Act/passive/jointmob

Front 1

What are the indications for performing Joint Mobilization?

Back 1

Pain, Muscle Guarding, spasm. Reversible joint hypomobility, positional faults/subluxations, progressive limitation, functional immobility

Front 2

What are the therapeutic effects of JM?

Back 2

Brings nutrients to articular cartilage, Maintains extensibility and tensile strength of the articular and periarticular tissues, provide awareness of position and motion

Front 3

What are the contraindications of JM?

Back 3

Hypermobility, inflammation, joint effusion

Front 4

True or False: if pain is experienced before tissue limitation, then pain inhibiting techniques should be used.

Back 4

TRUE

Front 5

True or False: if pain is experienced concurrently with tissue limitation, then aggressive stretching techniques can be used.

Back 5

FALSE, gentle stretching

Front 6

True or False: a grade II Oscillatory technique involves small-amplitude rhythmic oscillations.

Back 6

FALSE, large

Front 7

True or False: a grade II sustained translatory technique tightens the tissues around the joint.

Back 7

TRUE

Front 8

True or False: the first treatment of JM is performed in the closed packed position.

Back 8

False, resting position

Front 9

True or False: proper patient stabilization is important when performing JM.

Back 9

TRUE

Front 10

True or False: gliding techniques used in JM are applied perpendicular to the treatment plane.

Back 10

False, parallel

Front 11

True or False: when using sustained translatory techniques for the first time on a patient, you should begin with a Grade I technique.

Back 11

False, you should begin with a Grade II

Front 12

True or False: Grade II and III oscillatory techniques should be performed at a rate of 2-3 per second.

Back 12

TRUE

Front 13

True or False: when performing sustained JM techniques on restricted joints, the technique should be held a minimum of 30 seconds.

Back 13

False, 6 seconds

Front 14

What direction should the talus be mobilized to gain dorsiflexion in an open kinectic chain (OKC)?

Back 14

Posteriorly

Front 15

What direction should the proximal row of carpal bones be mobilized to gain extension in an OKC?

Back 15

Anteriorly, remember to place the joint in the anatomical position

Front 16

What are the three types of ROM exercises used in PT?

Back 16

Passive, Active and Active-Assistive

Front 17

What are the indications for performing PROM?

Back 17

Injuries that are in the acute phase, and when a patient is not able or not supposed to actively move a segment

Front 18

Which of the following patients is NOT a good candidate for PROM: a comatose patient, a paralyzed patient, a S/P Total knee replacement, a patient with a unhealed fracture

Back 18

Unhealed fracture

Front 19

What are the indications for performing A/AAROM?

Back 19

When a patient is allowed to contract the muscles, atrophy, aerobic conditioning, after immobilization.

Front 20

What are the goals of AROM?

Back 20

Maintain physiological elasticity and contractility in the muscles, provide sensory feedback from contracting muscles, provide a stimulus for bone and joint tissue integrity, increase circulation and prevent thrombus formation, develop coordination and motor skills.

Front 21

PROM will not:

Back 21

Prevent muscle atrophy, increase strength or endurance, assist circulation

Front 22

What is the difference between stretching and PROM?

Back 22

PROM does not result in an increase of ROM, stretching's goal to achieve plastic deformation

Front 23

True or False: Active and passive ROM techniques should be performed smoothly and rhythmically.

Back 23

TRUE

Front 24

True or False: when stretching a muscle, the joint should be move in the opposite direction that occurs when the muscle that is being stretched contracts.

Back 24

TRUE

Front 25

Name 4 potential benefits or outocmes of stretching?

Back 25

Increased flexibility and ROM, general fitness, injury prevention and enhanced performance.

Front 26

What are some detrimental effects of immobilization?

Back 26

Decay in contractile protein, decrease in the number of myofibrils resulting in atrophy and weakness, decrease in sacromeres which leads to a decrease in muscle length

Front 27

What is the neurophysiological response of muscle to stretch?

Back 27

If the stretch is applied in a sudden manner, the primary afferent fibers stimulate alpha motorneurons in the spinal cord and facilitate a contraction that is being stretched.

Front 28

What determinants need to be considered during stretching?

Back 28

Alignment and stabilization of the body during stretching, intensity, speed , duration, frequency and mode.

Front 29

What is the minimum time that a static stretch should be held?

Back 29

30 seconds

Front 30

What is the optimal intensity that should be used in when stretching tissue?

Back 30

Low load, long duration (Creep)

Front 31

True or False: Ballistic stretching should not be used on elderly patients with musculoskeletal pathology or chronic contratures.

Back 31

True

Front 32

True or False: when stretching shortened tissue, the force should be applied gradually.

Back 32

TRUE

Front 33

True or False: the optimal frequency that should be used to stretch tissue is 3-5 times per week.

Back 33

False, it is up to the descretion of the therapist.

Front 34

Describe a Hold-relax stretching technique.

Back 34

The range limiting muscle is first lengthened to the point of limitation, the performs a end-range isometric contraction for 10 seconds, followed by voluntary relaxation of the tight muscle. The limb is then is then passively moved into the new range as range-limiting muscle is elongated.

Front 35

Describe Agonist Contraction.

Back 35

Same as Hold-relax except the antagonist is asked to contract.

Front 36

Name the factors that contribute to restricted motion.

Back 36

Prolonged immobilization, Sedentary lifestyle and habitual faulty or asymmetric postures, paralysis, tone abnormalities and muscle imbalances, postural malalignment

Front 37

How are contractures named?

Back 37

By identifying the action of the shortened muscle. If a patient has shortened elbow flexors and cannot fully extend the elbow, he or she is said to have an elbow flexion contracture.

Front 38

What is the safest form of stretching technique?

Back 38

Static stretching

Front 39

Define Cyclic (intermittent) stretching.

Back 39

A relatively short-duration force that is repeatedly but gradually applied, released, and then reapplied.

Front 40

Name 6 factors that can affect the frequency of stretching.

Back 40

Underlying cause of impaired mobility, level of healing tissue, chroncity of a contracture, patient's age, use of corticosteroids, and previous response to stretching

Front 41

What is the recommended number of repititions when performing A and PROM?

Back 41

5-10 reps

Front 42

How far should you move a joint when performing A and PROM?

Back 42

Through its complete pain-free range to the point of tissue resistance.

Front 43

Provide 2 examples of "selective stretching."

Back 43

Not stretching the longer finger flexors and back extensors in spinal cord patients

Front 44

What type of stimulus do Muscle spindles respond to? What response do they produce when stimulated?

Back 44

Quick and sustained stretch.
It causes a contraction of the muscle

Front 45

What type of stimulus do Gogi tendon organs respond to? What response do they produce when stimulated?

Back 45

Tension or force in a muscle
It inhibits the muscle from contracting

Front 46

Define Plasticity

Back 46

the tendency of soft tissue to assume a new and greater length after the stretch force has been removed

Front 47

Define the term sarcomere absorption

Back 47

the reduction in length of a muscle and its fibers and in the number of sarcomeres that occurs with immobilization