by residual sensations.
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-local discomfort after needle is withdrawn
i.e. soreness, distension, heaviness, tingling |
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What is the major cause of residual sensations?
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Overly forceful manipulation
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How do you prevent residual sensations?
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Be careful not to be overly forceful during manipulation.
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How should residual sensations be managed?
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-reassure patient it will resolve in 1 to 2 days
-gently massage needling area -use moxa on area to increase qi and blood |
